MOL BIO LAB L3 & 4 (Prelim- DNA Mutation) Flashcards
A region of DNA that encodes function
Gene
TRUE OR FALSE: Mutation carry the information that determines your trait, which are features or characteristics that are passed on to you or inherited from your parents
FALSE. Genes carry the information that determines your trait
One or two or more versions of a gene; an individual inherits two of these for each gene, one from each parent
Alleles
Specific physical location of a gene or other DNA sequence on a chromosome
Locus
A difference in DNA sequence among
individuals, groups, or populations
Genetic Polymorphism
Involves one of two or more variants of a
particular DNA sequence
Genetic Polymorphism
This is the most common type of Genetic Polymorphism
Variation at a single base pair
If a difference in DNA sequence among individuals has been shown to just be associated with diseases it will usually be called a
genetic mutation
Changes in the DNA sequence that have been confirmed to be caused by external agents are also generally called
mutations
Polymorphisms arise through?
mutations
A permanent alteration of a nucleotide
sequence of a gene
Mutation
A change in DNA sequence of the Genome of a particular organism
Mutation
The presence of more than one allele at a particular locus in a particular population
Polymorphism
Polymorphism is a variant t that is present in at least _____ to ____of a population
1% to 2%
Mutations can either be?
hereditary or acquired
A physical event so it can happen to just one person so there is a permanent alteration of a nucleotide or sequence of a gene in that one particular person.
But if it’s a population attribute it is?
mutation; polymorphism
DNA variants that can occur due to errors in DNA replication or external factors such as UV and chemical
mutation and polymorphism
A sequence of two or more DNA based pairs that is repeated in such a way that the repeats lie adjacent to each other on the chromosome
Tandem repeats
Generally associated with non-coding DNA
Tandem repeats
This type of DNA Polymorphism is used in DNA fingerprinting procedures
Tandem repeats
Which does not belong to the group:
Example of standard repeats include
- simple sequence repeats (SSRs)
- microsatellites
- Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)
- mini satellites
Short Tandem Repeats (STR’s)
Areas within the genome in which
variation is normal and healthy.
Polymorphism
Are very short stretches of DNA that are repeated back to back at various locations throughout the human genome
Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)
The maximum number of base pairs in Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)
16
For any specific STR, each person will have how many copies?
two copies: 1 inherited from the mother at conception and 1 inherited from the father
These are helpful in forensic and paternity testing because these have a lot of natural variations
Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)
The analysis of why chromosomes STRs and paternity testing or potential paternal relationships is very important
especially in cases in which?
a potential father is not available and sexual assault cases where chromosome STRs are used to identify the male offender