Blood Supply to the Brain

Question 1

Anterior cerebral artery supplies blood to which part of the brain?

Answer 1

anterior frontal lobe
medial surface of frontal and parietal lobes

Question 2

If there is damage or occlusion to ACA what can occur?

Answer 2

contralateral LE motor and sensory involvement
loss of bowel and bladder control
loss of behavioral inhibition
significant mental changes
neglect
aphasia
apraxia and agraphia
perseveration
akinetic mutism with significant bilateral involvement

Question 3

Akinetic mutism

Answer 3

decreased goal-oriented behavior and emotions
profound apathy, indifference to pain, thirst or hunger

Question 4

Middle cerebral artery supplies blood to which areas of the brain?

Answer 4

most of the outer cerebrum
basal ganglia
posterior and anterior internal capsule
putamen
pallidum
lentiform nucleus

Question 5

Most common site of a CVA?

Answer 5

MCA

Question 6

What happens when there is damage or occlusion of MCA?

Answer 6

Wernicke’s aphasia in dominant hemisphere
homonymous hemianopsia
apraxia
flat affect with R hemisphere damage
contralateral weakness and sensory loss of face and upper extremity with lesser involvement of LE
impaired spatial relations
anosognosia in non-dominant hemisphere
impaired body schema

Question 7

Posterior cerebral artery supplies blood where?

Answer 7

portion of midbrain
subthalamic nucleus
basal nucleus
thalamus
inferior temporal lobe
occipital and occipitoparietal cortices

Question 8

PCA damage or occlusion causes

Answer 8

contralateral pain and temperature sensory loss
contralateral hemiplegia and mild hemiparesis
ataxia, athetosis or choreiform movement
quality of movement is impaired
thalamic pain syndrome
anomia
prosopagnosia with occipital infarct
hemiballismus
visual agnosia
homonymous hemianopsia
memory impairment
alexa, dyslexia
cortical blindness from bilateral movement

Question 9

Vertebral-basilar artery supplies blood where?

Answer 9

lateral aspect of pons and midbrain together with superior surface of cerebellum.
medulla
pons
midbrain and thalamus
occipital cortex

Question 10

What happens when vertebral-basilar artery is damaged or has infarct?

Answer 10

loss of consciousness
hemiplegia or tetraplegia
comatose or vegetative state
inability to speak
locked-in syndrome
vertigo
nystagmus
dysphagia
dysarthria
syncope
ataxia

Question 11

Dominant hemisphere

Answer 11

Left side for right handed people and controls speech

Question 12

Non dominant hemisphere

Answer 12

right side for right handed people and provides spatial awareness

Question 13

athetosis

Answer 13

slow, irregular and involuntary movements affecting distal limbs

Question 14

choreiform

Answer 14

chorea like movements

Question 15

anomia

Answer 15

inability to name objects

Question 16

prosopagnosia

Answer 16

difficulty recognizing peoples faces

Question 17

Bilateral occlusion of ACA produces….
other findings…

Answer 17

paraplegia
incontinence, abulic aphasia, frontal lobe symptoms-personality changes, potential akinetic mutism

Question 18

abulic aphasia

Answer 18

lack of will, drive or initiative for action, speech or thought

Question 19

Bilateral occlusion of MCA at the stem will produce….
Dominant hemisphere impairments include…
MCA supplies …. other impairments are lobe dependent.

Answer 19

contralateral hemiplegia and sensory impairment
global, Wernicke’s and/or Broca’s aphasia
larger portion of the cortex

Question 20

Two of the most significant impairments with PCA….

Answer 20

thalamic pain syndrome
cortical blindness

Question 21

Cortical blindness

Answer 21

loss of vision due to damage to the visual portion of the occipital cortex. physical eye is normal and pupil response is still there .

Question 22

Pupil response occurs with or without influence of brain

Answer 22

without

Question 23

Severe impairments of vertebral-basilar artery occlusion

Answer 23

locked-in syndrome, coma or vegetative state
Wallenburg syndrome secondary to lateral medullary infarct

Question 24

Wallenburg syndrome

Answer 24

ipsilateral facial pain and temperature impairment
ipsilateral ataxia
vertigo
contralateral pain and temperature impairment of the body