MicroBio 17: Microbial Ecology and Interactions

Question 1

• study of interations between microbes and their environment

Answer 1

Microbial Ecology

Question 2

• a collection of organisms and its surrounding physical and chemical factors

Answer 2

Ecosystem

Question 2

• the physical location in the environment to which the organism is adapted

Answer 2

Habitat

Question 2

Two (2) Microbial Associations

Answer 2

Symbiotic and Non-symbiotic

Question 2

• the over-all role that a species (or population) serves in a community

Answer 2

Niche

Question 3

• organisms live in close nutritional relationships required by one or more members

Answer 3

Symbiotic Relationship

Question 4

• beneficial to both partners

Answer 4

mutualism

Question 5

• an association where bacteria fixes atmospheric nitrogen (N2) and convert it to a form that can be utilized by the plant (NO)

Answer 5

Rhizobium - legume association

Question 6

another example of mutualism where wood-consuming termites depend upon symbiotic protozoans living in their intestines to digest cellulose

Answer 6

microbe-termite association

Question 7

Ruminants and their rumen microorganisms secreting the necessary enzymes for cellulose degradation that ruminants are able to utilize roughage is called

Answer 7

microbe-ruminant association

Question 8

• a mutualistic association between fungus and roots of a plant
• the plant provides the fungus with carbohydrates, and the plant gains the benefits of the mycelium’s higher absorptive capacity for water and mineral nutrients

Answer 8

fungus-root association (mycorrhizae)

Question 9

Two types of mycorrhizae

Answer 9

Endomycorrhizae and Ectomycorrhizae

Question 10

• symbiotic association of fungus (mycobiont) and a photosynthetic partner (photobiont/green alga e.g. Trebouxia) or Cyanobacterium such as Nostoc

Answer 10

Alga-fungus association (lichen)

Question 11

• one partner benefits while the other remains unaffected

Answer 11

Commensalism

Question 12

The benefits a commensal may enjoy:

Answer 12

a. favorable residence
b. transportation
c. supply of utilizable nutrients

E.g. barnacle-commensal-scallop-host
epiphytes - commensal - plants/tree - host

Question 13

• beneficial to 1 (parasite) and harmful to the other (host)

Answer 13

Parasitism

Question 14

A relationship where organisms are free-living; relationsip not required for survival

Answer 14

Non-symbiotic Relationship

Question 15

• interrelationship between 2 or more organisms that benefit them

Answer 15

Synergism

Question 16

Synergism produce a result that none of them could do alone, also termed as

Answer 16

Syntrophic relationship

Question 17

combination of organisms product tissue damage that 1 could not do by itself is called

Answer 17

Negative synergism

Question 18

anaerobic methane oxidation by methanogenic and sulfate-reducing prokaryotes, and microbially mediated pyrite is called

Answer 18

Positive synergism

Question 19

• an association between free-living species where members compete
  e.g. one microbe secretes chemicals in an environment that inhibit or destroy another microbe in the same habitat
• Penicillium and bacterium

Answer 19

Antagonism

Question 20

time check?

Answer 20

time na umamin