GI Flashcards
Lower GI
small and large intestine
Gland organs
gallbladder
liver
pancreas
Rehabbing GI disease
recognize electrolyte imbalances
orthostatic hypotension
muscle cramping due to alteration in sodium-potassium pumps
difficulty swallowing secondary to disk protrusion or esophageal pathology
back pain or shoulder pain may be secondary to acute ulcer or GI bleed
Kehr’s sign=free air or blood within abdominal cavity
Rehabbing those with GERD
avoid certain exercise secondary to an increase in symptoms with activity
recumbency will induce symptoms
increased incidence of neck and head discomfort secondary to perception of lump in throat
left S/L preferred.
R S/L may promote acid flowing into esophagus
Chronic bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis may all be present with GERD
tight clothing, exercise, constipation may all precipitate GERD
certain positioning during postural drainage may encourage acid into esophagus
Gastritis symptoms are similar to GERD but
higher intensity
Rehabbing patients with Gastritis
secondary from chronic NSAIDs and may be asymptomatic
blood in stool should result in physician referral
educate patients to take medications with food and avoid certain types of food and drink
patient should avoid all aspirin-containing compounds
Peptic ulcer disease is caused by
H. pylori
chronic NSAID use
Rehabbing those with Peptic ulcer disease
fatigue
pallor
exercise tolerance must be monitored for signs of bleeding
HR increase or BP decrease may be signs of bleeding
back pain is a sign of perforated ulcer in posterior wall of stomach
pain that radiates from midthoracic area to R upper quadrant and shoulder may signify blood and acid within peritoneal cavity secondary to bleeding ulcer
Conditions associated with diarrhea
IBS
hyperthyroidism
electrolyte imbalance
endocrine disorder
incomplete obstruction of the bowel
diverticulitis
certain meds
caffeine
diet
malabsorption
pelvic inflammatory disease
Conditions associated with constipation
MS
SC tumors
IBS
DMD
endocrine disorder
diverticulitis
inactivity
bowel obstruction or fecal impaction
pregnancy
CVA
certain meds
Malabsorption conditions
celiac
CF
pancreatic carcinoma
pernicious anemia
AIDS
Crohns
Addisons
Rehabbing those with malabsorption diseases
osteoporosis
pathologic fractures
fatigue level pallor
bone pain
exercise tolerance
weight loss and abdominal bleeding
muscle spasms secondary to electrolyte imbalance
generalized swelling secondary to protein depletion
Rehabbing those with IBS
physical activity to assist with bowel function and relieve stress
breathing techniques for stress management
biofeedback
Diverticulitis involves
both diarrhea and constipation
sxs diverticulitis
abdominal pain primary symptom
tenderness over L side of lower abdomen
Rehabbing those with diverticulitis
physical activity especially during times of remission
breathing
avoid intra-abdominal pressure exercises
back or hip pain can be referred
Viruses that can cause Hepatitis
Epstein-Barr
herpes I and II
varicella-zoster
measles
Hep A
close personal contact with fecal-oral route (food)
flu like
does not progress to chronic and can recover in 6-10 weeks
Hep B
sharing of needles, sex
Hep C
sharing of needles, sex
primary etiology of chronic liver disease and eventual liver failure
manifests as Hashimotos, diabetes and corneal ulceration
If exposed to hepatitis through blood or bodily fluids must receive…
immunoglobulin therapy immediately
What precautions should be followed at all times for protection against hepatitis?
standard
What precautions should be followed for patients with hepatitis A and E?
enteric
When treating someone with hepatitis, recognize that ___ may be present and they may not typically respond to traditional therapeutic intervention.
arthralgias
What type of activities along with periods of rest should you do with someone with hepatitis?
Avoid prolonged …
balance
bed rest
When rehabbing someone with cirrhosis of the liver, recognize that ___ may develop as well as fluid in ankles and feet.
Report any __ ____.
Avoid all activities that produce _____ ____.
Adequate ____.
ascites
blood loss
Valsalva maneuver
rest
Gallbladder symptoms are in __ quadrant, with muscle guarding and what else?
Can radiate to
upper right
tenderness, rebound pain
interscapular region
Implications for PT when pts are on antibiotics?
dermatologic and respiratory reactions
hypersensitivity
Implications for PT when pts are on Anticholinergics?
changes in cognition
complaints of dry mouth, constipation, or urinary retention
Implications for PT when pts are on Antiemetics?
sedative effects
Visceral symptoms will refer to soft tissue within the same ____ the corresponds to organ’s spinal cord innervation.
dermatome
Visceral pain is transmitted via autonomic nervous system and will be accompanied by
nausea
vomiting
pallor or sweating
Gastric ulcer will display pain where?
L upper quadrant
Hepatomegaly will display pain where?
R upper quadrant
Perforated colon will display pain where?
L lower quadrant
and/or
L upper quadrant
Kidney stone will display pain where?
R lower quadrant
Ureteral stone will display pain where?
R lower quadrant
Ileitis will display pain where?
L lower quadrant
Duodenal ulcer will display pain where?
R upper quadrant
Pneumonia will display pain where?
L upper quadrant
and/or
R upper quadrant
Cholecystitis will dipslay pain where?
R upper quadrant
and/or
R lower quadrant
sigmoid diverticulitis will display pain where?
L lower quadrant
Meckel diverticulum will display pain where?
R lower quadrant
Appendicitis will display pain where?
R lower quadrant
Kidney stone will display pain where?
L lower quadrant
Spleen injury will display pain where?
L upper quadrant
Hepatitis will display pain where?
R upper quadrant
Ureteral stone will display pain where?
L lower quadrant
aortic aneurysm will display pain where?
L upper quadrant
biliary stones will display pain where?
R upper quadrant
Intestinal obstruction will display pain where?
L lower quadrant
and/or
R lower quadrant
Mesentery
fold of peritoneum that carries blood vessels, lymph and attaches various organs to abdominal wall.
Varices
large, swollen veins that develop in esophagus or stomach that cause internal bleeding
