Anxiety Disorders- Neurobiology

Question 1

Amygdala excites?

Answer 1

Hypothalamus and locus coeruleus

Question 2

Locus coeruleus releases?

Answer 2

Norepinephrine

Question 3

Cortisol receptors can be found on?

Answer 3

Hippocampus

Question 4

Chronic stress of cortisol leads to?

Answer 4

Hippocampus shrinks and can’t feedback for cortisol due to overload calcium and excitotoxic .

Many anxiety disorders result from this

Question 5

Seretonin’s effect on locus coeruleus?

Answer 5

Inhibits firing

Question 6

Treatment of panic disorder?

Answer 6

Benzos GABA A partial agonist,

SSRI and CBT

Question 7

Benzo antagonist?

Answer 7

Flumazenil produce panic attack

Question 8

SSRI example?

Answer 8

Buspirone partial agonist 5HT1A

Postsynaptic and somatodendritic

Question 9

Alcohol is a partial agonist?

Answer 9

GABA A receptor

Question 10

Indirect agonists of GABA A receptor?

Answer 10

Barbiturates and benzos

Question 11

Of depressed people how many have GAD?

Answer 11

85%

Question 12

HOW do SSRIs work?

Answer 12

Increase CAMP and Ca dependent kinases so increased CREB and increased BDNF gene expression

Question 13

OCD incidence?

Answer 13

1-2%

Question 14

trichotillomania?

Answer 14

Pulling out hair

Question 15

Onychophagia?

Answer 15

Biting nails

Question 16

What is cause of OCD?

Answer 16

In balance between indirect and direct pathways of basal ganglia

Greater force of D1

Question 17

How to treat OCD?

Answer 17

SSRI e.g fluoxetine and clomipramine

Question 18

OCD has hyperactivity of what?

Answer 18

Caudate

OFC dysfunction

Question 19

Benzo disadvantages?

Answer 19

Withdrawal effects, abuse and dependence