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Med Term 12 Flashcards

1
Q

made up of the skin and its related structures, performs important functions in maintaining the health of the body

A

integumentary system

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2
Q

secrete sebum that lubricates the skin and discourages the growth of bacteria on the skin, located in the dermis layer and are closely related with hair follicles

A

sebaceous glands

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3
Q

help regulate body temperature and water content by secreting sweat. tiny, coiled glands found on almost all body surfaces

A

sweat glands

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4
Q

helps control the loss of body heat, rod-like structures composed of tightly fused, dead protein cells filled with hard keratin

A

hair

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5
Q

protect the dorsal surface of the last bone of each toe and finger, made of keratin

A

unguis, aka fingernail or toenail

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6
Q

covers the external surfaces of the body, largest body organ

A

skin

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7
Q

means relating to the skin

A

cutaneous

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8
Q

means skin

A

cutane/o

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9
Q

the outermost layer of the skin and is made up of several specialized epithelial tissues

A

epidermis

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10
Q

form a protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body

A

epithelial tissues

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11
Q

forms the upper layer of the epidermis

A

squamous epithelial tissue

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12
Q

a fibrous, water-repellent protein

A

keratin

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13
Q

cells in the basal cell layer that produce and contain a dark brown to black pigment called melanin

A

melanocytes

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14
Q

the thick layer of living tissue directly below the epidermis

A

dermis

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15
Q

in the dermis and are the sensory receptors to stimuli such as touch, temperature, pain, and pressure

A

sensory nerve endings

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16
Q

a tough, yet flexible, fibrous protein material found in the skin and in the bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. means glue

A

collagen

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17
Q

found in the connective tissue of the dermis, and respond to injury, infection, or allergy by producing and releasing substances, including heparin and histamine

A

mast cells

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18
Q

an anticoagulant, and is released in response to an injury

A

heparin

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19
Q

causes the signs of an allergic response, including itching and increased mucus secretion. released in response to allergens

A

histamine

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20
Q

located just below the skin, connects the skin to the surface muscles

A

subcutaneous layer

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21
Q

fat tissue, makes up the subcutaneous layer

A

adipose tissue

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22
Q

cells predominant in the subcutaneous layer where they manufacture and store large quantities of fat

A

lipocytes, aka fat cells

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23
Q

secreted by the sebaceous glands, released through ducts opening into the hair follicles, then lubricates the skin

A

sebum

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24
Q

modified sebaceous glands, produce milk and are sometimes classified with the integumentary system

A

mammary glands

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25
Q

the openings on the surface of the skin for the ducts of the sweat glands

A

pores

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26
Q

secreted by sweat glands and is made up of 99% water plus some salt and metabolic waste

A

perspiration, aka sweat

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27
Q

one way in which the body excretes excess water, cools the body

A

perspiring, aka sweating

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28
Q

the production and excretion of sweat

A

hidrosis

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29
Q

the sacs that hold the root of the hair fibers.

A

hair follicles

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30
Q

tiny muscle fibers attached to the hair follicles that cause the hair to stand erect

A

arrector pili

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31
Q

a pale half-moon-shaped region at every nail root that is generally most easily seen in the thumbnail

A

lunula

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32
Q

a narrow band of epidermis attached to the surface of the nail just in front of the root, protecting the new keratin cells as they form

A

cuticle

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33
Q

fastens the nail to the finger or toe by fitting into a groove in the skin

A

nail root

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34
Q

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin

A

dermatologist

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35
Q

means skin

A

dermat/o

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36
Q

a physician who specializes in the surgical restoration and reconstruction of body structures

A

cosmetic surgeon

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37
Q

a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by pustular eruptions of the skin caused by an overproduction of sebum

A

acne vulgaris, aka acne

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38
Q

a noninfected lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in a hair follicle

A

comedo

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39
Q

a closed sac associated with a sebaceous gland that is found just under the skin

A

sebaceous cyst

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40
Q

overactivity of the sebaceous glands that results in the production of an excessive amount of sebum

A

seborrhea

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41
Q

an inflammation that causes scaling and itching of the upper layers of the skin or scalp

A

seborrheic dermatitis

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42
Q

a benign skin growth that has a waxy or pasted-on look. occur most commonly in the elderly

