List-40 Flashcards
1
Q
alloy
A
- *vt. 使成合金；使减低成色
n. 合金
vi. 易于铸成合金
n. (Alloy)人名；(英)阿洛伊 - ——————————————**
- a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten
- the state of impairing the quality or reducing the value of something
- lower in value by increasing the base-metal content
- make an alloy of
2
Q
altitude
A
- *n. 高地；高度；[数] 顶垂线；（等级和地位等的）高级
- ——————————————**
- elevation especially above sea level or above the earth’s surface
- the perpendicular distance from the base of a geometric figure to opposite vertex (or side if parallel)
- angular distance above the horizon (especially of a celestial object)
3
Q
arrange
A
- *vt. 安排；排列；整理
vi. 安排；排列；协商 - ——————————————**
- put into a proper or systematic order
- make arrangements for
- plan, organize, and carry out (an event)
- set (printed matter) into a specific format
- arrange attractively
4
Q
backup
A
- *n. 支持；后援；阻塞
adj. 支持的；候补的
vt. 做备份 - ——————————————**
- an accumulation caused by clogging or a stoppage
- someone who takes the place of another (as when things get dangerous or difficult)
- a subordinate musical part; provides background for more important parts
- (computer science) a copy of a file or directory on a separate storage device
- the act of providing approval and support
5
Q
blame
A
- *vt. 责备；归咎于
n. 责备；责任；过失 - ——————————————**
- an accusation that you are responsible for some lapse or misdeed
- a reproach for some lapse or misdeed
- put or pin the blame on
- harass with constant criticism
- attribute responsibility to
6
Q
blink
A
- *vt. 眨眼；使…闪烁
vi. 眨眼；闪烁
n. 眨眼；瞬间；闪光
n. (Blink)人名；(德)布林克 - ——————————————**
- a reflex that closes and opens the eyes rapidly
- briefly shut the eyes
- force to go away by blinking
- gleam or glow intermittently
7
Q
blur
A
- *vt. 涂污；使…模糊不清；使暗淡；玷污
vi. 沾上污迹；变模糊
n. 污迹；模糊不清的事物 - ——————————————**
- a hazy or indistinct representation
- become glassy; lose clear vision
- to make less distinct or clear
- make unclear, indistinct, or blurred
- make a smudge on; soil by smudging
8
Q
boulder
A
- *n. 卵石，大圆石；巨砾
- ——————————————**
- a large smooth mass of rock detached from its place of origin
- a town in north central Colorado; Rocky Mountains resort center and university town
9
Q
cancel
A
- *vt. 取消；删去
vi. 取消；相互抵销
n. 取消，撤销
n. (Cancel)人名；(法)康塞尔 - ——————————————**
- a notation cancelling a previous sharp or flat
- postpone indefinitely or annul something that was scheduled
- make up for
- declare null and void; make ineffective
- remove or make invisible
10
Q
cashier
A
- *n. 出纳员；司库；收银员
vt. 解雇；抛弃 - ——————————————**
- an employee of a bank who receives and pays out money
- a person responsible for receiving payments for goods and services (as in a shop or restaurant)
- discard or do away with
- discharge with dishonor, as in the army
11
Q
centigrade
A
- *adj. 摄氏的；[仪] 摄氏温度的；百分度的
- ——————————————**
- of or relating to a temperature scale on which the freezing point of water is 0 degrees and the boiling point of water is 100 degrees
12
Q
chip
A
- *vt. 削，凿；削成碎片
vi. 剥落；碎裂
n. [电子] 芯片；筹码；碎片；(食物的) 小片; 薄片 - ——————————————**
- a small fragment of something broken off from the whole
- a triangular wooden float attached to the end of a log line
- a piece of dried bovine dung
- a thin crisp slice of potato fried in deep fat
- a mark left after a small piece has been chopped or broken off of something
13
Q
cipher
A
- *n. 密码；暗号；零
vi. 使用密码；计算；做算术
vt. 计算；做算术；将…译成密码 - ——————————————**
- a message written in a secret code
- a mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number
- a quantity of no importance
- a person of no influence
- a secret method of writing
14
Q
clear
A
- *adj. 清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的；无罪的
vt. 通过；清除；使干净；跳过
vi. 放晴；变清澈
adv. 清晰地；完全地
n. 清除；空隙 - ——————————————**
- the state of being free of suspicion
- a clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water
- rid of obstructions
- make a way or path by removing objects
- become clear
15
Q
clump
A
- *n. 丛；笨重的脚步声；土块
