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Bacteria and Toxins Flashcards

1
Q

Clostridum perfrigens

A

Toxins: 15 different exotoxins (cytotoxins), lyse cells, blood vessels permeable, kill muscle cells

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2
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Toxins: NONE, overactive immune system

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3
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi

A

Toxins: NONE, overactive immune system

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4
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

Toxins: Exotoxin - Cytotoxins

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5
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Toxins: Neurotoxins A, B, E. A is heat resistant and most potent. Others, heat at 80 C for 10 min.

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6
Q

Leptospira interrogans

A

Toxins: NONE, overactive immune system

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7
Q

Helicobater pylori

A

Toxins: MANY. Vac A, Cag A, Urease - grows under the stomach mucus, urease neutralizes stomach acid

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8
Q

Chlamydia pneumonia

A

Toxins: none, intracellular

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9
Q

Escherichia coli

(normal flora strain)

A

Toxins: Endotoxin, in blood and CSF

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10
Q

Shigella dysenteriae

A

Toxins: 2 more shigga toxins (same as EHEC) and endotoxin

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11
Q

Vibrio cholerae

A

Toxins: Enterotoxin - causes secretions of large amounts of fluids in feces.

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12
Q

Fusobacterium nucleatum

A

Toxins: proteolytic enzymes - proteases - cause necrosis wherever they go

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13
Q

Streptoccocus spcs (babies)

(Group B)

A

Toxins: none, overactive immune response

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14
Q

Campylobacter jejuni

A

Toxins: Enterotoxin

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15
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A 
Toxins: NONE, replicate inside cells, lyse cells.
 Elementary cells (infectious stage) Reticulate cells (intracellular, divide)
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16
Q

Escherichia coli

( 0157:H7 strain)

A

Toxins: 2 Shigga Toxins - target Kidneys, Intestines, Brain. Enterotoxins - diarrhea. Enterohemolysins - lyse RBC, release iron.

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17
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis

A

Toxins: Cytotoxins - kills cells, called CLUE cells.

18
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Toxins: Lots

Food Poisoning - 6 different enterotoxins - heating will not remove the toxin, ubiquitous (everywhere), not easily detectible, immunity only develops to 1 toxin at a time

Toxic Shock - Toxins: TSST - 1, Toxic Shock Syndrome toxin #1, will grow when blood is present (menstruation, surgery)

19
Q

Bacteroides fragilis

A

Toxins: proteolytic enzymes - proteases - cause necrosis wherever they go

20
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Toxins: Neurotoxin, spreads along peripheral neurons, attaches to nerve endings, prevents relaxation.

21
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A

Toxins: tracheal cytotoxin

22
Q

Bacillus anthracis

A

Toxins: created by vegetative cells

23
Q

Escherichia coli
Enterotoxigenic Strain

A

Toxins: 2 Enterotoxins - Heat Stable, Heat Labile

24
Q

Streptococcus pneumonia (PNEUMOCOCCUS)

(Group D)

A

Toxins: NONE, overactive immune response
meningitis - proteases

25
Q

Brucella abortusuis

A

Toxins: None

26
Q

Streptococcus pyognes (GAS)

(Group A)

A

Toxins: highly pathogenic, beta hemolytic, 7 exotoxins
A - causes TNF, IL-1…, proteases. Also Autoimmune disease.

27
Q

Mycobacteria tuberculosis

A

Toxins: NONE. proliferates and host response. macrophage engulfs the bacteria, bacteria multiplies and releases cytokines from lyced macrophage, attracting more macrophages which group together and cause a large tubercle in alveoli, blocking O2, but it doesn’t die, just survives. coughing breaks open sacs.

28
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Toxins: Endotoxin - Lipopolysaccarides. Proteases, Lipases

29
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Toxins: proteases - exotoxin A

30
Q

Legionella pneumonia

A

Toxins: releases host cell toxins, killing alveoli

31
Q

Salmonella enteric: typhi

A

Toxins: ENDOtoxins (LPS) - toxemia, invades blood, spreads to organs

32
Q

Salmonella enterica

A

Toxins: ENDOTOXIN - if in blood, Enterotoxin - diarrhea, other cytotoxins - lyse cells

33
Q

Corynebacteriua diptheria

A

Toxin 2 systemic, toxemia, heart (mycarditis w/ arrhythmia)
CNS

34
Q

Shigella sonnei

A

Toxins: cytotoxin kills and invades neighboring cells, Endotoxin causes inflammation and fever (Occasionally)

35
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonia

A

Toxins:(intracellular) - grows intracellularly, by products kill cells.

36
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Toxins: lots of LPS, causes cytokines in WBC - TNF and IL - 1, inflammation leads to multi organ failure, fever, edema, BP down, rash

37
Q

Mycoplasma genitalium

A

Toxins: none, intracellular

38
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Toxins: 2 cytotoxins - made by vegetative cells. Toxin A - Enterotoxin, Toxin B - Cytotoxin (kills cells)

39
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Toxins: NONE, lives in cells (intracellular) that line capillaries, damages and causes blood leakage (edema and rash)

40
Q

Haemophilus influenzae

A

Toxins: type b polysaccharide capsule (allows it to avoid WBC), ENDOTOXIN ONLY.

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