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TOEFL-45 > List-31 > Flashcards

List-31 Flashcards

1
Q

absurd

A
  • *adj. 荒谬的；可笑的
    n. 荒诞；荒诞作品
  • ——————————————**
  1. a situation in which life seems irrational and meaningless
  2. inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense
  3. incongruous;inviting ridicule
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2
Q

admission

A
  • *n. 承认；入场费；进入许可；坦白；录用
  • ——————————————**
  1. the act of admitting someone to enter
  2. an acknowledgment of the truth of something
  3. the fee charged for admission
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3
Q

amino

A
  • *adj. 氨基的
    n. [化学] 氨基
    n. (Amino)人名；(日)网野(姓)；(英、意、印尼)阿米诺
  • ——————————————**
  1. the radical -NH2
  2. pertaining to or containing any of a group of organic compounds of nitrogen derived from ammonia
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4
Q

appliance

A
  • *n. 器具；器械；装置
  • ——————————————**
  1. a device or control that is very useful for a particular job
  2. durable goods for home or office use
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5
Q

atom

A
  • *n. 原子
  • ——————————————**
  1. (physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element
  2. (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything
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6
Q

attendance

A
  • *n. 出席；到场；出席人数
  • ——————————————**
  1. the act of being present (at a meeting or event etc.)
  2. the frequency with which a person is present
  3. the number of people that are present
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7
Q

augment

A
  • *vi. 增加；增大
    vt. 增加；增大
    n. 增加；增大
  • ——————————————**
  1. enlarge or increase
  2. grow or intensify
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8
Q

barren

A
  • *adj. 贫瘠的；不生育的；无益的；沉闷无趣的；空洞的
    n. 荒地
    n. (Barren)人名；(西、英)巴伦
  • ——————————————**
  1. an uninhabited wilderness that is worthless for cultivation
  2. providing no shelter or sustenance
  3. completely wanting or lacking
  4. not bearing offspring
  5. incapable of sustaining life
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9
Q

base

A
  • *n. 基础；底部；垒
    adj. 卑鄙的；低劣的
    vt. 以…作基础
    n. (Base)人名；(日)马濑(姓)
  • ——————————————**
  1. any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water
  2. installation from which a military force initiates operations
  3. lowest support of a structure
  4. place that runner must touch before scoring
  5. (numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place
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10
Q

calculate

A
  • *vi. 计算；以为；作打算
    vt. 计算；预测；认为；打算
  • ——————————————**
  1. make a mathematical calculation or computation
  2. judge to be probable
  3. keep an account of
  4. predict in advance
  5. specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public
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11
Q

cart

A
  • *n. 二轮运货马车
    vt. 用车装载
    vi. 驾运货马车；用运货车运送
    n. (Cart)人名；(法)卡尔；(英、芬)卡特
  • ——————————————**
  1. a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal
  2. wheeled vehicle that can be pushed by a person; may have one or two or four wheels
  3. draw slowly or heavily
  4. transport something in a cart
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12
Q

cavity

A
  • *n. 腔；洞，凹处
  • ——————————————**
  1. a sizeable hole (usually in the ground)
  2. space that is surrounded by something
  3. soft decayed area in a tooth; progressive decay can lead to the death of a tooth
  4. (anatomy) a natural hollow or sinus within the body
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13
Q

celebrate

A
  • *vt. 庆祝；举行；赞美；祝贺
    vi. 庆祝；过节；举行宗教仪式
  • ——————————————**
  1. celebrate, as of holidays or rites
  2. have a celebration
  3. assign great social importance to
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14
Q

chance

A
  • *n. 机会，际遇；运气，侥幸；可能性
    vt. 偶然发生；冒……的险
    vi. 碰巧；偶然被发现
    n. (Chance)人名；(英)钱斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances
  2. an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another
  3. a risk involving danger
  4. a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur; a number expressing the ratio of favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible
  5. the possibility of future success
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15
Q

circular

A
  • *adj. 循环的；圆形的；间接的
    n. 通知，传单
  • ——————————————**
  1. an advertisement (usually printed on a page or in a leaflet) intended for wide distribution
  2. having a circular shape
  3. shaped like a ring
  4. marked by or moving in a circle
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16
Q

