m2 ch4 Flashcards
define values
abstract ideals that guide one’s thinking and behavior across situations
Where do values come from?
our parents’ values, our experiences in childhood and throughout life, and our religious or spiritual beliefs
Are values relatively stable?
yes, and they can influence behavior outside our awareness
What are the means of Schwartz’s Value Theory?
values are motivational and represent broad goals over time, bipolar values are incongruent while adjacent values are complementary, it is the relative importance we give to dimensions of opposing views that drive our behavior
What is Schwartz’s value theory?
attracting employees whose personal values align with the organization yields many benefits, lower turnover, higher engagement, etc.
What is Self-Transcendence and its dimensions?
concern for the welfare and interest of others, universalism (world peace), and benevolence (honest, forgiving)
What is Self-Enchancement and its dimensions?
pursuit of one’s own interest and relative success and dominance over others, achievement (ambitious, influential) and power (authority, wealth)
What is Openness to Change and its dimensions?
independence of thought, action, and feelings and readiness for change, self-direction (freedom, creativity) and stimulation (daring, varied life)
What is Conservation and its dimensions?
order, self-restriction, preservation of the past, and resistance to change, conformity (polite, self-discipline, obedient), tradition (devout, moderate), and security (social order, cleanliness)
What is a personal attitude?
an evaluation of an object in a positive or negative fashion that includes 3 components: affect, cognition, and behavior
What are the 3 components of an attitude? Know how to identify them from an attitude description.
affective (“i feel” emotional, gut reaction), cognitive (“i believe” thoughtful, logical knowledge), and behavioral (“I intend” habit)
What is dual attitude theory?
an evaluation of an object in a positive or negative fashion that includes 3 components: BUT even if you have both positive or negative evaluations about something, you still only make a single choice about what to do
What is the specificity principal?
the link between attitudes and behaviors is the strongest when the attitude is measured at the same level of specificity
What is the theory of planned behavior?
behavior is best predicted by 3 factors, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control (can you accomplish a goal)
Know the components of the theory of planned behavior and to determine if an action will happen or not.
attitude towards the behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, intention, behavior
