BVP - Introduction to Paediatric Optometry - Week 9 Flashcards
List 5 physical developmental features seen at 0-6 months.
Suck and grasp reflex
The need to be held
Rapid growth
Can follow and focus
Lots of sleep
List 2 intellectual developmental features seen at 0-6 months.
Vocalisation
Understands crying will elicit a response
List 2 emotional developmental features seen at 0-6 months.
Attachment to parent/caregiver
Self-comfort with thumb/pacifier
List 2 social developmental features seen at 0-6 months.
Recognises parents/caregiver
Smiles at them when they see them
List 4 physical developmental features seen at 6-18 months.
Self feeding
Sitting
Stands/walks
Stacks 2+ blocks
List 3 intellectual developmental features seen at 6-18 months.
Able to sound 1-2 words
Points
Curiosity about the environment
List 3 emotional developmental features seen at 6-18 months.
Hugs parents
Separation anxiety
Shows emotions but cant identify
List 3 social developmental features seen at 6-18 months.
Plays games (peek-a-boo)
Extends attachment to others
Some independence
List 5 physical developmental features seen at 18 months to 3 years.
Bladder/bowel control develops
Climbing stairs
Holds crayons, begins drawing (circles)
Increased eye-hand coordination
List 2 intellectual developmental features seen at 18 months to 3 years.
Drawing develops
Sentences begin, can be understood half the time
List 2 emotional developmental features seen at 18 months to 3 years.
Expresses feelings verbally
Separation anxiety better
List 2 social developmental features seen at 18 months to 3 years.
Plays with other children
Tests boundaries
List 3 physical developmental features seen at 3 years to 6 years.
Can hop on one foot
Can skip/dance
Can draw squares and some letters
List 4 intellectual developmental features seen at 3 years to 6 years.
Can complete a puzzle
Completely understandable when speaking
Develops likes/dislikes
Engages in discussion
List 3 emotional developmental features seen at 3 years to 6 years.
Can identify happy/sad
Imitates parents/caregiver
Can feel overwhelmed by emotions
List 3 social developmental features seen at 3 years to 6 years.
Dresses/undresses self
Enjoys roleplaying games
Follows rules
List 3 physical developmental features seen at 6 years to 12 years.
Energetic
Increased appetite
Continued height/weight growth
List 3 intellectual developmental features seen at 6 years to 12 years.
Highly verbal
Asks fact oriented questions
Understands the concept of past/present/future
List 2 emotional developmental features seen at 6 years to 12 years.
Personality more defined
Guided primarily by school and family
List 3 social developmental features seen at 6 years to 12 years.
Enjoys playing and working with others
Same sex play with peers
Learns to achieve and compete
List 2 physical developmental features seen at 12 years to 18 years.
Growth spurts
Puberty
List 3 intellectual developmental features seen at 12 years to 18 years.
Able to think and reason
Able to think more abstractly
Able to use imagination to solve problems
List 3 emotional developmental features seen at 12 years to 18 years.
Independence needs exerted
Mood swings
Often feels misunderstood
List 3 social developmental features seen at 12 years to 18 years.
Part time work
Social activities with peer groups
Conflict with parents
On average, when do babies begin to crawl?
6-9 months
On average, when do babies begin to walk holding on?
7-13 months
List three reasons why the examination of a child is different.
Children often have no idea what a health examination entails
Have an inaccurate idea thanks to well meaning adults/family members
Have had a previous negative experience
What is an issue with how children might sometimes respond when performing a test?
Children want to please, so they may tell you what they think you want to hear
List 8 tests that can be performed for ages 0-3.
Cover test
Hirschberg
Bruckners (observe red reflex)
Ocular motility
Observe hand-eye coordination and fixation picking up toys during play
Retinoscopy
MEM retinoscopy
Pupil reactions
List 8 tests that can be performed for ages 3-6.
As for ages 0-3, plus:
Vision (distance/near)
Colour vision
Stereopsis
BV tests
Accommodation/vergence evaluation
Slit lamp
Tonometry