clinic

A
  • *n. 临床；诊所
  • ——————————————**
  1. a medical establishment run by a group of medical specialists
  2. meeting for diagnosis of problems and instruction or remedial work in a particular activity
  3. a healthcare facility for outpatient care
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17
Q

condiment

A
  • *n. 调味品；佐料
  • ——————————————**
  1. a preparation (a sauce or relish or spice) to enhance flavor or enjoyment
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18
Q

counseling

A
  • *n. 咨询服务
    v. 建议；劝告；商讨（counsel的ing形式）
  • ——————————————**
  1. something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action
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19
Q

craftsman

A
  • *n. 工匠；手艺人；技工
  • ——————————————**
  1. a professional whose work is consistently of high quality
  2. a creator of great skill in the manual arts
  3. a skilled worker who practices some trade or handicraft
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20
Q

crude

A
  • *adj. 粗糙的；天然的，未加工的；粗鲁的
    n. 原油；天然的物质
  • ——————————————**
  1. a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons
  2. not carefully or expertly made
  3. conspicuously and tastelessly indecent
  4. not refined or processed
  5. belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness
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21
Q

decorate

A
  • *vt. 装饰；布置；授勋给
    vi. 装饰；布置
  • ——————————————**
  1. make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.
  2. be beautiful to look at
  3. award a mark of honor, such as a medal, to
  4. provide with decoration
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22
Q

dedication

A
  • *n. 奉献；献身
  • ——————————————**
  1. complete and wholehearted fidelity
  2. a ceremony in which something (as a building) is dedicated to some goal or purpose
  3. a message that makes a pledge
  4. a short message (as in a book or musical work or on a photograph) dedicating it to someone or something
  5. the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action
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23
Q

delight

A
  • *n. 高兴
    vi. 高兴
    vt. 使高兴
    n. (Delight)人名；(英)迪莱特
  • ——————————————**
  1. a feeling of extreme pleasure or satisfaction
  2. something or someone that provides pleasure; a source of happiness
  3. give pleasure to or be pleasing to
  4. take delight in
  5. hold spellbound
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24
Q

destruction

A
  • *n. 破坏，毁灭；摧毁
  • ——————————————**
  1. the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists
  2. an event (or the result of an event) that completely destroys something
  3. a final state
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25
Q

dinosaur

A
  • *n. 恐龙；过时、落伍的人或事物
  • ——————————————**
  1. any of numerous extinct terrestrial reptiles of the Mesozoic era
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26
Q

distinct

A
  • *adj. 明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的
  • ——————————————**
  1. easy to perceive; especially clearly outlined
  2. (often followed by `from’) not alike; different in nature or quality
  3. constituting a separate entity or part
  4. recognizable; marked
  5. clearly or sharply defined to the mind
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27
Q

disturbance

A
  • *n. 干扰；骚乱；忧虑
  • ——————————————**
  1. activity that is an intrusion or interruption
  2. an unhappy and worried mental state
  3. a disorderly outburst or tumult
  4. a noisy fight
  5. the act of disturbing something or someone; setting something in motion
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28
Q

dominate

A
  • *vt. 控制；支配；占优势；在…中占主要地位
    vi. 占优势；处于支配地位
  • ——————————————**
  1. be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance
  2. be in control
  3. have dominance or the power to defeat over
  4. look down on
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29
Q

doubt

A
  • *n. 怀疑；疑问；疑惑
    v. 怀疑；不信；恐怕；拿不准
  • ——————————————**
  1. the state of being unsure of something
  2. uncertainty about the truth or factuality of existence of something
  3. consider unlikely or have doubts about
  4. lack confidence in or have doubts about
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30
Q

exceptional

A
  • *adj. 异常的，例外的
    n. 超常的学生
  • ——————————————**
  1. far beyond what is usual in magnitude or degree
  2. surpassing what is common or usual or expected
  3. deviating widely from a norm of physical or mental ability; used especially of children below normal in intelligence
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31
Q

fascination

A
  • *n. 魅力；魔力；入迷
  • ——————————————**
  1. the state of being intensely interested (as by awe or terror)
  2. a feeling of great liking for something wonderful and unusual
  3. the capacity to attract intense interest
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32
Q