vi. 形成一丛；以沉重的步子行走
vt. 使成一丛；使凝结成块 - ——————————————**
- a grouping of a number of similar things
- a compact mass
- a heavy dull sound (as made by impact of heavy objects)
- make or move along with a sound as of a horse’s hooves striking the ground
- come together as in a cluster or flock
16
Q
concede
A
- *vt. 承认；退让；给予，容许
vi. 让步 - ——————————————**
- admit, make a clean breast of
- be willing to concede
- give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another
- acknowledge defeat
17
Q
conservationist
A
- *n. 自然资源保护论者
- ——————————————**
- someone who works to protect the environment from destruction or pollution
18
Q
conservative
A
- *adj. 保守的
n. 保守派，守旧者 - ——————————————**
- a person who has conservative ideas or opinions
- resistant to change
- opposed to liberal reforms
- avoiding excess
- unimaginatively conventional
19
Q
context
A
- *n. 环境；上下文；来龙去脉
- ——————————————**
- discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation
- the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event
20
Q
crack
A
- *vt. 使破裂；打开；变声
vi. 破裂；爆裂
n. 裂缝；声变；噼啪声
adj. 最好的；高明的 - ——————————————**
- a long narrow opening
- a narrow opening
- a long narrow depression in a surface
- a sudden sharp noise
- a chance to do something
21
Q
culture
A
- *n. 文化，文明；修养；栽培
vt. [细胞][微] 培养（等于cultivate） - ——————————————**
- a particular society at a particular time and place
- the tastes in art and manners that are favored by a social group
- all the knowledge and values shared by a society
- (biology) the growing of microorganisms in a nutrient medium (such as gelatin or agar)
- a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality
22
Q
deform
A
- *vt. 使变形；使成畸形
vi. 变形；变畸形
adj. 畸形的；丑陋的 - ——————————————**
- make formless
- twist and press out of shape
- cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form
- become misshapen
- alter the shape of (something) by stress
23
Q
degree
A
- *n. 程度，等级；度；学位；阶层
- ——————————————**
- a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality
- a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process
- an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study
- a unit of temperature on a specified scale
- a measure for arcs and angles
24
Q
distribution
A
- *n. 分布；分配
- ——————————————**
- (statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing their observed or theoretical frequency of occurrence
- the spatial property of being scattered about over an area or volume
- the act of distributing or spreading or apportioning
- the commercial activity of transporting and selling goods from a producer to a consumer
25
Q
disturb
A
- *vt. 打扰；妨碍；使不安；弄乱；使恼怒
vi. 打扰；妨碍 - ——————————————**
- move deeply
- change the arrangement or position of
- tamper with
- destroy the peace or tranquility of
- damage as if by shaking or jarring
26
Q
drought
A
- *n. 干旱；缺乏
n. (Drought)人名；(英)德劳特 - ——————————————**
- a shortage of rainfall
- a prolonged shortage
27
Q
economic
A
- *adj. 经济的，经济上的；经济学的
- ——————————————**
- of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth
- of or relating to the science of economics
- concerned with worldly necessities of life (especially money)
- financially rewarding
- using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness
28
Q
ecosystem
A
- *n. 生态系统
- ——————————————**
- a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment
29
Q
engineering
A
- *n. 工程，工程学
v. 设计；管理（engineer的ing形式）；建造 - ——————————————**
- the practical application of science to commerce or industry
- the discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems
- a room (as on a ship) in which the engine is located
30
Q
entail
A
- *vt. 使需要，必需；承担；遗传给；蕴含
n. 引起；需要；继承 - ——————————————**
- land received by fee tail
- the act of entailing property; the creation of a fee tail from a fee simple
- have as a logical consequence
- impose, involve, or imply as a necessary accompaniment or result
- limit the inheritance of property to a specific class of heirs
31
Q
essential
A
