Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TOEFL-45 > List-1 > Flashcards

List-1 Flashcards

1
Q

forward

A
  • *adj. 向前的；早的；迅速的
    adv. 向前地；向将来
    vt. 促进；转寄；运送
    n. 前锋
    n. (Forward)人名；(英)福沃德
  • ——————————————**
  1. the person who plays the position of forward on a basketball team
  2. a position on a basketball team
  3. send or ship onward from an intermediate post or station in transit
  4. at or near or directed toward the front
  5. moving toward a position ahead
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

careless

A
  • *adj. 粗心的；无忧无虑的；淡漠的
    n. (Careless)人名；(英)凯尔利斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. marked by lack of attention or consideration or forethought or thoroughness; not careful
  2. effortless and unstudied
  3. (usually followed by `of’) without due thought or consideration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

chimpanzee

A
  • *n. [脊椎] 黑猩猩
  • ——————————————**
  1. intelligent somewhat arboreal ape of equatorial African forests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

deficiency

A
  • *n. 缺陷，缺点；缺乏；不足的数额
  • ——————————————**
  1. the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable
  2. lack of an adequate quantity or number
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

endless

A
  • *adj. 无止境的；连续的；环状的；漫无目的的
  • ——————————————**
  1. tiresomely long; seemingly without end
  2. infinitely great in number
  3. having no known beginning and presumably no end
  4. having the ends united so as to form a continuous whole
  5. occurring so frequently as to seem ceaseless or uninterrupted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

tow

A
  • *n. 拖；麻的粗纤维；拖曳所用之绳
    vt. 拖；牵引；曳
    vi. 被拖带；拖行
    n. (Tow)人名；(东南亚国家华语)道
  • ——————————————**
  1. the act of hauling something (as a vehicle) by means of a hitch or rope
  2. drag behind
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

debate

A
  • *vt. 辩论，争论，讨论
    vi. 辩论，争论，讨论
    n. 辩论；辩论会
  • ——————————————**
  1. a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal
  2. the formal presentation of and opposition to a stated proposition (usually followed by a vote)
  3. argue with one another
  4. think about carefully; weigh
  5. discuss the pros and cons of an issue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gym

A
  • *n. 健身房；体育；体育馆
  • ——————————————**
  1. athletic facility equipped for sports or physical training
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sweep

A
  • *vt. 扫除；猛拉；掸去
    vi. 扫，打扫；席卷；扫视；袭击
    n. 打扫，扫除；范围；全胜
  • ——————————————**
  1. a wide scope
  2. someone who cleans soot from chimneys
  3. winning all or all but one of the tricks in bridge
  4. a long oar used in an open boat
  5. (American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running around the end of the line
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

congestion

A
  • *n. 拥挤；拥塞；充血
  • ——————————————**
  1. excessive accumulation of blood or other fluid in a body part
  2. excessive crowding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

curriculum

A

n. 课程
总课程
——————————————-

  1. an integrated course of academic studies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

aggression

A
  • *n. 侵略；进攻；侵犯；侵害
  • ——————————————**
  1. a disposition to behave aggressively
  2. a feeling of hostility that arouses thoughts of attack
  3. violent action that is hostile and usually unprovoked
  4. the act of initiating hostilities
  5. deliberately unfriendly behavior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

term

A
  • *n. 术语；学期；期限；条款
    vt. 把…叫做
    n. (Term)人名；(泰)丁
  • ——————————————**
  1. a word or expression used for some particular thing
  2. a limited period of time
  3. (usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement
  4. any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial
  5. one of the substantive phrases in a logical proposition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

unearth

A
  • *vt. 发掘；揭露，发现；从洞中赶出
  • ——————————————**
  1. bring to light
  2. lay bare through digging
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

trial

A
  • *n. 试验；审讯；努力；磨炼
    adj. 试验的；审讯的
    n. (Trial)人名；(法)特里亚尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. (law) legal proceedings consisting of the judicial examination of issues by a competent tribunal
  2. the act of testing something
  3. (sports) a preliminary competition to determine qualifications
  4. (law) the determination of a person’s innocence or guilt by due process of law
  5. trying something to find out about it
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

varnish

A
  • *n. 亮光漆，清漆；虚饰；光泽面
    vt. 装饰，粉饰；在…上涂清漆；使…有光泽
  • ——————————————**
  1. paint that provides a hard glossy transparent coating
  2. cover with varnish
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dispute

