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School > Med Term 15 > Flashcards

Med Term 15 Flashcards

1
Q

means the evaluation or appraisal of a condition.

A

assessment

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2
Q

the four key indications that the body systems are functioning. include temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure

A

vital signs

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3
Q

average normal reading is 98.6 F, or 37 C

A

temperature

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4
Q

an abnormally low body temperature

A

hypothermia

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5
Q

means heat

A

therm/o

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6
Q

an extremely high fever

A

hyperthermia

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7
Q

the rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart

A

pulse

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8
Q

the number of complete respirations per minute

A

respiratory rate

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9
Q

the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries

A

blood pressure

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10
Q

device used to measure a blood pressure

A

sphygmomanometer

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11
Q

the top reading of a blood pressure

A

systolic

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12
Q

the bottom reading of a blood pressure

A

diastolic

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13
Q

considered to be the fifth vital sign

A

pain

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14
Q

means listening for sounds within the body and is usually performed through a stethoscope

A

auscultation

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15
Q

means to listen

A

auscult/o

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16
Q

means the process of

A

-tion

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17
Q

an abnormal rattle or crackle like respiratory sound heard during inspiration

A

rale, aka crackle

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18
Q

an abnormal sound heard while listening to the chest during inspiration, expiration, or both. low pitched, whistle like, or similar to snoring, caused by partial obstruction of the airway

A

rhonchus

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19
Q

an abnormal high-pitched harsh sound heard during inhalation. the result of a partial blockage of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea

A

stridor

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20
Q

an abnormal sound heard during auscultation of an artery, usually due to partially blocked, narrowed, or diseased artery, or blood flowing through graft, fistula, or shunt

A

bruit

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21
Q

an abnormal heart sound that is most commonly a sign of abnormal function of the heart valves

A

heart murmur

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22
Q

normal noises made by the intestines

A

abdominal sounds, aka bowel sounds

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23
Q

an examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

A

palpation

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24
Q

a diagnostic procedure designed to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the fingers

A

percussion

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25
Q

an instrument used to examine the interior of the eye

A

ophthalmoscope

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26
Q

means eye

A

ophthalm/o

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27
Q

an instrument used to visually examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane

A

otoscope

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28
Q

an instrument used to enlarge the opening of any canal or cavity to facilitate inspection of its interior

A

speculum

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29
Q

an instrument used to listen to sounds within the body

A

stethoscope

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30
Q

describes any position in which the patient is lying down

A

recumbent

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31
Q

the patient is lying on the belly with the face down

A

prone position

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32
Q

the patient is lying on the back with the face up

A

horizontal recumbent position, aka supine position

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33
Q

the patient is lying on the back with the knees bent

A

dorsal recumbent position

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34
Q

the patient is lying on the left side with the right knee and thigh drawn up with the left arm placed along the back, used to examine the rectal area

A

Sim’s position

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35
Q

the patient is lying face down with the hips bent so that the knees and the chest rest on the table, used for rectal examinations

A

knee-chest position

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36
Q

position where the patient is lying on the back with the feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups, used for vaginal and rectal examinations and during childbirth

A

lithotomy position

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37
Q

when immediate results are requested

A

stat

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38
Q

means tests that are frequently performed as a group on automated multichannel laboratory testing equipment

A

profile

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39
Q

an individual trained and skilled in phlebotomy

A

phlebotomist

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40
Q

the puncture of a vein for the purpose of drawing blood

A

phlebotomy, aka venipuncutre

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41
Q

means vein

A

phleb/o

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42
Q

the technique used when only a small amount of blood is needed as a specimen for a blood test

A

capillary puncture

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43
Q

a series of tests performed as a group to evaluate several blood conditions

A

complete blood cell count

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44
Q

a test based on the speed at which the red blood cells separate from the plasma and settle to the bottom of the container

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate, aka sed rate

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45
Q

describes the percentage, by volume, of a blood sample occupied by red cells

A

hematocrit

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46
Q

means to separate

A

-crit

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47
Q

measures the number of platelets in a specified amount of blood and is a screening test to evaluate platelet function