A

seborrheic keratosis

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43
Q

the abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat

A

anhidrosis

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44
Q

means sweat

A

hidr/o

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45
Q

profuse sweating

A

diaphoresis

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46
Q

means movement

A

phor/o

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47
Q

a condition of sweating in one area or over the whole body

A

hyperhidrosis

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48
Q

an intensely itchy rash caused by blockage of the sweat glands by bacteria and dead cells

A

miliaria, aka heat rash and prickly heat

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49
Q

the occurrence of excessive hyperhidrosis during sleep

A

sleep hyperhidrosis, aka night sweats

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50
Q

an inflammation of the hair follicles

A

folliculitis

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51
Q

means hair follicle

A

follicul/o

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52
Q

the presence of excessive body and facial hair in women, usually occurring in a male pattern

A

hirsutism

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53
Q

means hairy

A

hirsut/o

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54
Q

the partial or complete loss of hair, most commonly on the scalp

A

alopecia, aka baldness

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55
Q

means baldness

A

alopec/o

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56
Q

an autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles, causing well-defined bald areas on the scalp or elsewhere on the body

A

alopecia areata

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57
Q

an uncommon condition characterized by the loss of all the hair on the scalp

A

alopecia capitis totalis

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58
Q

the total loss of hair on all parts of the body

A

alopecia universalis

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59
Q

a condition in which the hair thins in the front and on the sides of the scalp and sometimes on the crown

A

female pattern baldness

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60
Q

a common hair-loss pattern in men, with the hairline receding from the front to the back until only a horseshoe-shaped area of the hair remains in the back and at the temples

A

male pattern baldness

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61
Q

abnormal curving of the nails that is often accompanied by enlargement of the fingertips

A

clubbing

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62
Q

a malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave or scooped out like the bowl of a spoon

A

koilonychia, aka spoon nail

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63
Q

means hollow or concave

A

koil/o

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64
Q

means finger or toenail

A

onych/o

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65
Q

an inflammation of the matrix of the nail that usually results in the loss of the nail

A

onychia, aka onychitis

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66
Q

commonly known as an ingrown toenail

A

onychocryptosis

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67
Q

means hidden

A

crypt/o

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68
Q

a fungal infection of the nail

A

onychomycosis

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69
Q

means nail biting or nail eating

A

onychophagia

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70
Q

an acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around a nail

A

paronychia

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71
Q

means near

A

par-

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72
Q

a genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or the absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and irises of the eyes

A

ablinism

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73
Q

means white

A

albin/o

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74
Q

a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face

A

chloasma, aka melasma or mask of pregnancy

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75
Q

any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in different parts of the body

A

melanosis

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76
Q

a skin condition resulting from the destruction of the melanocytes due to unknown causes

A

vitiligo

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77
Q

an injury to underlying tissues without breaking the skin and is characterized by discoloration and pain

A

contusion

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78
Q

means bruise

A

contus/o

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79
Q

a large, irregular area of purplish discoloration due to bleeding under the skin

A

ecchymosis, aka bruise

80
Q

means pouring out of juice

A

ecchym/o

81
Q

the appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin

A

purpura

82
Q

means purple

A

purpur/o

83
Q

very small, pinpoint hemorrhages that are less than 2 mm in diameter

A

petechiae

84
Q

a swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues, usually caused by injury

A

hematoma

85
Q

a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury

A

lesion

86
Q

a collection of dried serum and cellular debris

A

crust, aka scab

87
Q

a discolored, flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter… freckles, flat moles

A

macule, aka macula

88
Q

a solid, raised skin lesion that is larger than .5 cm in diameter and deeper than a papule.

A

nodule

89
Q

a small, raised red lesion that is less than .5 cm in diameter and does not contain pus

A

papule

90
Q

a scaly, solid raised area of closely spaced papules

A

plaque

91
Q

flakes or dry patches made up of excess dead epidermal cells

A

scales

92
Q

small, hard skin lesions caused by the human papilloma virus

A

verrucae, aka warts

93
Q

a small bump that itches, possibly from an allergic reaction

A

wheal, aka welt

94
Q

a closed pocket containing pus that is caused by a bacterial infection

A

abscess

95
Q

means producing or containing pus

A

purulent

96
Q

an abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semisolid material

A

cyst

97
Q

a small, circumscribed lesion containing pus

A

pustule

98
Q

a small blister, less than .5 cm in diameter, containing watery fluid

A

vesicle

99
Q

a large blister that is usually more than .5 cm in diameter

A

bulla

100
Q

an injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away

A

abrasion

101
Q

an ulcerated area in which prolonged pressure has caused tissue death

A

pressure sore, aka decubitus ulcer or bedsore

102
Q

a groove or crack-like break in the skin

A

fissure

103
Q

a torn or jagged wound, or accidental cut wound

A

laceration

104
Q

a deep hole made by a sharp object such as a nail, greater risk of infection

A

puncture wound

105
Q

an open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane resulting in tissue loss around the edges

