Issues and debates: culture bias Flashcards
What is culture bias?
.tendency to ignore cultural differences and interpret all phenomena through the lens of one’s own culture.
What does culture bias believe?
.one culture is superior and behaviours that don’t conform to western behaviour is abnormal.
What is ethnocentrism?
.seeing the world from only ones own cultural perspective and believing it’s correct and normal.
What is cultural relativism?
.insists that behaviour can be properly understood if cultural context is broken down into consideration.
What are the two types of approaches within cultural bias as a topic?
.emic approach
.etic approach
What is an emic approach?
.looks at behaviour from outside of a culture, behaviour focuses on the universal of human behaviour.
What is an etic approach?
.looks at behaviour from inside of a cultural system.
.approaches specific to a given culture and vary from one culture to another.
What is imposed etic?
.a culture specific idea that’s wrongly imposed on another culture.
What are the causes of culture bias?
.males are more likely to get their work published.
.industrialised, rich western cultured men apply for research funding.
What are the consequences of culture bias?
.if one culture is used in a study and the findings are applied and generalised to all other cultures the results become inaccurate because they don’t relate to every other culture - conclusions not culturally relative.
.focusing on one cultures social norms can be damaging to other cultures because they can seen to be abnormal because the behaviour is not the same.
.prejudice against certain types of people
.led to racism within society.
What is a collectivist culture?
.act as a group, follow the group and decisions are made as a group.
What is an individualist culture?
.focus on self, don’t rely on anyone else to make decisions.
What is happening to collectivist cultures?
.may be disappearing because generations are becoming increasingly selfish.
.people don’t want to rely on others.
What are the solutions to culture bias?
.some behaviours are universal - biological explanations can be applied universally.
.use of emic approaches.
What is a topic example?
.strange situation -reflects a western culture
.van izendoorm: meta-analysis study showed norms ranged from each country, what was seen to be the best type in one country wasn’t the same in another.
