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TOEFL-45 > List-26 > Flashcards

List-26 Flashcards

1
Q

acid

A
  • *n. 酸；迷幻药
    adj. 酸的；讽刺的；刻薄的
  • ——————————————**
  1. any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
  2. street name for lysergic acid diethylamide
  3. harsh or corrosive in tone
  4. being sour to the taste
  5. having the characteristics of an acid
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2
Q

agile

A
  • *adj. 敏捷的；机敏的；活泼的
  • ——————————————**
  1. moving quickly and lightly
  2. mentally quick
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3
Q

allocation

A
  • *n. 分配，配置；安置
  • ——————————————**
  1. a share set aside for a specific purpose
  2. the act of distributing by allotting or apportioning; distribution according to a plan
  3. (computer science) the assignment of particular areas of a magnetic disk to particular data or instructions
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4
Q

attorney

A
  • *n. 律师；代理人
  • ——————————————**
  1. a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice
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5
Q

bias

A
  • *n. 偏见；偏爱；斜纹；乖离率
    vt. 使存偏见
    adj. 偏斜的
    adv. 偏斜地
    n. (Bias)人名；(法、德、葡、喀)比亚斯；(英)拜厄斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation
  2. a line or cut across a fabric that is not at right angles to a side of the fabric
  3. influence in an unfair way
  4. cause to be biased
  5. slanting diagonally across the grain of a fabric
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6
Q

bluff

A
  • *n. 吓唬；绝壁；断崖
    vt. 吓唬；愚弄
    vi. 吓唬
    adj. 直率的；陡峭的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a high steep bank (usually formed by river erosion)
  2. pretense that your position is stronger than it really is
  3. the act of bluffing in poker; deception by a false show of confidence in the strength of your cards
  4. deceive an opponent by a bold bet on an inferior hand with the result that the opponent withdraws a winning hand
  5. frighten someone by pretending to be stronger than one really is
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7
Q

bookstore

A
  • *n. 书店（等于bookshop）
  • ——————————————**
  1. a shop where books are sold
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8
Q

captive

A
  • *adj. 被俘虏的；被迷住的
    n. 俘虏；迷恋者
  • ——————————————**
  1. a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war
  2. an animal that is confined
  3. a person held in the grip of a strong emotion or passion
  4. in captivity
  5. giving or marked by complete attention to
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9
Q

cease

A
  • *vi. 停止；终了
    vt. 停止；结束
    n. 停止
  • ——————————————**
  1. (cease' is a noun only in the phrase without cease’) end
  2. put an end to a state or an activity
  3. have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical
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10
Q

ceremonial

A
  • *adj. 仪式的；正式的，礼仪的
    n. 仪式，礼节
  • ——————————————**
  1. a formal event performed on a special occasion
  2. marked by pomp or ceremony or formality
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11
Q

claim

A
  • *vi. 提出要求
    vt. 要求；声称；需要；认领
    n. 要求；声称；索赔；断言；值得
  • ——————————————**
  1. an assertion of a right (as to money or property)
  2. an assertion that something is true or factual
  3. demand for something as rightful or due
  4. an informal right to something
  5. an established or recognized right
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12
Q

club

A
  • *n. 俱乐部，社团；夜总会；棍棒；（扑克牌中的）梅花
    vt. 用棍棒打；募集
    vi. 集资；组成俱乐部
    adj. 俱乐部的
    n. (Club)人名；(英)克拉布
  • ——————————————**
  1. a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together
  2. a formal association of people with similar interests
  3. stout stick that is larger at one end
  4. a building that is occupied by a social club
  5. golf equipment used by a golfer to hit a golf ball
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13
Q

concentration

A
  • *n. 浓度；集中；浓缩；专心；集合
  • ——————————————**
  1. (chemistry) the strength of a solution; number of molecules of a substance in a given volume (expressed as moles/cubic meter)
  2. the spatial property of being crowded together
  3. strengthening the amount of a substance in a unit amount of another substance (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing the other substance
  4. increase in density
  5. complete attention; intense mental effort
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14
Q

deciduous

A
  • *adj. 落叶性的，脱落性的；非永久性的
  • ——————————————**
  1. (of plants and shrubs) shedding foliage at the end of the growing season
  2. (of teeth, antlers, etc.) being shed at the end of a period of growth
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15
Q

