List-32 Flashcards
1
Q
accordion
A
- *adj. 可折叠的
n. 手风琴 - ——————————————**
- a portable box-shaped free-reed instrument; the reeds are made to vibrate by air from the bellows controlled by the player
2
Q
advocate
A
- *vt. 提倡,主张,拥护
n. 提倡者;支持者;律师 - ——————————————**
- a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea
- a lawyer who pleads cases in court
- push for something
- speak, plead, or argue in favour of
3
Q
aria
A
- *n. 咏叹调,独唱曲
n. (Aria)人名;(德、西、意)阿里亚 - ——————————————**
- an elaborate song for solo voice
4
Q
arouse
A
- *vt. 引起;唤醒;鼓励
vi. 激发;醒来;发奋 - ——————————————**
- call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
- stop sleeping
- summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic
- cause to be alert and energetic
- cause to become awake or conscious
5
Q
assert
A
- *vt. 维护,坚持;断言;主张;声称
- ——————————————**
- state categorically
- to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true
- insist on having one’s opinions and rights recognized
- assert to be true
6
Q
bagel
A
- *n. 百吉饼(先蒸后烤的发面圈);(体育比赛中)零蛋
- ——————————————**
- (Yiddish) glazed yeast-raised doughnut-shaped roll with hard crust
7
Q
barber
A
- *vt. 为…理发;修整
n. 理发师
vi. 当理发师
n. (Barber)人名;(西)巴尔韦尔;(英)巴伯;(罗)巴尔伯 - ——————————————**
- United States composer (1910-1981)
- a hairdresser who cuts hair and shaves beards as a trade
- perform the services of a barber: cut the hair and/or beard of
8
Q
circumference
A
- *n. 圆周;周长;胸围
- ——————————————**
- the size of something as given by the distance around it
- the boundary line encompassing an area or object
- the length of the closed curve of a circle
9
Q
civil
A
- *adj. 公民的;民间的;文职的;有礼貌的;根据民法的
n. (Civil)人名;(土)吉维尔;(法)西维尔 - ——————————————**
- applying to ordinary citizens
- not rude; marked by satisfactory (or especially minimal) adherence to social usages and sufficient but not noteworthy consideration for others
- of or occurring within the state or between or among citizens of the state
- of or relating to or befitting citizens as individuals
- (of divisions of time) legally recognized in ordinary affairs of life
10
Q
clinical
A
- *adj. 临床的;诊所的
- ——————————————**
- relating to a clinic or conducted in or as if in a clinic and depending on direct observation of patients
- scientifically detached; unemotional
11
Q
coalition
A
- *n. 联合;结合,合并
- ——————————————**
- an organization of people (or countries) involved in a pact or treaty
- the state of being combined into one body
- the union of diverse things into one body or form or group; the growing together of parts
12
Q
competing
A
- *adj. 相互矛盾的;抵触的
v. 竞赛(compete的ing形式) - ——————————————**
- being in competition
13
Q
confine
A
- *n. 界限,边界;约束;限制
vt. 限制;禁闭 - ——————————————**
- restrict or confine,
- place limits on (extent or access)
- prevent from leaving or from being removed
- close in or confine
- deprive of freedom; take into confinement
14
Q
confused
A
- *adj. 困惑的;混乱的;糊涂的
v. 困惑(confuse的过去式) - ——————————————**
- perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment
- lacking orderly continuity
- having lost your bearings; confused as to time or place or personal identity
- thrown into a state of disarray or confusion
- mentally confused; unable to think with clarity or act intelligently
15
Q
consider
A
- *vt. 考虑;认为;考虑到;细想
vi. 考虑;认为;细想 - ——————————————**
- deem to be
- give careful consideration to
- take into consideration for exemplifying purposes
- show consideration for; take into account
- think about carefully; weigh
16
Q
contamination
A
- *n. 污染,玷污;污染物
- ——————————————**
- the state of being contaminated
- a substance that contaminates
- the act of contaminating or polluting; including (either intentionally or accidentally) unwanted substances or factors
17
Q
contemporary
A
- *n. 同时代的人;同时期的东西
adj. 当代的;同时代的;属于同一时期的 - ——————————————**