- *adj. 基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的
n. 本质；要素；要点；必需品 - ——————————————**
- anything indispensable
- absolutely necessary; vitally necessary
- basic and fundamental
- of the greatest importance
- being or relating to or containing the essence of a plant etc
32
Q
evaluate
A
- *vt. 评价；估价；求…的值
vi. 评价；估价 - ——————————————**
- place a value on; judge the worth of something
- form a critical opinion of
33
Q
evaporate
A
- *vt. 使……蒸发；使……脱水；使……消失
vi. 蒸发，挥发；消失，失踪 - ——————————————**
- lose or cause to lose liquid by vaporization leaving a more concentrated residue
- cause to change into a vapor
- change into a vapor
34
Q
exert
A
- *vt. 运用，发挥；施以影响
- ——————————————**
- put to use
- have and exercise
- make a great effort at a mental or physical task
35
Q
explode
A
- *vi. 爆炸，爆发；激增
vt. 使爆炸；爆炸；推翻 - ——————————————**
- cause to burst with a violent release of energy
- burst outward, usually with noise
- show a violent emotional reaction
- be unleashed; emerge with violence or noise
- destroy by exploding
36
Q
extravagant
A
- *adj. 奢侈的；浪费的；过度的；放纵的
- ——————————————**
- unrestrained, especially with regard to feelings
- recklessly wasteful
37
Q
facet
A
- *n. 面；方面；小平面
vt. 在…上琢面 - ——————————————**
- a distinct feature or element in a problem
- a smooth surface (as of a bone or cut gemstone)
38
Q
falcon
A
- *n. [鸟] 猎鹰；[鸟] 隼
n. (Falcon)人名；(法、意、西、葡、罗、瑞典)法尔孔；(英)福尔肯 - ——————————————**
- diurnal birds of prey having long pointed powerful wings adapted for swift flight
- hunt with falcons
39
Q
fiction
A
- *n. 小说；虚构，编造；谎言
- ——————————————**
- a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact
- a deliberately false or improbable account
40
Q
fray
A
- *n. 争论；打架；磨损处
vt. 使磨损；变得令人紧张、急躁
vi. 被磨损
n. (Fray)人名；(法)弗雷；(德)弗赖；(匈)弗劳伊 - ——————————————**
- a noisy fight
- wear away by rubbing
- cause friction
41
Q
fuse
A
- *vi. 融合；熔化，熔融
vt. 使融合；使熔化，使熔融
n. 保险丝，熔线；导火线，雷管
n. (Fuse)人名；(意)富塞；(法)菲斯 - ——————————————**
- an electrical device that can interrupt the flow of electrical current when it is overloaded
- any igniter that is used to initiate the burning of a propellant
- mix together different elements
- become plastic or fluid or liquefied from heat
- equip with a fuse; provide with a fuse
42
Q
image
A
- *n. 影像；想象；肖像；偶像
vt. 想象；反映；象征；作…的像
n. (Image)人名；(法)伊马热 - ——————————————**
- an iconic mental representation
- a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface
- (Jungian psychology) a personal facade that one presents to the world
- a standard or typical example
- language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense
43
Q
incredible
A
- *adj. 难以置信的，惊人的
- ——————————————**
- beyond belief or understanding
44
Q
insert
A
- *vt. 插入；嵌入
n. 插入物 - ——————————————**
- a folded section placed between the leaves of another publication
- an artifact that is inserted or is to be inserted
- (broadcasting) a local announcement inserted into a network program
- (film) a still picture that is introduced and that interrupts the action of a film
- put or introduce into something
45
Q
instead
A
- *adv. 代替；反而
- ——————————————**
- in place of, or as an alternative to
- on the contrary
46
Q
instrumental
A
- *adj. 乐器的；有帮助的；仪器的，器械的
n. 器乐曲；工具字，工具格 - ——————————————**
- relating to or designed for or performed on musical instruments
- serving or acting as a means or aid
47
Q
interrupt
A
- *vt. 中断；打断；插嘴；妨碍
vi. 打断；打扰
n. 中断 - ——————————————**
- a signal that temporarily stops the execution of a program so that another procedure can be carried out
- make a break in
- destroy the peace or tranquility of
- interfere in someone else’s activity
- terminate
48
Q
isolate
A
- *vt. 使隔离；使孤立；使绝缘
n. [生物] 隔离种群
vi. 隔离；孤立
adj. 隔离的；孤立的 - ——————————————**
- place or set apart
- obtain in pure form
- set apart from others
- separate (experiences) from the emotions relating to them
49
Q
landscape
A
- *n. 风景；风景画；景色；山水画；乡村风景画；地形
vt. 对…做景观美化，给…做园林美化；从事庭园设计
vi. 美化（环境等），使景色宜人；从事景观美化工作，做庭园设计师 - ——————————————**