deduct

A
  • *vt. 扣除，减去；演绎
  • ——————————————**
  1. make a subtraction
  2. retain and refrain from disbursing; of payments
  3. reason by deduction; establish by deduction
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16
Q

definite

A
  • *adj. 一定的；确切的
  • ——————————————**
  1. precise; explicit and clearly defined
  2. known for certain
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17
Q

dense

A
  • *adj. 稠密的；浓厚的；愚钝的
  • ——————————————**
  1. permitting little if any light to pass through because of denseness of matter
  2. having component parts closely crowded together
  3. hard to pass through because of dense growth
  4. having high relative density or specific gravity
  5. slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity
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18
Q

deteriorate

A
  • *vi. 恶化，变坏
    vt. 恶化
  • ——————————————**
  1. become worse or disintegrate
  2. grow worse
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19
Q

discipline

A
  • *n. 学科；纪律；训练；惩罚
    vt. 训练，训导；惩戒
  • ——————————————**
  1. a branch of knowledge
  2. a system of rules of conduct or method of practice
  3. the trait of being well behaved
  4. training to improve strength or self-control
  5. the act of punishing
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20
Q

domain

A
  • *n. 领域；域名；产业；地产
    n. (Domain)人名；(英、法)多曼
  • ——————————————**
  1. a particular environment or walk of life
  2. territory over which rule or control is exercised
  3. the set of values of the independent variable for which a function is defined
  4. people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest
  5. a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about
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21
Q

economical

A
  • *adj. 经济的；节约的；合算的
  • ——————————————**
  1. using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness
  2. of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth
  3. avoiding waste
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22
Q

epic

A
  • *adj. 史诗的，叙事诗的
    n. 史诗；叙事诗；史诗般的作品
  • ——————————————**
  1. a long narrative poem telling of a hero’s deeds
  2. very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale)
  3. constituting or having to do with or suggestive of a literary epic
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23
Q

erratic

A
  • *adj. 不稳定的；古怪的
    n. 漂泊无定的人；古怪的人
  • ——————————————**
  1. having no fixed course
  2. liable to sudden unpredictable change
  3. likely to perform unpredictably
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24
Q

evident

A
  • *adj. 明显的；明白的
  • ——————————————**
  1. clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
  2. capable of being seen or noticed
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25
Q

evoke

A
  • *vt. 引起，唤起；博得
  • ——————————————**
  1. call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
  2. evoke or provoke to appear or occur
  3. deduce (a principle) or construe (a meaning)
  4. summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic
  5. call to mind
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26
Q

experimental

A
  • *adj. 实验的；根据实验的；试验性的
  • ——————————————**
  1. relating to or based on experiment
  2. relying on observation or experiment
  3. of the nature of or undergoing an experiment
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27
Q

explosive

A
  • *adj. 爆炸的；爆炸性的；爆发性的
    n. 炸药；爆炸物
  • ——————————————**
  1. a chemical substance that undergoes a rapid chemical change (with the production of gas) on being heated or struck
  2. serving to explode or characterized by explosion or sudden outburst
  3. liable to lead to sudden change or violence
  4. sudden and loud
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28
Q

extraordinary

A
  • *adj. 非凡的；特别的；离奇的；临时的；特派的
  • ——————————————**
  1. beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable
  2. far more than usual or expected
  3. (of an official) serving an unusual or special function in addition to those of the regular officials
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29
Q

foreshorten

A
  • *vt. 透视缩短；节略；缩小深度而画；省略
  • ——————————————**
  1. reduce in scope while retaining essential elements
  2. shorten lines in a drawing so as to create an illusion of depth
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30
Q

frustrate

A
  • *vt. 挫败；阻挠；使感到灰心
    vi. 失败；受挫
    adj. 挫败的；无益的
  • ——————————————**
  1. hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of
  2. treat cruelly
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31
Q

germ

A
  • *n. [植] 胚芽，萌芽；细菌
    vi. 萌芽
  • ——————————————**
  1. anything that provides inspiration for later work
  2. a small apparently simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism
  3. a minute life form (especially a disease-causing bacterium); the term is not in technical use
32
Q

