Neck And Oral Cavity Practical

Question 1

Floor of oral cavity is formed by which muscles?

Answer 1

Mylohyoid and geniohyoid

Question 2

Muscles of soft palate create arches?

Answer 2

Palatoglossal arch, palatopharyngeal arch, uvula

Question 3

Which nerves innervate digastric muscle?

Answer 3

Anterior belly innervated by cn v3 and posterior belly by cn 7

Question 4

What does digastric do?

Answer 4

Opens jaw.

Question 5

What do geniohyoid muscles do?

Answer 5

Pull hyoid and larynx superiorly and anteriorly when swallowing

Question 6

What is innervation of geniohyoid muscles?

Answer 6

C1

Question 7

Extrinsic muscles of tongue?

Answer 7

Genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus and palatoglossus

Question 8

What is genioglossus innervated by and what does it do?

Answer 8

Hypoglossal nerve and it protrudes the tongue

Question 9

Hypoglossus is innervated by what and does what?

Answer 9

Hypoglossal nerve and depresses tongue

Question 10

What does styloglossus do and what is it innervated by?

Answer 10

Elevate and retracts tongue , innervated by hypoglossal nerve

Question 11

What is palatoglossus innervated by?

Answer 11

Vagus nerve and it depresses the palate and elevates back of tongue

Question 12

Where does lingual artery arise from?

Answer 12

External carotid

Question 13

Innervation to tongue?

Answer 13

Glossopharyngeal- posterior 1/3
Lingual- general sensation anterior 2/3
Facial- via chorda tympani of taste anterior 2/3
Motor- hypoglossal and vagus

Question 14

Squamous cell carcinoma of tongue?

Answer 14

90%dominance in males due to smoking tobacco. HPV infection and EBV infection

Question 15

Acute epiglottitis?

Answer 15

Sepsis passing from dental or pharynx to epiglottis causing oedema and asphyxia (failure of respiratory process caused by lack or insufficiency of oxygen in brain)

Question 16

Where is larynx located?

Answer 16

C3 to C6

Question 17

Cartilages of larynx?

Answer 17

Thyroid, epiglottis, cricoid, paired arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform

Question 18

Valsalva maneuver?

Answer 18

Forced expiratory effort against a closed glottis. True and false vocal cords come into contact, the laryngeal vestibule is collapsed and entire airway below cords become distended with air

Question 19

When to do a cricothyrotomy?

Answer 19

When airway is obstructed above level of vocal cords. Median cricothyroid ligament can be perforated and small tube inserted

Question 20

Infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 20

Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid and thyrohyoid

Question 21

At what level does common carotid divide into internal and external?

Answer 21

C4

Question 22

Neck trauma zones?

Answer 22

Zone1. Root of neck to clavicle
Zone 2: cricoid cartilage to angle of mandible
Zone 3: mandible to top of head

Question 23

In carcinoma of thyroid, if cervical sympathetic chain is affected patients can present with?

Answer 23

Horner syndrome

Question 24

Of ectopic thyroids, lingual thyroid is what percent?

Answer 24

90

Question 25

Lingual thyroid symptoms?

Answer 25

cough, hoarseness, and sleep apnea, but most are asymptomatic.

Question 26

Treatment for lingual thyroid?

Answer 26

Surgical treatment includes excision alone or excision with autotransplantation into muscle. Approach for excision is oral, transhyoid, and lateral pharyngotomy. Nonsurgical treatment includes hormonal therapy and radioactive ablation.

Question 27

which vertebrae if fractured in hangman fracture?

Answer 27

Second vertebra

Question 28

Which portions of the vertebrae are fractured?

Answer 28

Partes interarticulares,