Muscles motors and movements Flashcards
What is cartilage
- connective tissue
- semi-rigid yet flexible
- generally avascular
What is cartilage composed of
- Chondrocytes
- produce extracellular matrix called collagen
- chondrocytes are nourished by diffusion from capillaries outside cartilage
What is Bone
calcified,livng connecting tissue
consists of an intercellular calcified matrix, which also contains collagen fibres and several other types of cell
functions of bone
support for the body protects vital organs storage of minerals levers on which muscles act to produce movement blood producing cell
compact bone
hard, densely packed outer layer of bone surrounding spongy bone
provides strength for weight bearing
Spongy bone
found on the inside of bone and at the end of long bones
weak part of bone
bone marrow found here
Difference between endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification
EO forms bone through cartilage intermediate while IO forms bone directly from the mesenchyme
5 types of bone
Long bones short bones flat bones irregular bones sesamoid bones
Flexion vs extension
Flexion - to bend
Extension - stretch or straighten
Dorsiflexion
movement towards the posterior surface of the foot
plantarflexion
the movement towards the anterior surface of foot
Abduction
movement of limb away from the median plane of the body
Adduction
movement of limb towards the median plane of the body
medial vs lateral rotation
medial rotation - towards the long axis of the trunk
lateral rotation - away from long axis of the trunk
Circumduction
A combination of sequence of the movement of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction
