Module 9 Part 2 Croup MUMS

Question 1

Is croup typically caused by a bacterial or viral infection in children?

Answer 1

Croup in children is typically caused by a viral infection.

Question 2

What is the recommended treatment for mild to moderate croup in children?

Answer 2

Corticosteroids are recommended. A single oral dose of dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg) is effective and usually leads to improvement within a few hours.

Question 3

What treatment is indicated for severe croup in children, and why?

Answer 3

In severe croup, epinephrine via nebulizer is indicated due to its rapid onset of action, especially when the anti-inflammatory effects of steroids may take longer. Discharge may be considered if symptoms do not recur after 2-3 hours.

Question 4

Are mist therapy, antibiotics, and short-acting β2-agonist bronchodilators commonly used in the treatment of croup in children?

Answer 4

No, mist therapy (e.g., “croup kettles”), antibiotics, and short-acting β2-agonist bronchodilators are rarely indicated in the treatment of croup in children due to the low incidence of bacterial infection.