gourd

A
  • *n. 葫芦，葫芦属植物；脑瓜
    n. (Gourd)人名；(法)古尔；(英)古尔德
  • ——————————————**
  1. bottle made from the dried shell of a bottle gourd
  2. any of numerous inedible fruits with hard rinds
  3. any vine of the family Cucurbitaceae that bears fruits with hard rinds
33
Q

groan

A
  • *vi. 呻吟；抱怨；发吱嘎声
    vt. 呻吟；抱怨
    n. 呻吟；叹息；吱嘎声
  • ——————————————**
  1. an utterance expressing pain or disapproval
  2. indicate pain, discomfort, or displeasure
34
Q

hoe

A
  • *vt. 锄，用锄头
    vi. 用锄耕地
    n. 锄头
    n. (Hoe)人名；(英)霍；(越)槐
  • ——————————————**
  1. a tool with a flat blade attached at right angles to a long handle
  2. dig with a hoe
35
Q

hummingbird

A
  • *n. 蜂鸟
  • ——————————————**
  1. tiny American bird having brilliant iridescent plumage and long slender bills; wings are specialized for vibrating flight
36
Q

influx

A
  • *n. 流入；汇集；河流的汇集处
  • ——————————————**
  1. the process of flowing in
37
Q

ingenious

A
  • *adj. 有独创性的；机灵的，精制的；心灵手巧的
  • ——————————————**
  1. (used of persons or artifacts) marked by independence and creativity in thought or action
  2. skillful (or showing skill) in adapting means to ends
  3. showing inventiveness and skill
38
Q

innovation

A
  • *n. 创新，革新；新方法
  • ——————————————**
  1. a creation (a new device or process) resulting from study and experimentation
  2. the creation of something in the mind
  3. the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new
39
Q

intact

A
  • *adj. 完整的；原封不动的；未受损伤的
  • ——————————————**
  1. constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged
  2. not impaired or diminished in any way
  3. (of a woman) having the hymen unbroken
  4. (used of domestic animals) sexually competent
  5. undamaged in any way; whole
40
Q

intent

A
  • *n. 意图；目的；含义
    adj. 专心的；急切的；坚决的
  • ——————————————**
  1. an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions
  2. the intended meaning of a communication
  3. giving or marked by complete attention to
41
Q

jeopardize

A
  • *vt. 危害；使陷危地；使受危困
  • ——————————————**
  1. pose a threat to; present a danger to
  2. put at risk
42
Q

leading

A
  • *adj. 领导的；主要的
    n. 领导；铅板；行距
    v. 领导（lead的ing形式）
  • ——————————————**
  1. thin strip of metal used to separate lines of type in printing
  2. the activity of leading
  3. indicating the most important performer or role
  4. going or proceeding or going in advance; showing the way
  5. greatest in importance or degree or significance or achievement
43
Q

literally

A
  • *adv. 照字面地；逐字地；不夸张地；正确地；简直
  • ——————————————**
  1. in a literal sense
  2. (intensifier before a figurative expression) without exaggeration
44
Q

luminosity

A
  • *n. [光][天] 光度；光明；光辉
  • ——————————————**
  1. the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light
45
Q

maintain

A
  • *vt. 维持；继续；维修；主张；供养
  • ——————————————**
  1. keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g.,
  2. keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction
  3. supply with necessities and support
  4. state categorically
  5. have and exercise
46
Q

millennium

A
  • *n. 千年期，千禧年；一千年，千年纪念；太平盛世，黄金时代
  • ——————————————**
  1. a span of 1000 years
  2. (New Testament) in Revelations it is foretold that those faithful to Jesus will reign with Jesus over the earth for a thousand years; the meaning of these words have been much debated; some denominations (e.g. Jehovah’s Witnesses) expect it to be a thousand years of justice and peace and happiness
  3. the 1000th anniversary (or the celebration of it)
47
Q

motor

A
  • *n. 发动机，马达；汽车
    adj. 汽车的；机动的
    vi. 乘汽车
    vt. 以汽车载运
  • ——————————————**
  1. machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion
  2. a nonspecific agent that imparts motion
  3. travel or be transported in a vehicle
  4. conveying information to the muscles from the CNS
  5. causing or able to cause motion
48
Q

