Memory: retrieval failure

Question 1

What is retrieval failure?

Answer 1

-forgetting things because of a lack of cues

Question 2

What do cues do?

Answer 2

-help access the memory

Question 3

What is the encoding-specificity principle?

Answer 3

-information present at learning should be present at recall to aid memory

Question 4

What is context-dependent forgetting?

Answer 4

-where we are can act as a cue

Question 5

What is state-dependent forgetting?

Answer 5

-how we feel can act as a cue

Question 6

What are some things in support for retrieval failure?

Answer 6

-Goodwin:
.participants learnt words sober or drunk, they were then tested either sober or drunk and the recall was worse if tested where they didn’t learn
-Godden and Baddley:
.participants learnt words on land or underwater, they were then tested either on land or underwater and the recall was worse if tested in a different place to where they learnt

Question 7

What doesn’t support retrieval failure?

Answer 7

-retrieval cues don’t always work (so many different cues present at time of learning) so It is impossible to know which cues were coded along with the information