AED - Introduction to Therapeutics - Week 2

Question 1

What is a “Surgical Sieve”?

Answer 1

A thought process in medicine. It is a typical example of how to organise a structured examination answer for medical students and physicians when they are challenged with a question (often uses mnemonics)

Question 2

What does the classical surgical sieve mnemonic VITAMIN stand for?

Answer 2

Vascular
Infective/inflammatory
Trauma
Auto-immune
Metabolic
Idiopathic/Iatrogenic
Neoplastic

Question 3

What does the diagnostic sieve mnemonic LINDOCARF stand for?

Answer 3

Locations
Intensity
Nature
Duration
Ocurrence
Concurrence
Aggravating factors
Relieving factors
Features

Question 4

What does the pupils sieve mnemonic VISITDAN stand for?

Answer 4

Virus - ciliary body
Inflammation - anterior uveitis/vaculitis
Stroke
Iatrogenic (illness caused by medical intervention)
Trauma
Drug
Autoimmune
Neoplasm

Question 5

List 5 causes of a central lesion horner’s syndrome

Answer 5

Pituitary tumour
Syphilis
Tumour of pons
Stroke
Multiple sclerosis

Question 6

List 5 causes of preganglionic horner’s syndrome

Answer 6

Pancost tumour
Tuberculosis
Aortic dissection
Carotid dissection
Lymphadenopathy

Question 7

List 5 causes of postganglionic horner’s syndrome

Answer 7

Trauma
Aneurysm
Atherosclerosis
Herpes zoster
Sinusitis

Question 8

Define Horner’s syndrome and what it is characterised by. List 3 signs

Answer 8

Characterised by an interruption of the oculosympathetic nerve supply somewhere between its origin in the hypothalamus and the eye.
Signs include:
-muller’s ptosis
-miosis
-anhydrosis

Question 9

What type of defect causes adie’s tonic pupil?

Answer 9

Ciliary ganglion defect