A
  • *vt. 辩论；怀疑；阻止；抗拒
    vi. 争论
    n. 辩论；争吵
  • ——————————————**
  1. a disagreement or argument about something important
  2. coming into conflict with
  3. take exception to
  4. have a disagreement over something
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

collective

A
  • *adj. 集体的；共同的；集合的；集体主义的
    n. 集团；集合体；集合名词
  • ——————————————**
  1. members of a cooperative enterprise
  2. done by or characteristic of individuals acting together
  3. forming a whole or aggregate
  4. set up on the principle of collectivism or ownership and production by the workers involved usually under the supervision of a government
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

prevalent

A
  • *adj. 流行的；普遍的，广传的
  • ——————————————**
  1. encountered generally especially at the present time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

shuttle

A
  • *n. 航天飞机；穿梭；梭子；穿梭班机、公共汽车等
    vt. 使穿梭般来回移动；短程穿梭般运送
    vi. 穿梭往返
  • ——————————————**
  1. badminton equipment consisting of a ball of cork or rubber with a crown of feathers
  2. public transport that consists of a bus or train or airplane that plies back and forth between two points
  3. bobbin that passes the weft thread between the warp threads
  4. travel back and forth between two points
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

radiation

A
  • *n. 辐射；发光；放射物
  • ——————————————**
  1. energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles
  2. the act of spreading outward from a central source
  3. syndrome resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., exposure to radioactive chemicals or to nuclear explosions); low doses cause diarrhea and nausea and vomiting and sometimes loss of hair; greater exposure can cause sterility and cataracts and some forms of cancer and other diseases; severe exposure can cause death within hours
  4. the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay
  5. the spread of a group of organisms into new habitats
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sodium

A
  • *n. [化学] 钠（11号元素，符号 Na）
  • ——————————————**
  1. a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

strive

A
  • *vi. 努力；奋斗；抗争
  • ——————————————**
  1. attempt by employing effort
  2. to exert much effort or energy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

surplus

A
  • *n. 剩余；[贸易] 顺差；盈余；过剩
    adj. 剩余的；过剩的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a quantity much larger than is needed
  2. more than is needed, desired, or required
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

devotion

A
  • *n. 献身，奉献；忠诚；热爱
  • ——————————————**
  1. feelings of ardent love
  2. commitment to some purpose
  3. religious zeal; the willingness to serve God
  4. (usually plural) religious observance or prayers (usually spoken silently)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

doctrine

A
  • *n. 主义；学说；教义；信条
  • ——————————————**
  1. a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

sapphire

A
  • *n. 蓝宝石；[宝] 青玉；天蓝色
    adj. 天蓝色的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a precious transparent stone of rich blue corundum valued as a gemstone
  2. a transparent piece of sapphire that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem
  3. a light shade of blue
  4. of something having the color of a blue sapphire
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

conductivity

A
  • *n. 导电性；[物][生理] 传导性
  • ——————————————**
  1. the transmission of heat or electricity or sound
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

convince

A
  • *vt. 说服；使确信，使信服
  • ——————————————**
  1. make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

crevice

A
  • *n. 裂缝；裂隙
  • ——————————————**
  1. a long narrow depression in a surface
  2. a long narrow opening
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

glow

A
  • *vi. 发热；洋溢；绚丽夺目
    n. 灼热；色彩鲜艳；兴高采烈
  • ——————————————**
  1. an alert and refreshed state
  2. light from nonthermal sources
  3. the phenomenon of light emission by a body as its temperature is raised
  4. a feeling of considerable warmth
  5. a steady even light without flames
25
Q

tendency

A
  • *n. 倾向，趋势；癖好
  • ——————————————**
  1. an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others
  2. an inclination to do something
  3. a characteristic likelihood of or natural disposition toward a certain condition or character or effect
  4. a general direction in which something tends to move
27
Q