A

platelet count

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48
Q

a determination of the number of erythrocytes in the blood

A

red blood cell count

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49
Q

usually part of a complete blood count

A

total hemoglobin test

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50
Q

means protein

A

-globin

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51
Q

a determination of the number of leukocytes in the blood

A

white blood cell count

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52
Q

determines what percentage of the total count is composed of each of the 5 types of leukocytes

A

white blood cell differential test

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53
Q

a group of eight specific blood tests that provide important information about the current status of the patient’s kidneys, electrolyte balance, blood sugar, and calcium levels

A

basic metabolic panel

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54
Q

measures the amount of nitrogen in the blood due to the wast product urea

A

blood urea nitrogen test

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55
Q

performed to determine the compatibility of donor and recipient blood before a transfusion

A

crossmatch tests

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56
Q

performed to identify high levels of inflammation within the body, obtained by the presence of C-reactive protein, which is produced by the liver only during acute inflammation

A

C-reactive protein test (CRP)

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57
Q

measures the amounts of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides in a blood sample

A

lipid panel

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58
Q

a test used to diagnose conditions associated with abnormalities of clotting time and to monitor anticoagulant therapy

A

prothrombin time

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59
Q

measures the ability of the liver’s ability to take up, process, and secrete bilirubin into the bile

A

serum bilirubin test

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60
Q

measures circulating blood levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone that can indicate abnormal thyroid activity

A

thyroid-stimulating hormone assay

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61
Q

the examination of the physical and chemical properties of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements

A

urinalysis

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62
Q

describes the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance, average range is from 4.5 to 8.0 in urine

A

pH

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63
Q

reflects the amount of wastes, minerals, and solids that are present in urine

A

specific gravity

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64
Q

found in small quantities in normal urine and larger amounts in the urine of a diabetic, has a sweet, fruity odor

A

acetone

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65
Q

the presence of the protein albumin in the urine and is a sign of impaired kidney function

A

albuminuria

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66
Q

means albumin or protein

A

albumin/o

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67
Q

the presence of bacteria in the urine

A

bacteriuria

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68
Q

means bacteria

A

bacteri/o

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69
Q

the presence of calcium in the urine

A

calciuria

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70
Q

means calcium

A

calci/o

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71
Q

an increased concentration of creatine in the urine

A

creatinuria

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72
Q

means creatinine

A

creatin/o

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73
Q

a rapid method of identifying the presence in the body of one or more drugs of abuse such as cocaine, heroin, and marijuana

A

drug-screening

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74
Q

presence of glucose in the urine, and is most commonly caused by diabetes

A

glycosuria

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75
Q

means glucose

A

glycos/o

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76
Q

the presence of blood in the urine

A

hematuria

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77
Q

the presence of ketones in the urine

A

ketonuria

78
Q

means ketones

A

keton/o

79
Q

the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine

A

proteinuria

80
Q

the presence of pus in the urine

A

pyuria

81
Q

laboratory tests that are used to identify the cause of a urinary tract infection and to determine which antibiotic would be the most effective treatment

A

urine culture and sensitivity tests

82
Q

the visual examination of the interior of a body cavity

A

endoscopy

83
Q

describes a surgical procedure performed through very small incision with the use of an endoscope and specialized instruments

A

endoscopic surgery

84
Q

a small flexible tube with a light and a lens on the end, used to examine

A

endoscope

85
Q

the visual examination of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope that is passed through a small incision in the abdominal wall

A

laparoscopy

86
Q

means abdomen

A

lapar/o

87
Q

a surgical puncture to remove fluid for more diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid

A

centesis

88
Q

the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid

A

abdominocentesis

89
Q

a surgical puncture of the joint space to remove synovial fluid for analysis to determine the cause of pain or swelling in a joint

A

arthrocentesis

90
Q

the puncture of a chamber of the heart for diagnosis or therapy

A

cardiocentesis, aka cardiopuncture

91
Q

the puncture of the pericardial sac for the purpose of removing fluid

A

pericardiocentesis

92
Q

the surgical puncture of the tympanic membrane with a needle to remove fluid or pus from an infected middle ear

A

tympanocentesis

93
Q

administered by swallowing, via an enema, or intravenously to make specific body structures visible

A

contrast medium

94
Q

means that the substance does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears white or light gray on the resulting film