framework

A
  • *n. 框架，骨架；结构，构架
  • ——————————————**
  1. a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process
  2. the underlying structure
  3. a structure supporting or containing something
33
Q

freight

A
  • *vt. 运送；装货；使充满
    n. 货运；运费；船货
  • ——————————————**
  1. goods carried by a large vehicle
  2. transporting goods commercially at rates cheaper than express rates
  3. the charge for transporting something by common carrier
  4. transport commercially as cargo
  5. load with goods for transportation
34
Q

gland

A

n. 腺
密封压盖
——————————————-

  1. any of various organs that synthesize substances needed by the body and release it through ducts or directly into the bloodstream
35
Q

guilty

A
  • *adj. 有罪的；内疚的
  • ——————————————**
  1. responsible for or chargeable with a reprehensible act; or marked by guilt
  2. showing a sense of guilt
36
Q

idealize

A
  • *vi. 理想化；形成思想
    vt. 使理想化；理想化地描述
  • ——————————————**
  1. consider or render as ideal
  2. form ideals
37
Q

immigrant

A
  • *adj. 移民的；迁入的
    n. 移民，侨民
  • ——————————————**
  1. a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there
38
Q

integrate

A
  • *vt. 使…完整；使…成整体；求…的积分；表示…的总和
    vi. 求积分；取消隔离；成为一体
    adj. 整合的；完全的
    n. 一体化；集成体
  • ——————————————**
  1. make into a whole or make part of a whole
  2. open (a place) to members of all races and ethnic groups
  3. become one; become integrated
  4. calculate the integral of; calculate by integration
39
Q

interstellar

A
  • *adj. [航][天] 星际的
  • ——————————————**
  1. between or among stars
40
Q

laundry

A
  • *n. 洗衣店，洗衣房；要洗的衣服；洗熨；洗好的衣服
  • ——————————————**
  1. garments or white goods that can be cleaned by laundering
  2. workplace where clothes are washed and ironed
41
Q

liberty

A
  • *n. 自由；许可；冒失
    n. (Liberty)人名；(英)利伯蒂
  • ——————————————**
  1. immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence
  2. freedom of choice
  3. personal freedom from servitude or confinement or oppression
  4. leave granted to a sailor or naval officer
  5. an act of undue intimacy
42
Q

meteorological

A
  • *adj. 气象的；气象学的
  • ——————————————**
  1. of or pertaining to atmospheric phenomena, especially weather and weather conditions
43
Q

midterm

A
  • *adj. 期中的；中间的
    n. 期中考试
  • ——————————————**
  1. the middle of the gestation period
  2. middle of an academic term or a political term in office
  3. an examination administered in the middle of an academic term
44
Q

nap

A
  • *n. 小睡，打盹儿；细毛；孤注一掷
    vt. 使拉毛
    vi. 小睡；疏忽
    n. (Nap)人名；(朝、越)纳
  • ——————————————**
  1. a period of time spent sleeping
  2. a soft or fuzzy surface texture
  3. the yarn (as in a rug or velvet or corduroy) that stands up from the weave
  4. sleeping for a short period of time (usually not in bed)
  5. a card game similar to whist; usually played for stakes
45
Q

nonetheless

A
  • *adv. 尽管如此，但是
    conj. 尽管如此，但是
  • ——————————————**
  1. despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession)
46
Q

pancreas

A
  • *n. [解剖] 胰腺
  • ——————————————**
  1. a large elongated exocrine gland located behind the stomach; secretes pancreatic juice and insulin
47
Q

passive

A
  • *adj. 被动的，消极的；被动语态的
    n. 被动语态
  • ——————————————**
  1. the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb
  2. lacking in energy or will
  3. peacefully resistant in response to injustice
  4. expressing that the subject of the sentence is the patient of the action denoted by the verb
48
Q

peculiar

A
  • *adj. 特殊的；独特的；奇怪的；罕见的
    n. 特权；特有财产
  • ——————————————**
  1. beyond or deviating from the usual or expected
  2. unique or specific to a person or thing or category
  3. markedly different from the usual
  4. characteristic of one only; distinctive or special
49
Q