neolithic

A
  • *adj. [古] 新石器时代的；早先的
  • ——————————————**
  1. latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the middle east (but later elsewhere)
  2. of or relating to the most recent period of the Stone Age (following the mesolithic)
49
Q

nitrogen

A
  • *n. [化学] 氮
  • ——————————————**
  1. a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues
50
Q

notify

A
  • *vt. 通告，通知；公布
  • ——————————————**
  1. inform (somebody) of something
51
Q

poverty

A
  • *n. 贫困；困难；缺少；低劣
  • ——————————————**
  1. the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions
52
Q

pretty

A
  • *adj. 漂亮的；可爱的；优美的
    adv. 相当地；颇
    n. 漂亮的人
    n. (Pretty)人名；(英)普雷蒂
  • ——————————————**
  1. pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing
  2. (used ironically) unexpectedly bad
  3. used as an intensifier (`jolly’ is used informally in Britain)
53
Q

promising

A
  • *adj. 有希望的，有前途的
    v. 许诺，答应（promise的现在分词形式）
  • ——————————————**
  1. showing possibility of achievement or excellence
  2. full or promise
54
Q

promptly

A
  • *adv. 迅速地；立即地；敏捷地
  • ——————————————**
  1. with little or no delay
  2. in a punctual manner
  3. at once (usually modifies an undesirable occurrence)
55
Q

reception

A
  • *n. 接待；接收；招待会；感受；反应
  • ——————————————**
  1. the manner in which something is greeted
  2. a formal party of people; as after a wedding
  3. quality or fidelity of a received broadcast
  4. the act of receiving
  5. (American football) the act of catching a pass in football
56
Q

refund

A
  • *vi. 退还；偿还，归还
    vt. 退还；偿还；付还
    n. 退款；偿还，偿还额
  • ——————————————**
  1. money returned to a payer
  2. the act of returning money received previously
  3. pay back
57
Q

relay

A
  • *vi. 转播；接替
    n. [电] 继电器；接替，接替人员；驿马
    vt. 转播；使接替；分程传递
  • ——————————————**
  1. the act of passing something along from one person or group to another
  2. a crew of workers who relieve another crew
  3. a fresh team to relieve weary draft animals
  4. electrical device such that current flowing through it in one circuit can switch on and off a current in a second circuit
  5. pass along
58
Q

repertory

A
  • *n. 储备；仓库；全部剧目
  • ——————————————**
  1. a storehouse where a stock of things is kept
  2. the entire range of skills or aptitudes or devices used in a particular field or occupation
  3. a collection of works (plays, songs, operas, ballets) that an artist or company can perform and do perform for short intervals on a regular schedule
59
Q

replace

A
  • *vt. 取代，代替；替换，更换；归还，偿还；把…放回原处
  • ——————————————**
  1. substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)
  2. take the place or move into the position of
  3. put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items
  4. put something back where it belongs
60
Q

restore

A
  • *vt. 恢复；修复；归还
    vi. 恢复；还原
  • ——————————————**
  1. return to its original or usable and functioning condition
  2. return to life; get or give new life or energy
  3. give or bring back
  4. restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken
  5. bring back into original existence, use, function, or position
61
Q

retail

A
  • *vt. 零售；转述
    vi. 零售
    n. 零售
    adv. 以零售方式
    adj. 零售的
  • ——————————————**
  1. the selling of goods to consumers; usually in small quantities and not for resale
  2. be sold at the retail level
  3. sell on the retail market
  4. selling or related to selling direct to the consumer
  5. at a retail price
62
Q

ripe

A
  • *adj. 熟的，成熟的；时机成熟的
    vt. 搜查；调查
    vi. 进行搜查
    n. (Ripe)人名；(意、瑞典)里佩
  • ——————————————**
  1. fully developed or matured and ready to be eaten or used
  2. fully prepared or eager
  3. most suitable or right for a particular purpose
  4. at the highest point of development especially in judgment or knowledge
  5. far along in time
63
Q

saving

A
  • *n. 节约；挽救；存款
    adj. 节约的；挽救的；补偿的；保留的
    prep. 考虑到；除…之外
    n. (Saving)人名；(瑞典)萨温
  • ——————————————**
  1. an act of economizing; reduction in cost
  2. recovery or preservation from loss or danger
  3. the activity of protecting something from loss or danger
  4. bringing about salvation or redemption from sin
  5. characterized by thriftiness
64
Q

