Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

Type 1 vs Type 2

A

1;Pancreases fails to produce insulin
2; Pancreases fails to produce insulin and there is resitance to insulin (more common)

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2
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Drop in blood glucose <3.9mmol/L

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3
Q

Hyperglycemia S&S

A

Polydipsia (increased thirst)
Polyphagia (frequent hunger)
Polyuria (increase volume of urine)
Fatigue
Blurred vision
Delayed healing

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4
Q

Hypoglycemia S&S- Autonomic

A

Sweating
Nausea
Tremors
Warmth
Anxiety
Palpitations
Hunger

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5
Q

Hypoglycemia S&S Neuroglycopenic

A

Headache
Blurred vision
Confusion
Weakness
Fatigue
Difficulty speaking
Seizures
Coma

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6
Q

Diabetic Complications- Cardiovascular

A

increased risk of CVD, CAD, MI, PVD, atherosclerotic plaque resulting in less blood to organs

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7
Q

Peripheral Neuropathy

A

Damage to the small vessels supplying the nerves causing sensory and motor neuron disturbances
“Glove or stocking” distributions of sensory loss or abnormal sensation (numbness, tingling, burning)
May cause balance issues
Charcot foot (# in foot without knowing)
High risk of ulcers resulting infection and may lead to amputation

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8
Q

Autonomic neuropathy

A

Impaired fxn of perierhal nerves of the ANS
Blunted HR and BP
High resting HR
Impaired peripheral vasodilation, poor sweating and poor thermal regulation
Increased incidence of orthostatic hypothension
Increased risk of post exercise hypotension

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9
Q

Diabetic Retnopathy

A

Damage to retina because of small vessel damage
Leading to blindness
Avoid sudden increase in BP

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10
Q

Diabetic Nephoropathy

A

Kidney damage and loss of fxn
High protein concentration in urine

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11
Q

PT management - education

A

Foot care
- inspect skin
- check shoes
- skin care

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12
Q

PT management- exercise effects

A

Increase insulin sensitivity
Decrease insulin resistance
Increase insulin uptake
Improve blood glucose control
Decrease risk of diabetic complications

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13
Q

diabetic exercise parameters- aerobic

A

F;3-7 days/ week
I; 50-80% of VO2R
T; 20-60 mins
T; emphasis on large muscle groups

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14
Q

diabetic exercise parameters- resistance exercises

A

F; 2-3 days with 48 hours inbetween
I; 2-3 sets of 8-12 reps @ 60-80% of 1RPM
T; varies
T; tailor exercise program according to co-morbidities and precautions

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