Micro Lecture 9 - Algae Flashcards
The members of the algae are classified under 3 kingdoms. Enumerate the 3 kingdoms.
- Monera
- Protista
- Plantae
Can algae produce their own food? Why?
Yes, because they are autotrophic.
Algae has true roots and a vascular system to circulate water and nutrients throughout their body.
True or False?
False
Algae are microscopic organisms only.
True or False
False
Example of a macroscopic multicellular algae.
Giant Kelp - Sargassum
Examples of unicellular microscopic algae (4)
- Diatoms
- Spirogyra
- Euglenoids
- Dinoflagellates
Prokaryotic algae
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Microscopic algae reproduce generally through _______, ________, and ________.
- Fragmentation
- Binary Fission
- Mitosis
Microscopic algae produce _______ spores.
Motile spores
Example of aggregate algae
Volvox
Example of filamentous algae
Spirogyra
Example of unicellular algae
Diatoms
The 5 algal groups
- Cyanophyta / Cyanobacteria
- Euglenophyta
- Pyrrophyta
- Chrysophyta
- Chlorophyta
In many Asian countries, __________ is valued for human consumption.
Spirogyra spp.
Volvox serve as good for aquatic organisms, especially the microscopic invertebrates called _______.
Rotifers
Believed to be the precursor of higher plants
Chlorophyta
The chlorophyll of the chlorophyta.
Chlorophyll a, b
Examples of chlorophyta
Volvox and Spirogyra
The reserve materials of the chlorophyta
Starch
The cell wall of the Chlorophyta is made with _________.
Cellulose
known as an important source of natural bioactive compounds for antibiotic,
antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic purposes.
Spirogyra
A species under Chrysophyta that causes fish kills.
Prymnesium parvum
The common name of Synura
Golden-brown algae
The common name of Prymnesium parvum
Golden algae
Golden algae that is a primary source of food for zooplanktons
Synura sp.
Algae under Chrysophyta
- Diatoms
- Golden-brown algae
- Yellow-green algae
Algae that is responsible for 20% of global carbon fixation and marine primary productivity.
Diatoms
Diatoms are used for filtration.
True or False
True. The fine structures of diatom shells trap foreign particles in fluids such as dirt, lint, hair, and some other microscopic organisms.
________ are often used to filter water, particularly water in hot tubs and swimming pools.
Diatoms
Chrysophyta is under what kingdom?
Kingdom Protista
What algal group does the fire algae belong to?
Pyrrophyta
Pyrrophyta is also called as _________________.
Dinoflagellates
Dinoflagellates are eukaryotic.
True or False
True
Despite being red in color, dinoflagellates are photosynthetic.
True or False
True
The cell wall of dinoflagellates are made with ____________.
Cellulose
The reserve material of dinoflagellates.
Starch
Pigments that the dinoflagellates have (5)
- chlorophyll A
- C1
- C2
- pyridinine
- fucoxantin
Species under Pyrrophyta
Gonyaulax and Gymnodium
____________ are responsible for red tides.
Dinoflagellates
Dinoflagellates secrete neurotoxins and cause __________ in humans.
Paralytic shellfish poison (PSP)
_________ affects the nervous system and paralyzes muscles
Biotoxin
Some taxonomists classify this algae under bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria can produce their own food and oxygen.
True or False
True
Cyanobacteria that can be used as fertilizer in rice paddies. (4)
- Nostoc
- Anabaena
- Oscillatoria
- Spirulina
Why are some cyanobacteria used as fertilizers in ride paddies?
They fix nitrogen from the atmosphere.
Most species of algae are not harmful, but sometimes certain types blood and produce toxins in excessive amounts.
True or False
True
Excessive amounts of toxins produced by algal bloom can cause harm to human and pet health, aquatic ecosystems, and local economies.
True or False
True
Examples of blue-green algae that produce toxins capable of causing illness in humans and animals.
- Microcystis
- Aphanizomenon
Illnesses caused by blue-algae toxins.
- Gastroenteritis
- Neurological disorders
- Cancer (possibly)
Examples of blue-green algae (8)
- Oscillatoria
- Anabaena sp.
- Pseudoanabaena sp.
- Calothrix sp.
- Synechocystis sp.
- Limnothrix sp.
- Nostoc
Some cyanobacteria are beneficial, and serve as sources of food in some countries.
True or False
True
Species of blue-green algae that are cultivated and consumed as foodstuff in some countries like China and Brazil
Nostoc
Cyanobacteria is the eukaryotic.
True or False
False
Cyanobacteria is the only algal group that is prokaryotic.
True or False
True
Protists that are widespread inhabitants of fresh and marine waters, surface of soil, rocks, and plants, hot springs, and snow banks.
Algae