- an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view
- painting depicting an expanse of natural scenery
- a genre of art dealing with the depiction of natural scenery
- an extensive mental viewpoint
- embellish with plants
50
Q
larynx
A
- *n. [解剖] 喉；喉头
- ——————————————**
- a cartilaginous structure at the top of the trachea; contains elastic vocal cords that are the source of the vocal tone in speech
51
Q
lobby
A
- *n. 大厅；休息室；会客室；游说议员的团体
vt. 对……进行游说
vi. 游说议员 - ——————————————**
- a large entrance or reception room or area
- the people who support some common cause or business or principle or sectional interest
- a group of people who try actively to influence legislation
- detain in conversation by or as if by holding on to the outer garments of; as for political or economic favors
52
Q
mechanical
A
- *adj. 机械的；力学的；呆板的；无意识的；手工操作的
- ——————————————**
- using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices
- relating to or concerned with machinery or tools
- relating to or governed by or in accordance with mechanics
53
Q
mercantile
A
- *adj. 商业的；商人的；重商主义的
n. 商品 - ——————————————**
- of or relating to the economic system of mercantilism
- profit oriented
- relating to or characteristic of trade or traders
54
Q
mercury
A
n. [化]汞，水银
[天]水星
温度表
精神，元气
——————————————-
- a heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
- (Roman mythology) messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce; counterpart of Greek Hermes
- the smallest planet and the nearest to the sun
- temperature measured by a mercury thermometer
55
Q
opal
A
- *n. 猫眼石，蛋白石；乳白玻璃
n. (Opal)人名；(英)奥珀尔；(土、法)奥帕尔 - ——————————————**
- a translucent mineral consisting of hydrated silica of variable color; some varieties are used as gemstones
56
Q
originate
A
- *vt. 引起；创作
vi. 发源；发生；起航 - ——————————————**
- come into existence; take on form or shape
- bring into being
- begin a trip at a certain point, as of a plane, train, bus, etc.
57
Q
patent
A
- *vt. 授予专利；取得…的专利权
adj. 专利的；新奇的；显然的
n. 专利权；执照；专利品 - ——————————————**
- a document granting an inventor sole rights to an invention
- an official document granting a right or privilege
- obtain a patent for
- grant rights to; grant a patent for
- make open to sight or notice
58
Q
peak
A
- *n. 山峰；最高点；顶点；帽舌
vt. 使达到最高点；使竖起
vi. 消瘦；到达最高点；变憔悴
adj. 最高的；最大值的
n. (Peak)人名；(英)皮克 - ——————————————**
- the most extreme possible amount or value
- the period of greatest prosperity or productivity
- the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development
- the top point of a mountain or hill
- a V shape
59
Q
pertain
A
- *vi. 属于；关于；适合
- ——————————————**
- have to do with or be relevant to
- be a part or attribute of
60
Q
plank
A
- *n. [木] 厚木板；支架；政纲条款
vt. 在…上铺板；撂下；立刻付款
n. (Plank)人名；(英、俄、芬、德)普兰克 - ——————————————**
- a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes
- an endorsed policy in the platform of a political party
- cover with planks
- set (something or oneself) down with or as if with a noise
- cook and serve on a plank
61
Q
plankton
A
- *n. 浮游生物（总称）
- ——————————————**
- the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water
62
Q
plate
A
- *n. 碟；金属板；金属牌；感光底片
vt. 电镀；给…装甲
n. (Plate)人名；(英、德、俄、西、意、瑞典)普拉特 - ——————————————**
- a sheet of metal or wood or glass or plastic
- (baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score
- a full-page illustration (usually on slick paper)
- dish on which food is served or from which food is eaten
- the quantity contained in a plate
63
Q
polar
A
- *adj. 极地的；两极的；正好相反的
n. 极面；极线
n. (Polar)人名；(德、西)波拉尔 - ——————————————**
- having a pair of equal and opposite charges
- characterized by opposite extremes; completely opposed
- located at or near or coming from the earth’s poles
- of or existing at or near a geographical pole or within the Arctic or Antarctic Circles
- extremely cold
64
Q
pollutant
A
- *n. 污染物
- ——————————————**
- waste matter that contaminates the water or air or soil
65
Q
procedure
A
- *n. 程序，手续；步骤
- ——————————————**
