Cardio Signs/ Conditions

Question 1

Homan’s Sign

Answer 1

ankle dorsiflexion causing pain indicating a DVT

Question 2

Buergers test

Answer 2

pain and paleness with leg elevation (assesses arterial sufficiency)

Question 3

Egophony

Answer 3

Patient repeats “E” and it sounds like “A” when auscultating- indicates consolidation

Question 4

Whispered pectoriloquy

Answer 4

whispered words change to sound clearer over areas with consolidation (usually muffled over normal lung tissue)

Question 5

Bronchophony

Answer 5

increased intensity and clarity over consolidation

Question 6

Blue bloater

Answer 6

chronic bronchitis (obstructive)

Question 7

Increased PaCOs and decreased PaO2

Answer 7

obstructive

Question 8

Decreased PaCO2 and PaO2

Answer 8

restrictive

Question 9

pink puffer, barrel chest

Answer 9

emphysema (obstructive)

Question 10

wheezing

Answer 10

asthma, bronchitis (obstructive)

Question 11

foul-smelling mucus

Answer 11

bronchiectasis (obstructive)

Question 12

Late fine inspiratory crackles with increased RR (bilateral)

Answer 12

interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (restrictive)

Question 13

decreased or absent breathing sounds with fine crackles (unilateral)

Answer 13

actelectasis (restrictive)

Question 14

severe dyspnea, diffuse wheezes, inspiratory crackles

Answer 14

acute respiratory distress syndrome (restrictive)

Question 15

Hyper-resonant, decreased breathing sounds

Answer 15

pneumothorax (restrictive)

Question 16

abnormal fluid collection in pleural space

Answer 16

pleural effusion (restrictive)

Question 17

low weight, salty sweat, productive chronic cough, purulent mucus if infection

Answer 17

cystic fibrosis

Question 18

fever, cyanosis, dyspnea

Answer 18

pneumonia

Question 19

2 week cough, dry to start then productive blood/ mucus

Answer 19

TB

Question 20

elevated ST-segment

Answer 20

previous MI

Question 21

depressed ST-segment

Answer 21

ischemia

Question 22

peripheral edema and jugular distension

Answer 22

Right sided HF

Question 23

Fluid in the lungs (Cardiac cause) (pulmonary edema)

Answer 23

Left sided HF

Question 24

orthopnea and cough with pink frothy sputum (cardiogenic). Cardiomegaly (increased size of heart b/c of LHF)

Answer 24

pulmonary edema

Question 25

sudden dyspnea, chest pain, increased RR

Answer 25

Pumonary embolism

Question 26

coldness, decreased hair growth

Answer 26

PVD

Question 27

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Answer 27

a condition in which the left ventricle, the heart’s main pumping chamber, is enlarged (dilated).
shortness of breath/malaise, Fast, fluttering or pounding heartbeat (palpitations)

Question 28

hypercapnia (Increased CO2)

Answer 28

acidic

Question 29

pleural rubbing

Answer 29

caused by plurisy/pluritis (pneumonia)

Question 30

bronchial sounds

Answer 30

normal sounds (exhale) usually at the trachial

Question 31

Causes of pleural effusion

Answer 31

Heart failure, cancer, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism

Question 32

Pulmonary edema

Answer 32

caused by heart or kidney failure.

Question 33

what causes respiratory acidosis

Answer 33

failure to ventilate or CO2 accumulation

Question 34

what causes respiratory alkalosis

Answer 34

hyperventilation, fever, pregnancy