- a person of nearly the same age as another
- characteristic of the present
- belonging to the present time
- occurring in the same period of time
18
Q
contest
A
- *vt. 争辩;提出质疑
vi. 竞争;争辩
n. 竞赛;争夺;争论 - ——————————————**
- an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants
- a struggle between rivals
- to make the subject of dispute, contention, or litigation
19
Q
deceptive
A
- *adj. 欺诈的;迷惑的;虚伪的
- ——————————————**
- causing one to believe what is not true or fail to believe what is true
- designed to deceive or mislead either deliberately or inadvertently
20
Q
disguise
A
- *vt. 掩饰;假装;隐瞒
n. 伪装;假装;用作伪装的东西 - ——————————————**
- an outward semblance that misrepresents the true nature of something
- any attire that modifies the appearance in order to conceal the wearer’s identity
- the act of concealing the identity of something by modifying its appearance
- make unrecognizable
21
Q
drainage
A
- *n. 排水;排水系统;污水;排水面积
- ——————————————**
- emptying something accomplished by allowing liquid to run out of it
22
Q
dull
A
- *adj. 钝的;迟钝的;无趣的;呆滞的;阴暗的
vt. 使迟钝;使阴暗;缓和
vi. 减少;变迟钝
n. (Dull)人名;(罗、匈)杜尔;(柬)杜;(英)达尔 - ——————————————**
- make dull in appearance
- become dull or lusterless in appearance; lose shine or brightness
- deaden (a sound or noise), especially by wrapping
- make numb or insensitive
- make dull or blunt
23
Q
envision
A
- *vt. 想象;预想
- ——————————————**
- imagine; conceive of; see in one’s mind
- picture to oneself; imagine possible
24
Q
factor
A
- *n. 因素;要素;[物] 因数;代理人
vi. 做代理商
vt. 把…作为因素计入;代理经营;把…分解成
n. (Factor)人名;(英)法克特 - ——————————————**
- anything that contributes causally to a result
- an abstract part of something
- any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
- one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer
- a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission
25
Q
factual
A
- *adj. 事实的;真实的
- ——————————————**
- existing in act or fact
- of or relating to or characterized by facts
- existing in fact whether with lawful authority or not
- characterized by fact
26
Q
familiarize
A
- *vt. 使熟悉
- ——————————————**
- make familiar or acquainted
27
Q
fatigue
A
- *n. 疲劳,疲乏;杂役
vt. 使疲劳;使心智衰弱
vi. 疲劳
adj. 疲劳的 - ——————————————**
- temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work
- used of materials (especially metals) in a weakened state caused by long stress
- (always used with a modifier) boredom resulting from overexposure to something
- labor of a nonmilitary kind done by soldiers (cleaning or digging or draining or so on)
- get tired of something or somebody
28
Q
flavoring
A
- *n. 调味品(等于flavour)
v. 加味于…(flavor的ing形式) - ——————————————**
- something added to food primarily for the savor it imparts
29
Q
homestead
A
- *n. 宅地;家园;田产
- ——————————————**
- the home and adjacent grounds occupied by a family
- land acquired from the United States public lands by filing a record and living on and cultivating it under the homestead law
- dwelling that is usually a farmhouse and adjoining land
- settle land given by the government and occupy it as a homestead
30
Q
hospitable
A
- *adj. 热情友好的;(环境)舒适的
- ——————————————**
- favorable to life and growth
- disposed to treat guests and strangers with cordiality and generosity
- having an open mind
31
Q
imperative
A
- *adj. 必要的,不可避免的;紧急的;命令的,专横的;势在必行的;[语]祈使的
n. 必要的事;命令;需要;规则;[语]祈使语气 - ——————————————**
- a mood that expresses an intention to influence the listener’s behavior
- some duty that is essential and urgent
- requiring attention or action
- relating to verbs in the imperative mood
32
Q
independent
A
- *adj. 独立的;单独的;无党派的;不受约束的
n. 独立自主者;无党派者 - ——————————————**
- a neutral or uncommitted person (especially in politics)
- a writer or artist who sells services to different employers without a long-term contract with any of them
- free from external control and constraint