- a particular course of action intended to achieve a result
- a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work
- a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program
- a mode of conducting legal and parliamentary proceedings
66
Q
profession
A
- *n. 职业，专业；声明，宣布，表白
- ——————————————**
- the body of people in a learned occupation
- an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)
- an open avowal (true or false) of some belief or opinion
- affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith
67
Q
pupil
A
- *n. 学生；[解剖] 瞳孔；未成年人
- ——————————————**
- a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution
- contractile aperture in the iris of the eye
- a young person attending school (up through senior high school)
68
Q
reef
A
- *n. 暗礁；[地质] 矿脉；收帆
vt. 收帆；缩帆
vi. 缩帆；收帆 - ——————————————**
- a submerged ridge of rock or coral near the surface of the water
- a rocky region in the southern Transvaal in northeastern South Africa; contains rich gold deposits and coal and manganese
- lower and bring partially inboard
- roll up (a portion of a sail) in order to reduce its area
- reduce (a sail) by taking in a reef
69
Q
respective
A
- *adj. 分别的，各自的
- ——————————————**
- considered individually
70
Q
rush
A
- *n. 冲进；匆促；急流；灯心草
adj. 急需的
vt. 使冲；突袭；匆忙地做；飞跃
vi. 冲；奔；闯；赶紧；涌现
n. (Rush)人名；(英)拉什 - ——————————————**
- the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner
- a sudden forceful flow
- grasslike plants growing in wet places and having cylindrical often hollow stems
- physician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813)
- the swift release of a store of affective force
71
Q
scratch
A
- *n. 擦伤；抓痕；刮擦声；乱写
adj. 打草稿用的；凑合的；碰巧的
vt. 抓；刮；挖出；乱涂
vi. 抓；搔；发刮擦声；勉强糊口；退出比赛 - ——————————————**
- an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off
- a depression scratched or carved into a surface
- informal terms for money
- dry mash for poultry
- a harsh noise made by scraping
72
Q
shrivel
A
- *vi. 枯萎；皱缩
vt. 使枯萎；使皱缩；使束手无策 - ——————————————**
- wither, as with a loss of moisture
- decrease in size, range, or extent
73
Q
sinuous
A
- *adj. 蜿蜒的；弯曲的；迂回的
- ——————————————**
- curved or curving in and out
74
Q
stack
A
- *n. 堆；堆叠
vt. 使堆叠；把…堆积起来
vi. 堆积，堆叠
n. (Stack)人名；(英)斯塔克；(德)施塔克 - ——————————————**
- an orderly pile
- (often followed by `of’) a large number or amount or extent
- a list in which the next item to be removed is the item most recently stored (LIFO)
- a large tall chimney through which combustion gases and smoke can be evacuated
- a storage device that handles data so that the next item to be retrieved is the item most recently stored (LIFO)
75
Q
stew
A
- *vt. 炖，炖汤；焖；忧虑；受闷热
n. 炖，炖汤；烦恼；闷热；鱼塘
vi. 炖，炖汤；焖；受闷热；忧虑
n. (Stew)人名；(英)斯图 - ——————————————**
- agitation resulting from active worry
- food prepared by stewing especially meat or fish with vegetables
- be in a huff; be silent or sullen
- bear a grudge; harbor ill feelings
- cook slowly and for a long time in liquid
76
Q
subtract
A
- *vt. 减去；扣掉
- ——————————————**
- make a subtraction
77
Q
supply
A
- *n. 供给，补给；供应品
vt. 供给，提供；补充
vi. 供给；替代 - ——————————————**
- an amount of something available for use
- offering goods and services for sale
- the activity of supplying or providing something
- provide or furnish with
- circulate or distribute or equip with
78
Q
survive
A
- *vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于；比…活得长
vi. 幸存；活下来 - ——————————————**
- continue to live; endure or last
- continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)
- support oneself
- live longer than
79
Q
willful
A
- *adj. 有意的；任性的；故意的
- ——————————————**
- done by design
- habitually disposed to disobedience and opposition
80
Q
wreck
A
- *n. 破坏；失事；残骸；失去健康的人
vt. 破坏；使失事；拆毁
vi. 失事；营救失事船只 - ——————————————**
- something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation
- an accident that destroys a ship at sea
- a serious accident (usually involving one or more vehicles)
- a ship that has been destroyed at sea
- smash or break forcefully