flat

A
  • *adj. 平的；单调的；不景气的；干脆的；平坦的；扁平的；浅的
    adv. （尤指贴着另一表面）平直地；断然地；水平地；直接地，完全地
    n. 平地；公寓；平面
    vt. 使变平；[音乐]使（音调）下降，尤指降半音
    vi. 逐渐变平；[音乐]以降调唱（或奏）
  • ——————————————**
  1. a level tract of land
  2. a shallow box in which seedlings are started
  3. a musical notation indicating one half step lower than the note named
  4. freight car without permanent sides or roof
  5. a deflated pneumatic tire
28
Q

pollen

A
  • *vt. 传授花粉给
    n. [植] 花粉
    n. (Pollen)人名；(英)波伦
  • ——————————————**
  1. the fine spores that contain male gametes and that are borne by an anther in a flowering plant
29
Q

manage

A
  • *vt. 管理；经营；控制；设法
    vi. 处理；应付过去
  • ——————————————**
  1. be successful; achieve a goal
  2. be in charge of, act on, or dispose of
  3. come to terms or deal successfully with
  4. watch and direct
  5. achieve something by means of trickery or devious methods
30
Q

spice

A
  • *n. 香料；情趣；调味品；少许
    vt. 加香料于…；使…增添趣味
    n. (Spice)人名；(英)斯派斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative
  2. any of a variety of pungent aromatic vegetable substances used for flavoring food
  3. the property of being seasoned with spice and so highly flavored
  4. make more interesting or flavorful
  5. add herbs or spices to
32
Q

discharge

A
  • *vt. 解雇；卸下；放出；免除
    vi. 排放；卸货；流出
    n. 排放；卸货；解雇
  • ——————————————**
  1. the sudden giving off of energy
  2. the act of venting
  3. a substance that is emitted or released
  4. any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body
  5. electrical conduction through a gas in an applied electric field
33
Q

brochure

A
  • *n. 手册，小册子
    n. (Brochure)人名；(法)布罗许尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. a small book usually having a paper cover
33
Q

load

A
  • *n. 负载，负荷；工作量；装载量
    vi. [力] 加载；装载；装货
    vt. 使担负；装填
  • ——————————————**
  1. weight to be borne or conveyed
  2. a quantity that can be processed or transported at one time
  3. goods carried by a large vehicle
  4. an amount of alcohol sufficient to intoxicate
  5. the power output of a generator or power plant
34
Q

overcharge

A
  • *n. 过度充电；超载；装药过多
    vt. 对……索价过高；使……过度充电
    vi. 过度充电；讨价过高
  • ——————————————**
  1. a price that is too high
  2. rip off; ask an unreasonable price
  3. place too much a load on
35
Q

juvenile

A
  • *adj. 青少年的；幼稚的
    n. 青少年；少年读物
  • ——————————————**
  1. a youthful person
  2. of or relating to or characteristic of or appropriate for children or young people
  3. displaying or suggesting a lack of maturity
35
Q

maritime

A
  • *adj. 海的；海事的；沿海的；海员的
  • ——————————————**
  1. relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen
  2. bordering on or living or characteristic of those near the sea
37
Q

interest

A
  • *n. 兴趣，爱好；利息；趣味；同行
    vt. 使……感兴趣；引起……的关心；使……参与
  • ——————————————**
  1. a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something
  2. the power of attracting or holding one’s attention (because it is unusual or exciting etc.)
  3. a reason for wanting something done
  4. a fixed charge for borrowing money; usually a percentage of the amount borrowed
  5. a diversion that occupies one’s time and thoughts (usually pleasantly)
37
Q

syllable

A
  • *n. 音节
    vt. 划分音节
    vi. 按音节发音；讲话
  • ——————————————**
  1. a unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme
38
Q

protagonist

A
  • *n. 主角，主演；主要人物，领导者
  • ——————————————**
  1. a person who backs a politician or a team etc.
  2. the principal character in a work of fiction
40
Q

balance

A
  • *n. 平衡；余额；匀称
    vt. 使平衡；结算；使相称
    vi. 保持平衡；相称；抵销
    n. (Balance)人名；(西)巴兰塞
  • ——————————————**
  1. a state of equilibrium
  2. a scale for weighing; depends on pull of gravity
  3. equality between the totals of the credit and debit sides of an account
  4. harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design)
  5. equality of distribution
41
Q