- not dependent on or conditioned by or relative to anything else
- (of political bodies) not controlled by outside forces
33
Q
initiate
A
- *vt. 开始,创始;发起;使初步了解
n. 开始;新加入者,接受初步知识者
adj. 新加入的;接受初步知识的 - ——————————————**
- someone new to a field or activity
- someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field
- people who have been introduced to the mysteries of some field or activity
- bring into being
- take the lead or initiative in; participate in the development of
34
Q
intelligent
A
- *adj. 智能的;聪明的;理解力强的
- ——————————————**
- having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree
- possessing sound knowledge
- exercising or showing good judgment
- endowed with the capacity to reason
35
Q
ironically
A
- *adv. 讽刺地;说反话地
- ——————————————**
- contrary to plan or expectation
- in an ironic manner
36
Q
jar
A
- *n. 罐;广口瓶;震动;刺耳声
vi. 冲突;不一致;震惊;发刺耳声
vt. 震动;刺激;使震动
n. (Jar)人名;(罗)扎尔 - ——————————————**
- a vessel (usually cylindrical) with a wide mouth and without handles
- the quantity contained in a jar
- a sudden impact
- be incompatible; be or come into conflict
- move or cause to move with a sudden jerky motion
37
Q
labyrinth
A
- *n. 迷宫;[解剖] 迷路;难解的事物
- ——————————————**
- complex system of paths or tunnels in which it is easy to get lost
- a complex system of interconnecting cavities; concerned with hearing and equilibrium
38
Q
line
A
- *n. 路线,航线;排;绳
vt. 排成一行;划线于;以线条标示;使…起皱纹
vi. 排队;站成一排
n. (Line)人名;(英)莱恩;(俄)利涅 - ——————————————**
- a formation of people or things one beside another
- a mark that is long relative to its width
- a formation of people or things one behind another
- a length (straight or curved) without breadth or thickness; the trace of a moving point
- text consisting of a row of words written across a page or computer screen
39
Q
margin
A
- *n. 边缘;利润,余裕;页边的空白
vt. 加边于;加旁注于
n. (Margin)人名;(俄、意)马尔金 - ——————————————**
- the boundary line or the area immediately inside the boundary
- an amount beyond the minimum necessary
- the amount of collateral a customer deposits with a broker when borrowing from the broker to buy securities
- (finance) the net sales minus the cost of goods and services sold
- the blank space that surrounds the text on a page
40
Q
marsh
A
- *n. 沼泽;湿地
adj. 沼泽的;生长在沼泽地的
n. (Marsh)人名;(俄)马尔什;(英、瑞典)马什 - ——————————————**
- low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water
- United States painter (1898-1954)
- New Zealand writer of detective stories (1899-1982)
41
Q
medication
A
- *n. 药物;药物治疗;药物处理
- ——————————————**
- (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease
- the act of treating with medicines or remedies
42
Q
mild
A
- *adj. 温和的;轻微的;淡味的;文雅的;不含有害物质的的
n. (英国的一种)淡味麦芽啤酒
n. (Mild)人名;(瑞典)米尔德;(德、捷、芬)米尔德 - ——————————————**
- moderate in type or degree or effect or force; far from extreme
- humble in spirit or manner; suggesting retiring mildness or even cowed submissiveness
- mild and pleasant
43
Q
miracle
A
- *n. 奇迹,奇迹般的人或物;惊人的事例
n. (Miracle)人名;(英)米勒克尔;(意、西)米拉克莱 - ——————————————**
- any amazing or wonderful occurrence
- a marvellous event manifesting a supernatural act of God
44
Q
motif
A
- *n. 主题;动机;主旨;图形;意念
- ——————————————**
- a design that consists of recurring shapes or colors
- a theme that is elaborated on in a piece of music
- a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in a literary or artistic work
45
Q
multitude
A
- *n. 群众;多数
- ——————————————**
- a large indefinite number
- a large gathering of people
- the common people generally
46
Q
mundane
A
- *adj. 世俗的,平凡的;世界的,宇宙的
- ——————————————**
- found in the ordinary course of events
- concerned with the world or worldly matters
- belonging to this earth or world; not ideal or heavenly
47
Q
myriad
A
- *adj. 无数的;种种的
n. 无数,极大数量;无数的人或物 - ——————————————**
- a large indefinite number
- the cardinal number that is the product of ten and one thousand
