Mnemonics

Question 1

Atomic mass = mass number. M=M (P+N)

Atomic weight = weighted average W=W (I ~# of N)

Answer 1

Atomic mass is nearly synonymous with mass number. Atomic weight is a weighted average of naturally occurring isotopes of that element.

Atomic mass = mass number. M=M (Protons & Neutrons)

Atomic weight = weighted average W=W (Isotopes = defer in # of neutrons)

Question 2

As electrons go from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, they get AHED:

Answer 2

Absorb light
Higher potential
Excited
Distant (from the nucleus)

Question 3

Think of the quantum numbers as becoming more specific as one goes from n to l to m to m .

Answer 3

This is like an address: one lives in a particular state (n), in a particular city (l), on a particular
street (m ), at a particular house number (m ).

Question 4

Functional groups are arranged in order of priority as follows: Carboxylic acid > anhydride > _____ > amide > aldehyde > _____ > alcohol > alkene or alkyne > ______

Answer 4

Carboxylic acid > anhydride > ester > amide > aldehyde > ketone > alcohol > alkene or alkyne > alkane

Question 5

______ is a peptide hormone, and it has to be released at every meal in order to be active. Thus, it has fast onset but is short-acting (like most peptide hormones). Estrogen and _______ are steroid hormones that promote sexual maturation. This is a slower, but longer-lasting change (as is true for most steroid hormones).

Answer 5

Insulin

testosterone

Question 6

Most peptide and amino acid-derivative hormones have names that end in –___ or –ine (insulin, vasopressin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and so on). Most steroid hormones have names that end in –one, –__, or –oid (testosterone, aldosterone and other mineralocorticoids, cortisol and other glucocorticoids, and so on).

Answer 6

in

ol,

Question 7

Products of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pituitary: 
FLAT PEG
• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
• Luteinizing hormone (LH)
• \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• Prolactin
• \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 
• Growth hormone (GH)

Additionally, the four hormones in
FLAT are all tropic hormones, while the
three hormones in PEG are all direct
hormones.

Answer 7

anterior pituitary: 
FLAT PEG
• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
• Luteinizing hormone (LH)
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• Prolactin
• Endorphins
• Growth hormone (GH)

Additionally, the four hormones in
FLAT are all tropic hormones, while the
three hormones in PEG are all direct
hormones.

Question 8

Calcitonin tones _____ calcium levels in the blood

Answer 8

down

Question 9

Functions of the corticosteroids:

The 3 S’s

Answer 9

Functions of the corticosteroids: 
The 3 S’s
• Salt (mineralocorticoids)
• Sugar (glucocorticoids)
• Sex (cortical sex hormones)

Question 10

Glucagon levels are high when glucose is ______.

Answer 10

gone.

Question 11

The “litest” anions have the fewest _____; the heaviest anions ate the most ______

Answer 11

oxygens