Muscle/Movement Impairments Flashcards
Akinesia
inability to initiate movement
often seen in Parkinson’s
Asthenia
generalized weakness associated with cerebellar pathlology
Clasp-knife response
greatest resistance of ROM at initiation of range that lessens with movement
Clonus
UMN lesions
involuntary alternating spasmodic contraction of a muscle precipitated by a quick stretch reflex
Cogwheel rigidity
resistance to movement has a phasic quality
often seen in parkinsons
Dysdiadochokinesia
inability to perform rapidly alternating movements
Dysmetria
inability to control ROM and force
Dystonia
related to athetosis but there is large axial muscle involvement rather than appendicular muscles
Fasciculation
muscle twitch caused by LMN
Kinesthesia
ability to perceive the direction and extent of movement of joint or body part
lead pipe rigidity
uniform and constant resistance to ROM often associated with basal ganglia lesions
Spasticity is a component of UMN or LMN?
UMN lesions
Spasticity is characterized by…
exaggerated phasic (tendon jerks) and tonic (Spastic) stretch reflexes
Modified Ashworth Scale:
0
1
1+
2
3
4
no muscle tone
slight tone, catch and release or minimal resistance at end range in flexion or extension
slight tone with catch followed my minimal resistance throughout remainder (less than half) of the ROM
more marked increase in muscle tone through most of ROM but affected parts move easily
considerable tone making passive motion difficult
affected part is rigid