A

radiopaque

95
Q

means that the substance, such as air or nitrogen gas, does allow x-rays to pass through and appears black or dark gray on the resulting film

A

radiolucent

96
Q

injected into a vein to make the flow of blood through blood vessels and organs visible

A

intravenous contrast medium

97
Q

a radiopaque contrast medium used primarily to visualize the gastrointestinal tract

A

barium

98
Q

an image of hard-tissue internal structures is created by the exposure of sensitized film to x-radiation

A

radiology

99
Q

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders with x-rays and other forms of radian energy

A

radiologist

100
Q

describes the body placement and the part of the body closest to the x-ray film

A

radiographic positioning

101
Q

describes the path that the x-ray beam follows through the body from entrance to exit

A

radiographic projection

102
Q

has the patient positioned with the back parallel to the film

A

anteroposterior projection

103
Q

has the patient positioned facing the film and parallel to it

A

posteroanterior projection

104
Q

has the patient positioned at right angles to the film

A

lateral projection

105
Q

has the patient positioned so the body is slanted sideways to the film

A

oblique projection

106
Q

means that the film is placed and exposed outside of the mouth

A

extraoral radiography

107
Q

show all of the structures in both dental arches in a single film

A

panoramic radiograph, aka Panorex

108
Q

means that the film is placed within the mouth and exposed by a camera positioned next to the exterior of the cheek

A

intraoral radiography

109
Q

show the entire tooth and some surrounding tissue

A

periapical radiographs

110
Q

show the crowns of the teeth in both arches on one side of the mouth, used primarily to detect dental decay between the teeth

A

bite-wing radiographs

111
Q

uses a thin, fan-shaped x-ray beam that rotates around the patient to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body

A

computed tomography

112
Q

means to cut, section, or slice

A

tom/o

113
Q

uses a combination of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create signals that are sent to a computer and converted into images of any plane through the body

A

magnetic resonance imaging

114
Q

combines MRI with the use of a contrast medium to locate problems within blood vessels throughout the body

A

magnetic resonance angiography

115
Q

the visualization of body parts in motion by projecting x-ray images on a luminous fluorescent screen

A

fluoroscopy

116
Q

means glowing

A

fluor/o

117
Q

the recording of images as they appear in motion on a fluorescent screen

A

cineradiography

118
Q

means relationship to movement

A

cine-

119
Q

imaging of deep body structures by recording the echoes of pulses of sound waves that are above the range of human hearing

A

ultrasonography

120
Q

means beyond

A

ultra-

121
Q

means sound

A

son/o

122
Q

the image created by ultrasonography

A

sonogram

123
Q

an ultrasonic diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the structures and motion of the heart

A

echocardiography

124
Q

performed in the same way as an echocardiogram, but measures the speed and direction of the blood flow within the heart

A

doppler echocardiogram

125
Q

a noninvasive procedure used to image and evaluate fetal development during pregnancy

A

fetal ultrasound

126
Q

an ultrasonic imaging technique used to evaluate heart structures

A

transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)

127
Q

when radioactive substances are administered for either diagnostic or treatment purposes

A

nuclear medicine

128
Q

the radioactive substances used in nuclear medicine

A

radiopharmaceuticals

129
Q

when nuclear medicine is used for diagnostic purposes

A

nuclear imaging

130
Q

a diagnostic procedure that uses nuclear medicine technology to gather info about the structure and function of organs or body systems that cannot be seen on conventional x-rays

A

nuclear scan, aka scintigram

131
Q

nuclear scanning test that identifies new areas of bone growth or breakdown

A

bone scan

132
Q

a radiopharmaceutical containing radioactive iodine in this test

A

thyroid scan

133
Q

a type of nuclear imaging test that produces 3D computer-reconstructed images showing perfusion through tissues and organs

A

single photon emission computed tomography, aka SPECT

134
Q

means the flow of blood through an organ

A

perfusion

135
Q

combines tomography with radionuclide tracers to produce enhanced images of selected body organs or areas

A

positron emission tomography, aka PET imaging

136
Q

the study of the nature, uses, and effects of drugs for medical purposes

A

pharmacology

137
Q

means drug

A

pharmac/o

138
Q

a licensed specialist who formulates and dispenses prescribed medications

A

pharmacist

139
Q

a medication that can legally be dispensed only by a pharmacist with an order from a licensed professional such as a physician or dentist

