Module 3 Screening Guidelines Flashcards
Who should get screened for breast cancer according to the Ontario Breast Screening Program?
If you are aged 50 to 74, the program recommends screening every 2 years with mammography.
If you are aged 30 to 69 and meet eligibility criteria for the High Risk Ontario Breast Screening Program, the program recommends annual screening with mammography and breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or screening breast ultrasound if MRI is not medically appropriate.
Who should consider referral to the High Risk Ontario Breast Screening Program if they are between the ages of 30 and 69?
Consider referral if you meet any of the following criteria:
You have a known gene mutation that increases your risk for breast cancer (e.g., BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, PTEN, CDH1).
You are a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child) of someone with a gene mutation increasing their breast cancer risk.
You have a personal or family history of breast or ovarian cancer.
You received chest radiation therapy for another condition before age 30, at least 8 years ago.
Additionally, for every 200 women screened in the Ontario Breast Screening Program, about 18 are referred for further tests, and 1 will be diagnosed with breast cancer.
What is cancer screening, and why is it important for colorectal cancer?
Cancer screening is testing for individuals at risk of cancer, even if they have no symptoms. Colorectal cancer screening is crucial because most cases occur in people over 50, often without a family history of the disease. Early detection greatly improves the chances of curing colorectal cancer.
What is the recommended age to start screening for colorectal cancer for most people, and why?
Most people should begin colorectal cancer screening at age 50 because research shows that the majority of those diagnosed are older than 50, and early detection increases the likelihood of a cure.
How does getting screened for colorectal cancer benefit individuals?
Getting screened helps detect colorectal cancer early when it’s more likely to be curable. When caught early, 9 out of 10 people with colorectal cancer can be cured. Without screening, individuals could have colorectal cancer without knowing it.
What are the recommended screening options for individuals at average risk of colorectal cancer?
For people at average risk (50 to 74 years old with no first-degree relative with colorectal cancer), the recommended screening options are:
Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) every 2 years
Flexible sigmoidoscopy (every 10 years) as an alternative to FIT
Who is considered to be at increased risk for colorectal cancer, and what screening method is recommended for them?
Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer involving first-degree relatives (parent, sibling, or child) are considered at increased risk. They should start screening with colonoscopy at age 50 or 10 years earlier than the age their relative was diagnosed, whichever comes first.
What is the recommended screening test for people at high risk of lung cancer?
People at high risk of lung cancer should undergo a low-dose CT scan, which uses a small amount of radiation.
Is lung cancer screening suitable for everyone?
No, lung cancer screening is not for everyone. Individuals not at high risk of getting lung cancer should avoid screening, as it may have more risks than benefits for them.
Who qualifies for lung cancer screening based on age and smoking history?
You may qualify for lung cancer screening if you are:
Between 55 and 74 years old
Have smoked cigarettes every day for at least 20 years, even if not continuously (i.e., it does not have to be 20 years in a row)
What is the recommended age range for individuals to be eligible for lung cancer screening?
People between the ages of 55 and 74 are eligible for lung cancer screening if they meet the other criteria.