enforce

A
  • *vt. 实施，执行；强迫，强制
  • ——————————————**
  1. ensure observance of laws and rules
  2. compel to behave in a certain way
43
Q

council

A
  • *n. 委员会；会议；理事会；地方议会；顾问班子
    n. (Council)人名；(英)康斯尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. a body serving in an administrative capacity
  2. (Christianity) an assembly or theologians and bishops and other representative of different churches or dioceses that is convened to regulate matters of discipline or doctrine
  3. a meeting of people for consultation
44
Q

stretch

A
  • *vt. 伸展,张开
    vi. 伸展
    adj. 可伸缩的
    n. 伸展，延伸
    n. (Stretch)人名；(英)斯特雷奇
  • ——————————————**
  1. a large and unbroken expanse or distance
  2. the act of physically reaching or thrusting out
  3. a straightaway section of a racetrack
  4. exercise designed to extend the limbs and muscles to their full extent
  5. extension to or beyond the ordinary limit
46
Q

improve

A
  • *vt. 改善，增进；提高…的价值
    vi. 增加；变得更好
  • ——————————————**
  1. to make better
  2. get better
47
Q

diverse

A
  • *adj. 不同的；多种多样的；变化多的
  • ——————————————**
  1. many and different
  2. distinctly dissimilar or unlike
49
Q

investigate

A
  • *v. 调查；研究
  • ——————————————**
  1. investigate scientifically
  2. conduct an inquiry or investigation of
50
Q

acute

A
  • *adj. 严重的，[医] 急性的；敏锐的；激烈的；尖声的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a mark (‘) placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation
  2. having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course
  3. extremely sharp or intense
  4. having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions
  5. of an angle; less than 90 degrees
51
Q

honest

A
  • *adj. 诚实的，实在的；可靠的；坦率的
  • ——————————————**
  1. not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent
  2. without dissimulation; frank
  3. worthy of being depended on
  4. free from guile
  5. without pretensions
52
Q

acronym

A
  • *n. 首字母缩略词
  • ——————————————**
  1. a word formed from the initial letters of the several words in the name
53
Q

crossing

A
  • *n. 十字路口；杂交；横渡；横道
    v. 横越（cross的现在分词）
  • ——————————————**
  1. traveling across
  2. a shallow area in a stream that can be forded
  3. a point where two lines (paths or arcs etc.) intersect
  4. a junction where one street or road crosses another
  5. a path (often marked) where something (as a street or railroad) can be crossed to get from one side to the other
54
Q

obstruct

A
  • *vt. 妨碍；阻塞；遮断
    vi. 阻塞；设障碍
  • ——————————————**
  1. hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of
  2. block passage through
  3. shut out from view or get in the way so as to hide from sight
55
Q

solo

A
  • *n. 独奏；独唱；独奏曲
    adj. 独奏的；独唱的；单独的
    vt. 单人攀登；单独驾
    vi. 单独表演；放单飞
    adv. 单独地
  • ——————————————**
  1. any activity that is performed alone without assistance
  2. a musical composition for one voice or instrument (with or without accompaniment)
  3. a flight in which the aircraft pilot is unaccompanied
  4. fly alone, without a co-pilot or passengers
  5. perform a piece written for a single instrument
55
Q

wipe

A
  • *vt. 擦；消除；涂上
    vi. 擦；打
    n. 擦拭；用力打
  • ——————————————**
  1. the act of rubbing or wiping
  2. rub with a circular motion
57
Q

log

A
  • *vi. 伐木
    vt. 切；伐木；航行
    n. 记录；航行日志；原木
  • ——————————————**
  1. a segment of the trunk of a tree when stripped of branches
  2. large log at the back of a hearth fire
  3. the exponent required to produce a given number
  4. a written record of messages sent or received
  5. a written record of events on a voyage (of a ship or plane)
58
Q

mat

A
  • *n. 垫；垫子；衬边
    vt. 缠结；铺席于……上
    vi. 纠缠在一起
    adj. 无光泽的
    n. (Mat)人名；(土)马特；(柬)马；(英)马特，玛特(女名)(教名Matthew、Martha、Matilda的昵称)
  • ——————————————**
  1. a thick flat pad used as a floor covering
  2. mounting consisting of a border or background for a picture
  3. sports equipment consisting of a piece of thick padding on the floor for gymnastic sports
  4. a mass that is densely tangled or interwoven
  5. a master’s degree in teaching
59
Q

