EIP - Evidence-based Practice and Optometry - Week 1

Question 1

Define evidence based practice.

Answer 1

Integrating the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to achieve the best possible patient management

Question 2

Describe the five step process for evidence based practice.

Answer 2

Assess - a question arises during patient care
Ask - completely articulate all parts of the question
Acquire - conduct a thorough focussed search and select the highest quality evidence
Appraise - evaluate the evidence for validity and clinical applicability
Apply - use clinical expertise to integrate applicable evidence with attention to patient values

Question 3

Describe the PICO principle.

Answer 3

Population/patient - who are the relevant patients?
Intervention - what is the intervention/treatment that you are interested in?
Comparison/control - is there an alternative strategy to compare with the intervention?
Outcome - what are the consequences of the intervention you are interested in?

Question 4

Define prognosis.

Answer 4

Estimate of the likely progress/resolution of the disease

Question 5

Define aetiology.

Answer 5

Cause of the disease

Question 6

What three categories of studies forms filtered information?

Answer 6

Systematic reviews
Critically appraised topics (ie guidelines)
Critically appraised individual articles

Question 7

What three categories of studies forms unfiltered information?

Answer 7

Randomised controlled trials
Cohort studies
Case control studies and case series

Question 8

List all 6 study types by evidence hierarchy.

Answer 8

Systematic reviews
Critically appraised topics
Critically appraised individual articles
Randomised controlled trials
Cohort studies
Case control studies and case series