- too numerous to be counted
48
Q
nectar
A
- *n. [植] 花蜜;甘露;神酒;任何美味的饮料
n. (Nectar)人名;(罗)内克塔尔 - ——————————————**
- a sweet liquid secretion that is attractive to pollinators
- fruit juice especially when undiluted
- (classical mythology) the food and drink of the gods; mortals who ate it became immortal
49
Q
oasis
A
- *n. 绿洲;舒适的地方;令人宽慰的事物
n. (Oasis)人名;(英)奥西斯 - ——————————————**
- a fertile tract in a desert (where the water table approaches the surface)
- a shelter serving as a place of safety or sanctuary
50
Q
olfactory
A
- *adj. 嗅觉的;味道的
n. 嗅觉器官 - ——————————————**
- of or relating to olfaction
51
Q
optimal
A
- *adj. 最佳的;最理想的
- ——————————————**
- most desirable possible under a restriction expressed or implied
52
Q
partial
A
- *adj. 局部的;偏爱的;不公平的
- ——————————————**
- the derivative of a function of two or more variables with respect to a single variable while the other variables are considered to be constant
- a harmonic with a frequency that is a multiple of the fundamental frequency
- being or affecting only a part; not total
- showing favoritism
- (followed by
of' or
to’) having a strong preference or liking for
53
Q
pesticide
A
- *n. 杀虫剂
- ——————————————**
- a chemical used to kill pests (as rodents or insects)
54
Q
plight
A
- *n. 困境;境况;誓约
vt. 保证;约定 - ——————————————**
- a situation from which extrication is difficult especially an unpleasant or trying one
- a solemn pledge of fidelity
- give to in marriage
- promise solemnly and formally
55
Q
potassium
A
- *n. [化学] 钾
- ——————————————**
- a light soft silver-white metallic element of the alkali metal group; oxidizes rapidly in air and reacts violently with water; is abundant in nature in combined forms occurring in sea water and in carnallite and kainite and sylvite
56
Q
potential
A
- *n. 潜能;可能性;[电] 电势
adj. 潜在的;可能的;势的 - ——————————————**
- the inherent capacity for coming into being
- the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts
- existing in possibility
- expected to become or be; in prospect
57
Q
practical
A
- *adj. 实际的;实用性的
- ——————————————**
- concerned with actual use or practice
- guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory
- being actually such in almost every respect
- having or put to a practical purpose or use
58
Q
refined
A
- *adj. [油气][化工][冶] 精炼的;精确的;微妙的;有教养的
- ——————————————**
- (used of persons and their behavior) cultivated and genteel
- freed from impurities by processing
- showing a high degree of refinement and the assurance that comes from wide social experience
- made pure
- suggesting taste, ease, and wealth
59
Q
reflect
A
- *vt. 反映;反射,照出;表达;显示;反省
vi. 反射,映现;深思 - ——————————————**
- manifest or bring back
- to throw or bend back or reflect (from a surface)
- reflect deeply on a subject
- be bright by reflecting or casting light
- give evidence of a certain behavior
60
Q
revitalize
A
- *vt. 使…复活;使…复兴;使…恢复生气
- ——————————————**
- restore strength
- give new life or vigor to
61
Q
roe
A
- *n. 鱼卵,鱼子;牝鹿,獐
n. (Roe)人名;(英、意)罗 - ——————————————**
- fish eggs or egg-filled ovary; having a grainy texture
- eggs of female fish
- the egg mass or spawn of certain crustaceans such as the lobster
- the eggs or egg-laden ovary of a fish
62
Q
sake
A
- *n. 目的;利益;理由;日本米酒
n. (Sake)人名;(罗)萨克;(日)酒(姓) - ——————————————**
- a reason for wanting something done
- Japanese alcoholic beverage made from fermented rice; usually served hot
- the purpose of achieving or obtaining
63
Q
sample
A
- *vt. 取样;尝试;抽样检查
n. 样品;样本;例子
adj. 试样的,样品的;作为例子的
n. (Sample)人名;(英)桑普尔 - ——————————————**
- a small part of something intended as representative of the whole
- items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population
- all or part of a natural object that is collected and preserved as an example of its class
- take a sample of
64
Q
sequoia
A
- *n. 红杉(产于美国加州)