seismograph

A
  • *n. 地震仪
  • ——————————————**
  1. a measuring instrument for detecting and measuring the intensity and direction and duration of movements of the ground (as an earthquake)
65
Q

sequence

A
  • *n. [数][计] 序列；顺序；续发事件
    vt. 按顺序排好
  • ——————————————**
  1. serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern
  2. a following of one thing after another in time
  3. film consisting of a succession of related shots that develop a given subject in a movie
  4. the action of following in order
  5. several repetitions of a melodic phrase in different keys
66
Q

sieve

A
  • *n. [粮食][矿业] 筛子；滤网；不能保守秘密的人
    vt. 筛；滤
    vi. 筛；滤
    n. (Sieve)人名；(英)西夫
  • ——————————————**
  1. a strainer for separating lumps from powdered material or grading particles
  2. examine in order to test suitability
  3. check and sort carefully
  4. separate by passing through a sieve or other straining device to separate out coarser elements
  5. distinguish and separate out
67
Q

soda

A
  • *n. 苏打；碳酸水
    n. (Soda)人名；(意)索达；(日)曾田(姓)
  • ——————————————**
  1. a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper
  2. a sweet drink containing carbonated water and flavoring
68
Q

spectrum

A
  • *n. 光谱；频谱；范围；余象
  • ——————————————**
  1. an ordered array of the components of an emission or wave
  2. broad range of related values or qualities or ideas or activities
69
Q

spew

A
  • *vt. 喷出；呕吐
    vi. 喷涌；呕吐
  • ——————————————**
  1. expel or eject (saliva or phlegm or sputum) from the mouth
  2. eject or send out in large quantities, also metaphorical
  3. eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth
70
Q

sponge

A
  • *vt. 抹掉；用海绵擦拭；讨得
    vi. 采集海绵；过寄生生活；海绵般地吸收
    n. 海绵；海绵状物
  • ——————————————**
  1. a porous mass of interlacing fibers the forms the internal skeleton of various marine animals and usable to absorb water or any porous rubber or cellulose product similarly used
  2. someone able to acquire new knowledge and skills rapidly and easily
  3. a follower who hangs around a host (without benefit to the host) in hope of gain or advantage
  4. primitive multicellular marine animal whose porous body is supported by a fibrous skeletal framework; usually occurs in sessile colonies
  5. wipe with a sponge, so as to clean or moisten
71
Q

staggered

A
  • *adj. 错列的；吃惊的
    v. 蹒跚（stagger的过去式和过去分词）
  • ——————————————**
  1. an unsteady uneven gait
  2. walk as if unable to control one’s movements
  3. walk with great difficulty
  4. to arrange in a systematic order
  5. astound or overwhelm, as with shock
72
Q

stimulus

A
  • *n. 刺激；激励；刺激物
  • ——————————————**
  1. any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action
73
Q

stream

A
  • *n. 溪流；流动；潮流；光线
    vi. 流；涌进；飘扬
    vt. 流出；涌出；使飘动
  • ——————————————**
  1. a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth
  2. dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas
  3. a steady flow (usually from natural causes)
  4. the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression
  5. something that resembles a flowing stream in moving continuously
74
Q

sufficient

A
  • *adj. 足够的；充分的
  • ——————————————**
  1. of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant
75
Q

unbridgeable

A
  • *adj. 不能架桥的；不能逾越的
  • ——————————————**
  1. not bridgeable
76
Q

volunteer

A
  • *n. 志愿者；志愿兵
    adj. 志愿的
    vi. 自愿
    vt. 自愿
  • ——————————————**
  1. (military) a person who freely enlists for service
  2. a person who performs voluntary work
  3. a native or resident of Tennessee
  4. tell voluntarily
  5. agree freely
77
Q

weathering

A
  • *n. [地质] 风化作用；[水利] 泻水斜度；挡风雨材料
    v. 风干；使退色；经受住（weather的ing形式）
  • ——————————————**
  1. the meteorological conditions: temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation
  2. face or endure with courage
  3. cause to slope
  4. sail to the windward of
  5. change under the action or influence of the weather

TOEFL-45 (45 decks)

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