ND - Major Psychiatric Disorders - Week 5 Flashcards
What percentage of Australians will have a mental disorder in their lifetime?
45%
What percentage of Australian individuals with a mental disorder used health services for their mental health problems?
35%
List 4 healthcare and lifestyle issues that contribute to physical and mental health decline.
Increased rates of smoking
Sub-optimal prescribing with unmanaged or unmonitored side effects
Inadequate health promotion initiatives
Fragmented or inaccessible physical/mental healthcare
List four ways that physical and mental decline can be mitigated.
Health policy addressing behavioural risks and early intervention
Improve prescribing psychiatric medications
Research digital technology for monitoring and promoting physical health
Increased access to integrated physical/mental healthcare
What four components are involved in classifying something as a mental disorder?
Clinically significant disturbance cognition, emotion regulation, or behaviour
Usually significant distress and disruption to social/occupational activities
Not merely an expectable or culturally approved response to a common stressor
Not merely a behaviour that deviates from social norms
What three things are included when classifying a mental disorder?
Operational criteria for characteristic symptoms
Threshold levels of distress/disability
Criteria for differential diagnoses
List 5 general anxiety disorders.
Specific phobias
Panic disorders
Social phobia
Generalised anxiety disorder
Separation anxiety disorder (children)
What is a panic attack (14)? How many symptoms generally occur?
An abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes, and during
which time four or more of the following symptoms occur:
Palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate
Sweating
Trembling or shaking
Sensations of shortness of breath or smothering
Feelings of choking
Chest pain or discomfort
Nausea or abdominal distress
Feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded, or faint
Chills or heat sensations
Paresthesia (numbness or tingling sensations)
Derealisation (feelings of unreality) or depersonalisation (being detached from oneself)
Fear of losing control or going crazy
Fear of dying
Describe the panic cycle beginning with the trigger (7).
Trigger - tingling in the spine
Perceived threat
Anxiety
Physical symptoms
Exacerbating thoughts
Focus on sensations
Panic
(back to perceived threat)
List three criteria for diagnosing a panic disorder.
Recurrent unexpected panic attacks
At least one attack followed by a month of:
-persistent concern or worry of additional attacks
-significant maladaptive change in behaviour related to attacks
List five things that can trigger agoraphobia.
Public transportation
Open spaces
Being in shops, theatres, cinemas
Standing in line or being in a crowd
Being outside home alone
List three emotional features of depression.
Low mood
-often worse in the morning
Loss of interest and enjoyment in usual activities
List four cognitive (thinking) features of depression.
Feeling worthless/guilty
Feeling hopeless/trapped/no future
Rumination
Poor concentration/memory
List three behavioural features of depression.
Tearfulness
Irritability
Avoidance/withdrawal
List five physical features of depression.
Fatigue
Decreased libido
Decreased apetite
Poor sleep (often early morning waking)
Tension/agitation
