Muscoskeletal Disease Im Ruminants Flashcards
Why is muscularskeleteal diseases a problem for the economics of farmers?
Spend less time eating and have a reduced
number of meals per day.
Reduce their overall dry matter intake.
Be in pain. Be more likely to develop cystic ovaries and have delayed cyclicity —> poor
How much longer does it take a lame cow to go from calving to first service?
3-8 days
How much longer is the calving to contraception interval in lame cattle?
11-12 days
How much is the cost of a lame cattle for a farm as an individual and as a herd?
£180
£15,000
What % of revenue does muscoskeletal illnesses affect in dairy and sheep cattle
Dairy herd- 30%
Sheep flock- 10%
What environment factors affect lameness?
stall features, flooring surface, feed alley dimensions, and amount of rainfall (for cows on pasture)
What Managerial factor affect lameness?
stocking density,
handling practices along the tracks or alleys
, prolonged time spent standing while waiting to be milked,
timing of treatment relative to lameness diagnosis,
access to outdoor areas for cows housed indoors,
hoof-trimming practices
hygiene
What individual cow factors affect lameness?
low and rapid loss of body condition;
history of lameness events;
breed;
extreme behavioural, metabolic, or conformational changes
List some causes of lame in cattle
laminitis
sole ulcer
white line abscess
slurry heel
digital dermatitis
Septic arthritis
Neurological diseases
Hock and knee injuries
Stifle injuries
Hip injuries
At what stage in a cows life is septic arthritis most common?
young calves as secondary infections to umbilical infections shortly after birth from 0 to 90 days of age.
At what age is mycoplasma arthritis most common?
3–6 months of age.
What joints are most affected by mycoplasma arthritis
Tarsus and carpus
In young lambs what causes polyarthritis?
Actinobacillus seminis
Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) psittaci
and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
What causes young goats to become lame?
Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) pecorum (reclassified from Chlamydophila psittaci) and Mycoplasma mycoides
Where is the majority of the lameness from cattle
Hind feet
