Bone Diseases

Question 1

Osteoporosis

Answer 1

Metabolic disease that presents with decreased bone mass (density) and micro architectural deterioration

Post menopausal women

Question 2

Classifications of Osteoporosis

Answer 2

Primary (Type 1- post menopausal, Type 2- senile)
Secondary (due to another condition or medication)

Question 3

Modifiable characteristics

Answer 3

Sedentary lifestyle (inadequate loading
Diet (deficient in calcium and vit D)
Smoking
Caffeine
Alcohol abuse
Amenorrhea

Question 4

Non-modifiable Osteroporosis

Answer 4

Age
Gender
Race (Caucasian and Asian)
Menopausal
Family history
Small skeletal frame
Amenorrhea

Question 5

Diagnosis of osteoporosis

Answer 5

Dexa t score (Comparing bone density to the global average)
- anything less than -2.5

Question 6

Impact of Osteoporsis

Answer 6

Bone fractures (vertebral most prominent and then hip and radial)
Compression fractions (decrease in height)
Postural changes (increased kyphosis, dowagers hump)
Back Pain
Decreased mobility

Question 7

Interventiosn for Osteoporsis

Answer 7

Postural education (avoid flexion as much as possible)
Falls prevention
Strength training (avoid flexion)
Weight bearing exercises (walking, squats, jogging- increases bone density)
Lifestyle modifications
Diet
Supplementation
Pharmacological (refer to physican)

Question 8

Osteomalacia

Answer 8

A metabolic bone disease which results in softening of bones due to decalcification of bones
Due to poor calcium absorption or intake

Question 9

Osteomalacia S&S

Answer 9

Pain
Aching
Fatigue
Weight loss
Weakness
Possible deformities (increased kyphosis, bowing of lower extremities)
High risk o fractures

Question 10

Osteomalacia interventions

Answer 10

Pharmacological and or nutritional interventions to address underlying etiology
Strength training
Bone protection stretagoes

Question 11

Paget’s disease (Osteitis Deformans)

Answer 11

Metabolic bone disease involving abnormal osteoclast activity followed by disorganized remodeling
Leads to enlarged and misshapen bone
Bones apprear large but ack structural integrity

Question 12

Characteristics of Pagets

Answer 12

Pain
Misshapen bones
#s
arthritis

Question 13

Interventiosn

Answer 13

Pharmacological interventions for pain control and limiting osteoclast activity (not in PT scope)
Postural re-education
Exercise therapy
- strengthening
- stretching
- aerobic activity (swimming)

Question 14

Osteomyelitis

Answer 14

Inflammation in bone due to infection
Through blood stream, open fracture, surgery

Question 15

Osteomyelitis S&S

Answer 15

Fever
Tenderness, redness, warmth swelling in area affected
Loss of ROM in affected in jt

Question 16

Interventiosn for Osteomyelitis

Answer 16

Antibodies
Surgery
ROM exercises

Question 17

Osteogenesis imperfecta (Brittle Bone disease)

Answer 17

Genetic bone disease, congenital, characterized by fragile bones
Bones are not made well

Question 18

Brittle bone characteristics

Answer 18

Frequent #s
Bone deformity and bone pain
Low bone density
Short stature (decrease bone growth in length)
Scoliosis
Ligament laxity
Muscle weakness
Fatigue
Cardiac and respiratory issues
Dental, vision, and hearing problems

Question 19

Brittle bone Interventions

Answer 19

Goals- minimize #s, enhance independent function, and promote general health
# care
Strengthening
Low impact aerobic conditioning
Assistive devices
Surgery if needed (ORIF, correcting bone deformities like bowing, spinal stabilizations
Diet

Question 20

Precautions when treating Brittle Bone disease

Answer 20

Never Pull or push on a limb or bend in an awkward position
When a # I suspected, minimize handling area
Handle Babie with extra care

Question 21

what are the bone diseases (5)

Answer 21

Osteoporosis
Osteomyelitis
Osteomalacia
Paget’s Disease (Osteitis Deformans)
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Brittle Bone)