Cerebellum And Motor Learning

Question 1

Cerebellum division?

Answer 1

Vestibulocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Cerebrocerebellum

Question 2

Vestibulocerebellum found in?

Answer 2

Flocculonodular lobe?

Question 3

Cerebrocerebellum projects onto?

Answer 3

Hemispheres

Question 4

Spinocerebellum projects onto?

Answer 4

Vermis

Question 5

Hemispheres project onto?

Answer 5

Dentate nucleus

Question 6

Vermis and paravermis project onto?

Answer 6

Fastigial and interposed nucleus

Question 7

Flocculonodular node projects onto?

Answer 7

Vestibular nuclei

Question 8

From Dentate nucleus projection to areas?

Answer 8

4 and 6

Question 9

Dysmetria?

Answer 9

Movement not stopped in time, overshoot

Question 10

Dsynergia?

Answer 10

Decomposition of complex movements

Question 11

Dysdiadochokinesia?

Answer 11

Reduced ability to perform rapidly alternating movements

Question 12

Intentional tremor/

Answer 12

Tremor arising when trying to perform a goal directed movement

Question 13

Dysarthria?

Answer 13

Incoordination in respiratory muscles, and larynx, uneven speech strength and velocity

Question 14

Medial longitudinal fasciculus?

Answer 14

Area of crossed over tracts

MS a common cause

Question 15

Nystagmus

Answer 15

Involuntary rhythmical repeated oscillations of one or both eyes

Question 16

Gait ataxia?

Answer 16

Lesion in spinocerebellum pathway and disturbance of limb tone

Question 17

Mossy fibres from?

Answer 17

Pons, brainstem and spinal cord

Question 18

Climbing fibres from?

Answer 18

Inferior olive medulla

Question 19

Cerebellum cortex functioning?

Answer 19

Mossy fibres synapse with granule cells which form parallel cells.

Many parallel fibres to a singly purkinje cell. One Climbing fibre would synapse with one purkinje cell, then to deep motor nuclei

Question 20

LTD motor learning?

Answer 20

Glutamate from parallel fibre bings to mGluR causing chain of reaction so IP3 forms.

Which binds to receptor on endoplasmic reticulum allowing calcium to release, which comes from climbing fibre depolarising voltage gated channel.

So internalisation of AMPA receptors so weakening of parallel and purkinje cells

Question 21

Cerebellum dysfunction causes?

Answer 21

Genetic, spinocerebellum degeneration, Frederichs ataxia

Alcohol, metabolic (B12,thyroid) Drugs
degenerative (Parkinson’s)
Immune (paraneoplastic)