Module 9 Part 2 Seasonal Influenza – Treatment for those at Risk

Question 1

What is the primary treatment for influenza in most healthy individuals?

Answer 1

In most healthy individuals, influenza is self-limiting and can be managed with rest, fluid intake, and non-prescription analgesics.

Question 2

When should antiviral medications be considered for influenza treatment?

Answer 2

Antiviral medications should be considered when influenza is known to be circulating and the individual is at risk of developing complications.

Question 3

What is the recommended time frame for initiating antiviral treatment for influenza?

Answer 3

Antiviral treatment should be initiated within 36-48 hours of symptom onset. In cases of severe, complicated, or progressive disease, the 48-hour window for treatment initiation may be extended.

Question 4

Who is recommended to receive antiviral treatment, especially when healthy adults are considered?

Answer 4

Antiviral treatment is recommended for more complicated moderate-severe presentations, individuals with risk factors, and those with underlying comorbidities, including chronic pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, immunocompromised conditions, hemoglobinopathies, metabolic diseases, and individuals living in closed or semi-closed institutionalized settings.

Question 5

What are the potential side effects and precautions associated with zanamivir?

Answer 5

Some patients using zanamivir have experienced bronchospasm or serious breathing problems, especially those with asthma or COPD. It is not recommended for use in these patients, but if used, they should have a fast-acting inhaled bronchodilator available.