A

ulcer

106
Q

a large, reddish-purple discoloration of the face or neck

A

port-wine stain

107
Q

a soft, raised, dark-reddish-purple birthmark

A

strawberry hemangioma

108
Q

means an inflammation of the skin

A

dermatitis

109
Q

a localized allergic response caused by contact with an irritant, for example, as seen with diaper rash

A

contact dermatitis

110
Q

a form of persistent or recurring dermatitis that is usually characterized by redness, itching, and dryness, with possible blistering, cracking, oozing, or bleeding

A

eczema

111
Q

means itching, and is associated with most forms of dermatitis

A

pruritus

112
Q

redness of the skin due to capillary dilation

A

erythema

113
Q

means flushed

A

erythem/o

114
Q

means itching

A

prurit/o

115
Q

abnormal redness of the entire skin surface

A

erythroderma

116
Q

a form of erythema in which skin cells are damaged by exposure to the ultraviolet rays in sunlight

A

sunburn

117
Q

a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritus, erythroderma, and hair loss

A

exfoliative dermatitis

118
Q

a general term used to denote skin lesions or eruptions of any type that are not associated with inflammation

A

dermatosis

119
Q

a group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened, and scaly skin

A

ichthyosis

120
Q

means dry or scaly

A

ichthy/o

121
Q

a chronic abnormal condition that is characterized by the accumulation of fat and fluid in the tissues just under the skin of the hips and legs

A

lipedema, aka painful fat syndrome

122
Q

means fat

A

lip/o

123
Q

an autoimmune disorder characterized by a red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk

A

lupus erythemotosus

124
Q

a common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp, back, or buttocks

A

psoriasis

125
Q

characterized by tiny red pimples and broken blood vessels

A

rosacea

126
Q

usually occurs in older men, characterized by hyperplasia of the tissues of the nose and is associated with advanced rosacea

A

rhinophyma, aka bulbous nose

127
Q

an autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened, causing the skin to become hard and swollen

A

scleroderma

128
Q

itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction

A

urticaria

129
Q

means rash

A

urtic/o

130
Q

means connected with

A

-aria

131
Q

excessively dry skin

A

xeroderma

132
Q

a cluster of connected furuncles (boils)

A

carbuncle

133
Q

an acute, rapidly spreading infection within the connective tissues that is characterized by malaise, swelling, warmth, and red streaks

A

cellulitis

134
Q

large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staphylococcal infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands

A

furuncles, aka boils

135
Q

tissue necrosis most commonly caused by a loss of circulation to the affected tissues

A

gangrene

136
Q

a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that commonly occurs in children. characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

A

impetigo

137
Q

a severe infection caused by Group A strep bacteria

A

necrotizing fasciitis

138
Q

any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo

A

pyoderma

139
Q

a fungal infection that can grow on the skin, hair, or nails

A

tinea, aka ringworm

140
Q

tinea found on the scalps of children

A

tinea capitis

141
Q

tinea found on the skin of the body

A

tinea corporis

142
Q

tinea found in the genital area

A

tinea cruris, aka jock itch

143
Q

tinea found between the toes and on the feet

A

tinea pedis, aka athlete’s foot

144
Q

tinea that causes painless, discolored areas on the skins

A

tinea versicolor

145
Q

the dwelling of microscopic parasites on external surface tissue

A

infestation

146
Q

an infestation with lice

A

pediculosis

147
Q

means lice

A

pedicul/o

148
Q

head lice

A

pediculosis capitis

149
Q

body lice

A

pediculosis corporis

150
Q

lice in the pubic hair and pubic region

A

pediculosis pubis

151
Q

a skin infection caused by an infestation with the itch mite, which causes small, itchy bumps and blisters due to tiny mites that burrow into the top layer of human skin and lay eggs