A

prescription

140
Q

a medication that can be purchased without a prescription

A

over-the-counter

141
Q

drug usually named for its chemical structure and is not protected by a brand name or trademark

A

generic

142
Q

drug sold under the name given the drug by the manufacturer. Always spelled with a capital leter

A

brand-name

143
Q

a compulsive, uncontrollable dependence on a drug, alcohol, or other substance. can also be a habit, or practice

A

addiction

144
Q

an undesirable reaction that accompanies the principal response for which the drug was taken

A

adverse drug reaction, aka side effect

145
Q

the patient’s consistency and accuracy in following the regimen prescribed by a physician or other health care professional

A

compliance

146
Q

a factor in the patient’s condition that makes the use of a medication or specific treatment dangerous or ill advised

A

contraindication

147
Q

the result of drugs reacting with each other, often in ways that are unexpected or potentially harmful

A

drug interaction

148
Q

an unexpected reaction to a drug that is peculiar to the individual

A

idiosyncratic reaction

149
Q

a substance that eases the pain or severity of the symptoms of a disease, but does not cure it

A

palliative

150
Q

the result of medical treatment that yields the exact opposite of normally expected results

A

paradoxical reaction

151
Q

an inactive substance, such as a sugar pill or liquid, that is administered only for its suggestive effects

A

placebo

152
Q

a drug interaction that occurs when the effect of one drug is increased by another drug, herbal remedy, or other treatment

A

potentiation

153
Q

medication administered to prevent or reduce fever

A

antipyretic

154
Q

refers to the class of drugs that relieves pain without affecting consciousness

A

analgesic

155
Q

an analgesic that reduces pain and fever, but does not relieve inflammation. found in tylenol

A

acetaminophen

156
Q

nonnarcotic analgesics administered to control pain by reducing inflammation and swelling

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aka NSAIDS

157
Q

a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicine that is sold over the counter under the brand names of Advil and Motrin, used for arthritis

A

Ibuprofen

158
Q

traditionally administered to prevent seizures such as those associated with epilepsy

A

anticonvulsant

159
Q

primarily administered to prevent or relieve depression

A

antidepressant

160
Q

applied topically to relive pain due to conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

A

pain-relieving creams

161
Q

a method of pain control by wearing a device that delivers small electrical impulses, as needed, to the nerve endings through the skin

A

transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation, aka TENS

162
Q

means across

A

trans-

163
Q

describes vapors and gases taken in through the nose or mouth and absorbed into the bloodstream through the lungs

A

inhalation administration

164
Q

refers to medications taken by mouth to be absorbed through the walls of the stomach or small intestine

A

oral administration

165
Q

the insertion of medication in the rectum either in the form of a suppository or a liquid

A

rectal administration

166
Q

the placement of medication under the tongue where it is allowed to dissolve slowly

A

sublingual administration

167
Q

means tongue

A

lingu/o

168
Q

a liquid or ointment that is rubbed into the skin on the area to be treated

A

topical application

169
Q

medication that is administered from a patch that is applied to unbroken skin

A

transdermal

170
Q

means taken into the body, or administered, in a manner other than through the digestive tract

A

parenteral

171
Q

made into the fatty layer just below the skin

A

subcutaneous injection

172
Q

made into the middle layers of the skin

A

intradermal injection

173
Q

made directly into the muscle tissue

A

intramuscular injection

174
Q

made directly into a vein

A

intravenous injection

175
Q

a single, concentrated dose of drug usually injected into a blood vessel over a short period of time

A

bolus

176
Q

at

A

@

177
Q

before meals

A

ac

178
Q

as desired

A

ad lib

179
Q

amount

A

amt

180
Q

bid, b.i.d.

A

twice a day

181
Q

nothing by mouth

A

NPO

182
Q

after meals

A

p.c.

183
Q

by mouth

A

p.o.

184
Q

as needed

A

p.r.n.

185
Q

every day

A

q.d.

186
Q

every hour

A

q.h.

187
Q

four times a day

A

q.i.d.

188
Q

prescription

A

Rx

189
Q

to be labeled accordingly

A

sig

190
Q

three times a day

A

t.i.d.

School (27 decks)

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