MSK- Elbow Flashcards
Different elbow angles?
normal- female (10-15 deg) male (5-10 deg)
excessive cubitis valgus- 30 deg
cubitus varus- -5 degs
gun stock deformity- -15 deg
3 joints of the elbow
ulnohumoeral
radiohumeral
proximal radioulnar
Ulnar collateral tear- special test
valgus stress test: 20-30 deg flexion, biases collateral lig not the jt capsule
Ulnar collateral tear- interventions
activity mod
correcting faulty technique
decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing (medial strapping of the elbow)
strengthening (focus on forearm flexors and pronators)
restore ROM
most common dislocation
posterior dislocation- UCL and RCL tear
What do you have to do with any dislocation of the arm?
check vascular supply as that can be affected with dislocation
Nursemaids elbow- etiology
longitudinal traction with wrist pronation. The annular lig is not fully formed and results in subluxation
Nursemaids elbow- interventions
reduction of subluxed radial head (hyperpronation or supination/ flexion maneuver or compressive manipulation on radius with arm in supination)
What two conditions increase the likelihood of bursitis?
RA and Gout
Olecranon bursitis- interventions
NSAIDs
corticosteroid injection
aspiration
antibiotic (if infected)
bursectomy
Lateral epicondylosis (tennis elbow)- common muscle involvement
extensor carpii radialis brevis tendon
Lateral epicondylosis (tennis elbow)- special tests
Cozen’s test
Mill’s test
Maudsleys
Lateral epicondylosis (tennis elbow)- DDXs
cervical radiopathy C5-C6
radial nerve entrapement
musculocutaneous nerve tunnel syndrome
supraspinatus referral
radial head fracture
readiohumeral synovitis
Lateral epicondylosis (tennis elbow)- interventions
activity modification
counterforce brace
stretching
strenghtening (eccentric)
mobilisations
cross-friction massage
pain modalities
medial epicondylosis (golfers elbow)- common muscle involvement
pronator teres and flexor carpi radialis tendon
medial epicondylosis (golfers elbow)- special tests
medial epicondylitis
resisted wrist flexion
resisted pronation
medial epicondylosis (golfers elbow)- interventions
activity mod
stretching
strenghtening (eccentric)
mobilisations
cross-friction massage
pain modalities
Medial nerve injuries
humerus supracondylar process syndrome- under the ligament of struthers
pronator syndrome- b/w the two heads of the pronator teres muscle
anterior interosseous nerve syndrome- b/w the two heads of the pronator muscle
Ulnar nerve injury
cubital tunnel syndrome- entrapement in cubital tunnel or between two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
cubital tunnel syndrome- special tests
cubital tunnel compression
tinnel’s test at the elbow
elbow flexion test
Which of the median nerve injuries is classified by the “pinch deformity”
anterior interosseous nerve syndrome
Radial nerve injury
radial tunnel syndrome- may mimic tennis elbow
entrapment at a number of places
