HINDLIMB Flashcards
What is the main joint in the hock
Talocural joint
What bones are involved in the talocural joint?
Talus (a tarsal bone) joins with the tibia
What are the three main hip bones called
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
What is the acetabulum?
The acetabulum is a large socket on the lateral face of the hip bone that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint.
What is the Obturator foramen
large opening created by the ischium and pubis bones of the pelvis through which obturator nerve and blood vessels pass
What is the pelvic symphysis
Middle part between two coxal bones on the median line of the pelvic floor
(Only seen on ventral view)
Where is the greater trochanter of the femur?
Lateral side of proximal part of femur
Where is the lesser trochanter of the femur?
On medial side of proximal part of the femur
What is the trochanteric fossa?
The trochanteric fossa is a caudal deep notch between the root of the greater trochanter and the head of femur, in which the deep muscles of the hip insert.
What is the trochlea?
Cranial part of distal femur
Articulates with patella to form femoral patella joint
Which trochlear ridge is bigger- lateral or medial?
Medial ridge
How does the femoropatella joint work?
two cartilage covered ridges (trochlear ridges) with a groove in the middle (trochlear groove) and the underside of the patella (kneecap)
What are the medial and lateral condyles?
The medial and lateral condyles form the proximal part of the body of femur, and articulate with the proximal part of tibia to form the femorotibial joint.
Where is the supracondular fossa’s and its function
Above the condyles on the distal part of the femur
For attachment of superficial digital flexor muscle
What is the fabella
Sesamoid bones in femeropatella joint
Where is the medial malleolus
Distal end of tibia
Where is lateral malleolus
Distal end of fibula
Where is the Popliteal sesamoid bone
In fibrotibial joint
What muscles flex the hip and where is it located?
Quadriceps femoris
Front part of femur
What muscles extend the hip and where is it?
Semitendinous
Semimembraneous
Back of femur
What muscles extend the stifle and where is it located?
Quadriceps femoris
Cranial part of thigh
What muscles flex the stifle and where is it located?
Popilteus
Lateral epicondyle of femur to caudal part of tibia
What three muscles make up the hamstring group and where are they
Caudal part of femur
Biceps femoris
Semi tendinosus
Semi membraneous
What does the hamstring group do?
Flexes stifle
Extends hip
What muscles are in the gluteal muscle and what are their general functions
Hip extension and limb abduction
Superficial gluteal
Middle gluteal
Deep gluteal
Tensor fasciae late
What muscles make up the medial group of hip muscles and what do they do
Hind limb abduction
Gracilis
Pectinus
Adductor
What do the deep group of hip muscles do and where are they?
Lateral rotation of the limb
Internal obturator
Gemelli
Quadratic femoris
From ischium to trochanter fossa
What are the cranial lateral muscles of the hock and digits and what do they do
Flexion of hock/ extension of digits
Cranial tibial
Long digital extensor
Lateral digital extensor
What ar3 the caudal group of hock and digital muscles and what do they do
Gastrocnemius
Superficial digital flexor
Deep digital flexor
Extension of hock and flexion of digits
What are the main ligaments of the stifle joint?
Cranial cruciate ligament
Caudal cruciate ligament
Medial/ lateral collateral ligament
What are the main ligaments of the hip joint
Ligament of femoral head
Capsular ligament of hip joint
What are the main ligaments in the tarsal joint?
Medial collateral ligament of the tarsal joint
Lateral collateral ligament of the tarsal joint
What ,uncles does the femoral nerve supply?
Ilioposas
Sartorius
What muscle group does the gluteal nerve supply
Medial hip muscles
What muscle group does the gluteal nerve supply
Gluteal muscles
What muscles does the sciatic nerve supply?
Semimembraneous
Semitendoneous
Biceps femorus
What group of muscles does the tibial nerve supply?
Caudal group of hock and digit muscles
Gastroneumus
Superficial digital flexor
Deep digital flexor
What group of muscles does the fibular nerve supply
Cranial lateral group of hock and digit muscles
Long digital extensor
Lateral digital extensor
Cranial tibial
What blood vessel is used for IV access
Saphenous
What blood vessel is used to measure pulse
Femoral artery
What part of skin sensation does saphenous nerve supply to
Medial aspect of hindlimb
What part of skin does caudal cutaneous femoral nerve supply sensation to?
Caudal side of thigh
What part of skin does the lateral cutaneous sural nerve supply sensation to?
Sensory to skin over lateral leg region
What part of skin does the superficial peroneal nerve supply to?
Skin over dorsal aspect of leg and foot
What part of skin does deep peroneal nerve supply sensation to?
foot
What does the caudal cutaneous surplus nerve supply to?
Caudal skin of leg and hock