perishable

A
  • *adj. 易腐坏的；易毁灭的；会枯萎的
    n. 容易腐坏的东西
  • ——————————————**
  1. food that will decay rapidly if not refrigerated
  2. liable to perish; subject to destruction or death or decay
50
Q

pitch

A
  • *vi. 倾斜；投掷；搭帐篷；坠落
    vt. 投；掷；定位于；用沥青涂；扎营；向前倾跌
    n. 沥青；音高；程度；树脂；倾斜；投掷；球场
  • ——————————————**
  1. the property of sound that varies with variation in the frequency of vibration
  2. (baseball) the act of throwing a baseball by a pitcher to a batter
  3. a vendor’s position (especially on the sidewalk)
  4. promotion by means of an argument and demonstration
  5. degree of deviation from a horizontal plane
51
Q

plain

A
  • *adj. 平的；简单的；朴素的；清晰的
    n. 平原；无格式；朴实无华的东西
    adv. 清楚地；平易地
    n. (Plain)人名；(英)普莱恩；(法)普兰
  • ——————————————**
  1. extensive tract of level open land
  2. a basic knitting stitch
  3. express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness
  4. clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
  5. not elaborate or elaborated; simple
52
Q

pliable

A
  • *adj. 柔韧的；柔软的；圆滑的；易曲折的
  • ——————————————**
  1. susceptible to being led or directed
  2. capable of being shaped or bent or drawn out
  3. able to adjust readily to different conditions
  4. capable of being bent or flexed or twisted without breaking
53
Q

position

A
  • *n. 位置，方位；职位，工作；姿态；站位
    vt. 安置；把……放在适当位置
  • ——————————————**
  1. the particular portion of space occupied by something
  2. a point occupied by troops for tactical reasons
  3. a way of regarding situations or topics etc.
  4. the arrangement of the body and its limbs
  5. the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society
54
Q

precede

A
  • *vt. 领先，在…之前；优于，高于
    vi. 领先，在前面
  • ——————————————**
  1. be earlier in time; go back further
  2. come before
  3. be the predecessor of
  4. move ahead (of others) in time or space
  5. furnish with a preface or introduction
55
Q

prosper

A
  • *vi. 繁荣，昌盛；成功
    vt. 使……成功；使……昌盛；使……繁荣
    n. (Prosper)人名；(英、德、罗、法)普罗斯珀
  • ——————————————**
  1. grow stronger
  2. gain in wealth
56
Q

radius

A
  • *n. 半径，半径范围；[解剖] 桡骨；辐射光线；有效航程
    n. (Radius)人名；(意、印尼)拉迪乌斯；(英)雷迪厄斯；(法)拉迪于斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. the length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere
  2. a straight line from the center to the perimeter of a circle (or from the center to the surface of a sphere)
  3. a circular region whose area is indicated by the length of its radius
  4. the outer and slightly shorter of the two bones of the human forearm
  5. support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim
57
Q

reapply

A
  • *vi. 再申请；再运用
    vt. 再次应用；再次申请
  • ——————————————**
58
Q

rectangle

A
  • *n. 矩形；长方形
  • ——————————————**
  1. a parallelogram with four right angles
59
Q

remaining

A
  • *adj. 剩下的，剩余的
  • ——————————————**
  1. not used up
60
Q

repel

A
  • *vt. 击退；抵制；使厌恶；使不愉快
  • ——————————————**
  1. cause to move back by force or influence
  2. be repellent to; cause aversion in
  3. force or drive back
  4. reject outright and bluntly
  5. fill with distaste
61
Q

ridiculous

A
  • *adj. 可笑的；荒谬的
  • ——————————————**
  1. inspiring scornful pity
  2. incongruous;inviting ridicule
  3. broadly or extravagantly humorous; resembling farce
62
Q

rotate

A
  • *vi. 旋转；循环
    vt. 使旋转；使转动；使轮流
    adj. [植] 辐状的
  • ——————————————**
  1. turn on or around an axis or a center
  2. exchange on a regular basis
  3. cause to turn on an axis or center
  4. perform a job or duty on a rotating basis
  5. turn outward
63
Q

