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NMSK > Divisions Of The Nervous System > Flashcards

Divisions Of The Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three divisions of the NS

A

CNS
PNS
ENS

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2
Q

What is nervous tissue made up from?

A

Neuron cells
Nerve fibres
Neuroglial cells

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3
Q

What are glia cells

A

All the other cells in the nervous system

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4
Q

What are the two types of glia cells

A

Macroglia cells
Microglia cells

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5
Q

What is the function of the Microglia

A

Specialised macrophages in NS
Controls inflammation

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6
Q

What are the seven types of macroglia

A

Astrocytes
Schwann cells
Ependymal cells
Astrocytes
Satellite cells
Radial glia
Enteric glia

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7
Q

What do Astrocytes do?

A

Neuronal support
Repair damage
Controls local environment of CNS

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8
Q

What do oligendendron cells do

A

Produce myelin sheath in the CNS

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9
Q

What do Schwann cells do

A

Produce myelin sheath in the PNS

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10
Q

What do satellite cells do

A

Control environment around neurons
Supports and protects neurons

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11
Q

What is a radial glia

A

A progenitor cell so can differentiate into different types of. Ells

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12
Q

What is white matter

A

Nervous tissue covered by myelin

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13
Q

What is grey matter

A

Unmyelinated parts of the neuron

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14
Q

What is a ganglia

A

Cell bodies that join together

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15
Q

What 3 tracts in the brain are formed by white matter

A

Association fibres
Commissaral fibres
Protection fibres

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16
Q

What do the association fibres do?

A

Connects different areas of the same cortex (part of the brain)

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17
Q

What do commisural fibres do?

A

Connects identical areas of the two hemispheres

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18
Q

What do projection fibres do

A

Comments the cerebral cortex to the subcortical structures like thalamus and spinal cord

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19
Q

Where is the spinal cord more swollen and why

A

Cervical and lumbar parts of SC
More nerve bodies to supply to limb

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20
Q

What does the white matter form in spinal cord

A

Dorsal column
Ventral column

21
Q

What are the dorsal columns

A

Ascending sesnsory tracts

22
Q

What are the ventral columns

A

Descending motor columns

23
Q

What does the grey matter form

A

Dorsal horn
Lateral horn
Ventral horn

24
Q

What forms the dorsal horn

A

Sesnsory neurons

25
Q

At what point on spinal cord can you see lateral horns

A

T1- L3

26
Q

What is the lateral horn formed from,?

A

Autonomic motor neurons

27
Q

What is the ventral horn formed from

A

Cell bodies of voluntary motor neurons

28
Q

What is the meninges

A

3 membranes that surround brain and spinal cord
Dura Mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

29
Q

What is the function of meninges

A

Structural iupport for brain
Contain CSF

30
Q

How are the layers structured

A

Skull
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia
Brain

31
Q

Where is the CSF

A

In the subarachnoid space

32
Q

What are peripheral nerves in the head called

A

Cranial nn

33
Q

What are the peripheral nerves in body called

A

Spinal nn

34
Q

How many cervical nerves are there in dog

A

8

35
Q

How many thoracic nerves are there in dog

A

13

36
Q

How many lumbar nerves are there in dog

A

7

37
Q

How many caudal nerves are there in dog

A

5

38
Q

What is the structure of a spinal nerve like

A

Rami (closest to spinal cord)
Trunk
Roots (one dorsal and one ventral)

39
Q

How are cervical vertebrae numbered

A

Nerve is in front of the vertebrae
C2 nerve is in front of C2 vertebrae

40
Q

How are thoracic vertebrae labelled

A

Nerve is behind the vertebrae

41
Q

Where does the spinal cord end in the dog

A

L6/7

42
Q

Where does the spinal cord end in the horse

A

S1

43
Q

Where does the spinal cord end in the ox

A

L7

44
Q

Where does the spinal cord end in the cat

A

S1

45
Q

What is a dermatome

A

Strip of body wall innervated by single spinal nerve

46
Q

What is propriocepriom

A

The ability to know where and how your body is oeientated in space

47
Q

Which root/ horn is afferent vs efferent

A

Afferent -> sensory
Efferent -> motor

48
Q

What is the difference in efferent pathways between concious and unconscious

A

Concious it goes through the cerebrum via spinocerrebellar tracts
Unconscious it goes through the somesthetic cortex via gracile tracts

49
Q

What are the 5 receptors in proprioceprion

A

Muscle spindles
Golgi tendon organs
Joint capsules
Ligaments
Skin

NMSK (47 decks)

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