- ——————————————**
- either of two huge coniferous California trees that reach a height of 300 feet; sometimes placed in the Taxodiaceae
65
Q
shallow
A
- *adj. 浅的;肤浅的
n. [地理] 浅滩
vt. 使变浅
vi. 变浅
n. (Shallow)人名;(英)沙洛 - ——————————————**
- a stretch of shallow water
- make shallow
- become shallow
- lacking physical depth; having little spatial extension downward or inward from an outer surface or backward or outward from a center
- not deep or strong; not affecting one deeply
66
Q
statistics
A
- *n. 统计;统计学;[统计] 统计资料
- ——————————————**
- a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters
67
Q
statue
A
- *n. 雕像,塑像
vt. 以雕像装饰 - ——————————————**
- a sculpture representing a human or animal
68
Q
steer
A
- *vt. 控制,引导;驾驶
vi. 驾驶,掌舵;行驶
n. 阉牛
n. (Steer)人名;(英)斯蒂尔;(德、匈)施特尔 - ——————————————**
- an indication of potential opportunity
- castrated bull
- direct the course; determine the direction of travelling
- direct (oneself) somewhere
- be a guiding force, as with directions or advice
69
Q
stock
A
- *n. 股份,股票;库存;血统;树干
adj. 存货的,常备的;平凡的
vt. 进货;备有;装把手于…
vi. 囤积;办货;出新芽
n. (Stock)人名;(德、匈、捷)施托克;(英、法、葡、瑞典)斯托克 - ——————————————**
- the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest (equity)
- liquid in which meat and vegetables are simmered; used as a basis for e.g. soups or sauces
- the merchandise that a shop has on hand
- a supply of something available for future use
- not used technically; any animals kept for use or profit
70
Q
submerge
A
- *vt. 淹没;把…浸入;沉浸
vi. 淹没;潜入水中;湮没 - ——————————————**
- sink below the surface; go under or as if under water
- cover completely or make imperceptible
- put under water
- fill or cover completely, usually with water
71
Q
subsidy
A
- *n. 补贴;津贴;补助金
- ——————————————**
- a grant paid by a government to an enterprise that benefits the public
72
Q
subsistence
A
- *n. 生活;生存;存在
- ——————————————**
- minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting
- a means of surviving
- the state of existing in reality; having substance
73
Q
summit
A
- *n. 顶点;最高级会议;最高阶层
adj. 最高级的;政府首脑的 - ——————————————**
- the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development
- the top point of a mountain or hill
- a meeting of heads of governments
- reach the summit of a mountain
74
Q
tarnish
A
- *n. 晦暗,无光泽;污点
vt. 玷污;使……失去光泽;使……变灰暗
vi. 失去光泽;被玷污;变灰暗 - ——————————————**
- discoloration of metal surface caused by oxidation
- make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically
75
Q
technique
A
- *n. 技巧,技术;手法
- ——————————————**
- a practical method or art applied to some particular task
- skillfulness in the command of fundamentals deriving from practice and familiarity
76
Q
telegraph
A
- *n. [通信] 电报机,电报
vt. 电汇;流露出;打电报给…
vi. 打电报 - ——————————————**
- apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire (usually in Morse code)
- send cables, wires, or telegrams
77
Q
temper
A
- *n. 脾气;(钢等)回火;性情;倾向
vt. 使回火;锻炼;调和;使缓和
vi. 回火;调和 - ——————————————**
- a sudden outburst of anger
- a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling
- a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger
- the elasticity and hardness of a metal object; its ability to absorb considerable energy before cracking
- toughen (steel or glass) by a process of gradually heating and cooling
78
Q
tempt
A
- *vt. 诱惑;引起;冒…的风险;使感兴趣
- ——————————————**
- dispose or incline or entice to
- provoke someone to do something through (often false or exaggerated) promises or persuasion
- give rise to a desire by being attractive or inviting
- induce into action by using one’s charm
- try to seduce
79
Q
terminology
A
- *n. 术语,术语学;用辞
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- a system of words used to name things in a particular discipline
80
Q
violently
A
- *adv. 猛烈地,激烈地;极端地
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- in a violent manner