scheme

A
  • *n. 计划；组合；体制；诡计
    vi. 搞阴谋；拟订计划
    vt. 计划；策划
    n. (Scheme)人名；(瑞典)谢默
  • ——————————————**
  1. an elaborate and systematic plan of action
  2. a statement that evades the question by cleverness or trickery
  3. a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole
  4. an internal representation of the world; an organization of concepts and actions that can be revised by new information about the world
  5. a schematic or preliminary plan
64
Q

sensory

A
  • *adj. 感觉的；知觉的；传递感觉的
  • ——————————————**
  1. of a nerve fiber or impulse originating outside and passing toward the central nervous system
  2. involving or derived from the senses
  3. relating to or concerned in sensation
65
Q

significantly

A
  • *adv. 意味深长地；值得注目地
  • ——————————————**
  1. in a statistically significant way
  2. in a significant manner
  3. in an important way or to an important degree
66
Q

signify

A
  • *vt. 表示；意味；预示
    vi. 有重要性；要紧；冒充内行
  • ——————————————**
  1. denote or connote
  2. convey or express a meaning
  3. make known with a word or signal
67
Q

statistic

A
  • *adj. 统计的，统计学的
    n. 统计数值
  • ——————————————**
  1. a datum that can be represented numerically
68
Q

stir

A
  • *n. 搅拌；轰动
    vt. 搅拌；激起；惹起
    vi. 搅动；传播；走动
  • ——————————————**
  1. a prominent or sensational but short-lived news event
  2. emotional agitation and excitement
  3. a rapid active commotion
  4. move an implement through with a circular motion
  5. move very slightly
69
Q

strict

A
  • *adj. 严格的；绝对的；精确的；详细的
  • ——————————————**
  1. (of rules) stringently enforced
  2. rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard
  3. characterized by strictness, severity, or restraint
  4. incapable of compromise or flexibility
  5. severe and unremitting in making demands
70
Q

subsist

A
  • *vi. 存在；维持生活
    vt. 供养
  • ——————————————**
  1. support oneself
71
Q

tangle

A
  • *n. 纠纷；混乱状态
    vt. 使纠缠；处于混乱状态
    vi. 缠结；乱作一团
  • ——————————————**
  1. a twisted and tangled mass that is highly interwoven
  2. something jumbled or confused
  3. force into some kind of situation, condition, or course of action
  4. tangle or complicate
  5. disarrange or rumple; dishevel
72
Q

tornado

A
  • *n. [气象] 龙卷风；旋风；暴风；大雷雨
    n. (Tornado)人名；(西)托纳多
  • ——————————————**
  1. a localized and violently destructive windstorm occurring over land characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground
  2. a purified and potent form of cocaine that is smoked rather than snorted
73
Q

vehicle

A
  • *n. [车辆] 车辆；工具；交通工具；运载工具；传播媒介；媒介物
  • ——————————————**
  1. a conveyance that transports people or objects
  2. a medium for the expression or achievement of something
  3. a substance that facilitates the use of a drug or pigment or other material that is mixed with it
  4. any inanimate object (as a towel or money or clothing or dishes or books or toys etc.) that can transmit infectious agents from one person to another
74
Q

vivid

A
  • *adj. 生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的
  • ——————————————**
  1. evoking lifelike images within the mind
  2. having the clarity and freshness of immediate experience
  3. having striking color
  4. (of color) having the highest saturation
75
Q

wanna

A
  • *vt. 想要（等于want to）
  • ——————————————**
76
Q

wedge-shaped

A
  • *adj. 楔形的；V形的
  • ——————————————**
  1. of a leaf shape; narrowly triangular, wider at the apex and tapering toward the base
  2. shaped like a wedge
77
Q

whereby

A
  • *adv. 凭借；通过…；借以；与…一致
  • ——————————————**
78
Q

wispy

A
  • *adj. 象小束状的，纤细的；脆弱的
  • ——————————————**
  1. thin and weak
  2. lacking clarity or distinctness
79
Q

yarn

A
  • *n. 纱线；奇谈，故事
    vt. 用纱线缠
    vi. 讲故事
  • ——————————————**
  1. the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events
  2. a fine cord of twisted fibers (of cotton or silk or wool or nylon etc.) used in sewing and weaving
  3. tell or spin a yarn

TOEFL-45 (45 decks)

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