A

scabies

152
Q

a thickening of part of the skin on the hands or feet caused by repeated rubbing

A

callus

153
Q

a normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound

A

cicatrix

154
Q

the tissue that normally forms during the healing of a wound

A

granulation tissue

155
Q

a general term used to describe small, knot-like swellings of granulation tissue in the epidermis

A

granuloma

156
Q

means granular

A

granul/o

157
Q

an abnormally raised or thickened scar that expands beyond the boundaries of the incision

A

keloid

158
Q

means growth or tumor

A

kel/o

159
Q

any skin growth, suc as a wart or a callus, in which there is overgrowth and thickening of the skin

A

keratosis

160
Q

means hard or horny

A

kerat/o

161
Q

a benign, slow-growing fatty tumor located between the skin and the muscle layer

A

lipoma

162
Q

small, dark, skin growths that develop from melanocytes in the skin

A

nevi

163
Q

atypical moles that can develop into skin cancer

A

dysplastic nevi

164
Q

a benign, superficial wart-like growth on the epithelial tissue or elsewhere in the body, such as the bladder

A

papilloma

165
Q

means resembling a nipple

A

papill/o

166
Q

a general term used most commonly to describe a mushroom-like growth from the surface of a mucous membrane

A

polyp

167
Q

small, flesh-colored or light-brown polyps that hang from the body by fine stalks

A

skin tags

168
Q

a harmful, malignant growth on the skin, which can have many causes, including repeated severe sunburns or long-term exposure to the sun

A

skin cancer

169
Q

a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin. red, scaly, feels like sandpaper

A

actinic keratosis

170
Q

a malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

A

basal cell carcinoma

171
Q

originates as a malignant tumor of the scaly squamous cells of the epithelium, can quickly spread to other body systems

A

squamous cell carcinoma

172
Q

a type of skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes. most serious type of skin cancer.

A

malignant melanoma

173
Q

an injury to body tissues caused by heat, flame, electricity, sun, chemicals, or radiation

A

burn

174
Q

the removal of a small piece of living tissue for examination to confirm or establish a diagnosis

A

biopsy

175
Q

a technique in which cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope

A

exfoliative cytology

176
Q

measured in strength of sun protection factor and blocks out the harmful ultraviolet B rays from the skin

A

sunscreen

177
Q

the destruction of tissue by burning

A

cauterization

178
Q

the use of chemicals to remove the outer layers of skin to treat acne scaring, fine wrinkling, and keratoses

A

chemabrasion, aka chemical peel

179
Q

the destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells, such as warts or tumors, through the application of extreme cold by using liquid nitrogen

A

cryosurgery

180
Q

means cold

A

cry/o

181
Q

means operative procedure

A

-surgery

182
Q

the removal of material from the surface by scraping

A

curettage

183
Q

the removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing

A

debridement

184
Q

a form of abrasion involving the use of a revolving wire brush or sandpaper

A

dermabrasion

185
Q

involves incision of a lesion, such as an abscess, and draining the contents

A

incision and drainage

186
Q

a technique used to treat skin cancer where individual layers of cancerous tissue are removed and examined under a microscope one at a time until all cancerous tissue has been removed

A

Mohs surgery

187
Q

the surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids by removing excess fat, skin, and muscle

A

blepharoplasty, aka lid lift

188
Q

means eyelid

A

blephar/o

189
Q

a formulation of botulinum toxin type A, injected to reduce moderate to severe frown lines

A

botox

190
Q

a form of soft-tissue augmentation used to soften facial lines or scars or to make lips appear fuller

A

collagen replacement therapy

191
Q

the replacement of damaged skin with healthy tissue taken from a donor site on the patient’s body

A

dermatoplasty, aka skin graft

192
Q

the use of electric current to destroy hair follicles in order to produce the relatively permanent removal of undesired hair

A

electrolysis

193
Q

the surgical removal of fat beneath the skin

A

lipectomy

194
Q

the surgical removal of fat beneath the skin with the aid of suction

A

liposuction, aka suction-assisted lipectomy

195
Q

the surgical removal of excess skin and fat around the face to eliminate wrinkles

A

rhytidectomy, aka facelift

196
Q

means wrinkle

A

rhytid/o

197
Q

used in the treatment of spider veins

A

sclerotherapy

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