partly

A
  • *adv. 部分地；在一定程度上
  • ——————————————**
  1. in part; in some degree; not wholly
60
Q

awareness

A
  • *n. 意识，认识；明白，知道
  • ——————————————**
  1. having knowledge of
  2. state of elementary or undifferentiated consciousness
62
Q

scatter

A
  • *vi. 分散，散开；散射
    vt. 使散射；使散开，使分散；使散播，使撒播
    n. 分散；散播，撒播
  • ——————————————**
  1. a haphazard distribution in all directions
  2. the act of scattering
  3. to cause to separate and go in different directions
  4. move away from each other
  5. distribute loosely
64
Q

adhere

A
  • *vi. 坚持；依附；粘着；追随
    vt. 使粘附
  • ——————————————**
  1. be compatible or in accordance with
  2. follow through or carry out a plan without deviation
  3. come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation
  4. be a devoted follower or supporter
  5. be loyal to
65
Q

temporary

A
  • *adj. 暂时的，临时的
    n. 临时工，临时雇员
  • ——————————————**
  1. a worker (especially in an office) hired on a temporary basis
  2. not permanent; not lasting
  3. lacking continuity or regularity
66
Q

artistic

A
  • *adj. 艺术的；风雅的；有美感的
  • ——————————————**
  1. relating to or characteristic of art or artists
  2. satisfying aesthetic standards and sensibilities
  3. aesthetically pleasing
68
Q

rehabilitate

A
  • *vt. 使康复；使恢复名誉；使恢复原状
    vi. 复兴；复权；恢复正常生活
  • ——————————————**
  1. reinstall politically
  2. restore to a state of good condition or operation
  3. help to readapt, as to a former state of health or good repute
69
Q

foul

A
  • *adj. 犯规的；邪恶的；污秽的；淤塞的
    vt. 犯规；弄脏；淤塞；缠住，妨害
    vi. 犯规；腐烂；缠结
    n. 犯规；缠绕
    adv. 违反规则地，不正当地
  • ——————————————**
  1. an act that violates of the rules of a sport
  2. hit a foul ball
  3. make impure
  4. become or cause to become obstructed
  5. commit a foul; break the rules
70
Q

fare

A
  • *vi. 经营；进展；遭遇；过活
    n. 票价；费用；旅客；食物
    n. (Fare)人名；(瑞典)法勒；(法、意)法尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. an agenda of things to do
  2. the sum charged for riding in a public conveyance
  3. a paying (taxi) passenger
  4. the food and drink that are regularly consumed
  5. proceed or get along
71
Q

renovate

A
  • *vt. 更新；修复；革新；刷新
  • ——————————————**
  1. restore to a previous or better condition
  2. make brighter and prettier
  3. give new life or energy to
72
Q

stylistic

A
  • *adj. 体裁上的；格式上的；文体论的
  • ——————————————**
  1. of or relating to style (especially in the use of language)
73
Q

shellfish

A
  • *n. 甲壳类动物；贝类等有壳的水生动物
  • ——————————————**
  1. meat of edible aquatic invertebrate with a shell (especially a mollusk or crustacean)
  2. invertebrate having a soft unsegmented body usually enclosed in a shell
74
Q

essentially

A
  • *adv. 本质上；本来
  • ——————————————**
  1. at bottom or by one’s (or its) very nature
75
Q

predominant

A
  • *adj. 主要的；卓越的；支配的；有力的；有影响的
  • ——————————————**
  1. most frequent or common
  2. having superior power and influence
76
Q

expire

A
  • *vi. 期满；终止；死亡；呼气
    vt. 呼出（空气）
  • ——————————————**
  1. lose validity
  2. pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life
  3. expel air
77
Q

sensual

A
  • *adj. 感觉的；肉欲的；世俗的；感觉论的
  • ——————————————**
  1. marked by the appetites and passions of the body
  2. sexually exciting or gratifying

TOEFL-45 (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions