Anaesthetic Agents

Question 1

What order of depression in brain?

Answer 1

Cortex, midbrain, spinal cord, medulla

Question 2

Dysarthria?

Answer 2

Motor speech disorder, slurring of speech

Question 3

How long do inhalation anaesthetics take to work?

Answer 3

30-40 seconds

Question 4

How long do venous circulation anaesthetics take to work?

Answer 4

5 to 10 seconds

Question 5

How do anaesthesia work?

Answer 5

Some stimulate inhibitory receptors: GABA A and glycine

Some inhibit excitatory receptors: glutamate NMDA, nicotine’s and serotonin

Question 6

Inhalation agents?

Answer 6

Oxygen, nitrous oxide, isoflurane

Question 7

Oxygen side effects?

Answer 7

Free radicals, CNS convulsions, pulmonary oxygen toxicity, CO2 narcosis

Question 8

Nitrous oxide MAC?

Answer 8

105%

Question 9

Biggest problem with ether?

Answer 9

Being sick

Question 10

Chloroform?

Answer 10

Causes arrhythmias

Question 11

Halothane problems?

Answer 11

Halothane hepatitis

Question 12

Isoflurane problem?

Answer 12

Side effects to CVS/RS and irritant to airway

Question 13

Best anaesthetic?

Answer 13

Sevoflurane, MAC 2% and 5% metabolised, still expensive, emergence phenomena

Question 14

When would you use desflurane?

Answer 14

Obese patient

Question 15

Induction agents?

Answer 15

Intravenous

Question 16

CVS/RS depression in intravenous agents because of

Answer 16

Drop in resistance and stroke volume

Question 17

Which drug has a long half life?

Answer 17

Thiopentone

Question 18

Intravenous agent most popular?

Answer 18

Propofol, anti emetic, anti epileptic, painful to inject and abnormal movements

Question 19

Date rape drug?

Answer 19

Midazolam

Question 20

Triad?

Answer 20

Anaesthetic, analgesic, muscle relaxants

Question 21

How do you facilitate intubation?

Answer 21

With muscle relaxant

Question 22

Depolarising agents?

Answer 22

Bind to acetylcholine receptors on post synaptic cell and stay there. Broken down by choliesterase

Question 23

Depolarising agent example:

Answer 23

Suxamethonium, short half life 2 min, many side effects (anaphylaxis)

Question 24

Non-depolarising blockers?

Answer 24

Blocks acetylcholine receptors, no depolarisation, lasts much longer (30 mins)

Question 25

Depolarising agents e.g

Answer 25

Steroid group e.g rocuronium

Benzylisoquinoliniums e.g atracurium