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TOEFL-45 > List-34 > Flashcards

List-34 Flashcards

1
Q

aesthetic

A
  • *adj. 美的；美学的；审美的，具有审美趣味的
  • ——————————————**
  1. (philosophy) a philosophical theory as to what is beautiful
  2. relating to or dealing with the subject of aesthetics
  3. concerning or characterized by an appreciation of beauty or good taste
  4. aesthetically pleasing
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2
Q

alert

A
  • *vt. 警告；使警觉，使意识到
    adj. 警惕的，警觉的；留心的
    n. 警戒，警惕；警报
    n. (Alert)人名；(西)阿莱尔特
  • ——————————————**
  1. condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action
  2. a warning serves to make you more alert to danger
  3. an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger
  4. warn or arouse to a sense of danger or call to a state of preparedness
  5. very attentive or observant
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3
Q

approach

A
  • *n. 方法；途径；接近
    vt. 接近；着手处理
    vi. 靠近
  • ——————————————**
  1. ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation
  2. the act of drawing spatially closer to something
  3. a way of entering or leaving
  4. the final path followed by an aircraft as it is landing
  5. the event of one object coming closer to another
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4
Q

audition

A
  • *n. 听力，听觉；试听
    vi. 试听；试音
    vt. 对…进行面试；让…试唱
  • ——————————————**
  1. the ability to hear; the auditory faculty
  2. a test of the suitability of a performer
  3. perform in order to get a role
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5
Q

biography

A
  • *n. 传记；档案；个人简介
  • ——————————————**
  1. an account of the series of events making up a person’s life
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6
Q

brighten

A
  • *vi. 明亮；变亮；活跃；快乐高兴
    vt. 使闪亮；使生辉；使快乐高兴
    n. (Brighten)人名；(英)布赖滕
  • ——————————————**
  1. make lighter or brighter
  2. become clear
  3. become brighter
  4. become brighter
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7
Q

buck

A
  • *n. （美）钱，元；雄鹿；纨绔子弟；年轻的印第安人或黑人
    n. (Buck)人名；(英、西)巴克；(法)比克；(德、瑞典、匈)布克
  • ——————————————**
  1. a gymnastic horse without pommels and with one end elongated; used lengthwise for vaulting
  2. a piece of paper money worth one dollar
  3. United States author whose novels drew on her experiences as a missionary in China (1892-1973)
  4. a framework for holding wood that is being sawed
  5. mature male of various mammals (especially deer or antelope)
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8
Q

burgeon

A
  • *n. 芽, 嫩枝
    vt. 萌芽, 发芽
    vi. 萌芽, 发芽
  • ——————————————**
  1. grow and flourish
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9
Q

campaign

A
  • *vi. 作战；参加竞选；参加活动
    n. 运动；活动；战役
  • ——————————————**
  1. a race between candidates for elective office
  2. a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end
  3. several related operations aimed at achieving a particular goal (usually within geographical and temporal constraints)
  4. an overland journey by hunters (especially in Africa)
  5. run, stand, or compete for an office or a position
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10
Q

carbon

A
  • *n. [化学] 碳；碳棒；复写纸
    adj. 碳的；碳处理的
    n. (Carbon)人名；(西)卡尔翁；(法)卡尔邦；(英)卡本
  • ——————————————**
  1. an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds
  2. a thin paper coated on one side with a dark waxy substance (often containing carbon); used to transfer characters from the original to an under sheet of paper
  3. a copy made with carbon paper
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11
Q

career

A
  • *n. 生涯；职业；事业；速度，全速
    adj. 作为毕生职业的
    vi. 全速前进，猛冲
  • ——————————————**
  1. the particular occupation for which you are trained
  2. the general progression of your working or professional life
  3. move headlong at high speed
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12
Q

centric

A
  • *adj. 中央的，中心的
  • ——————————————**
  1. having or situated at or near a center
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13
Q

chaos

A
  • *n. 混沌，混乱
    n. (Chaos)人名；(西)查奥斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. a state of extreme confusion and disorder
  2. the formless and disordered state of matter before the creation of the cosmos
  3. (Greek mythology) the most ancient of gods; the personification of the infinity of space preceding creation of the universe
  4. (physics) a dynamical system that is extremely sensitive to its initial conditions
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14
Q

climate

A
  • *n. 气候；风气；思潮；风土
  • ——————————————**
  1. the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time
  2. the prevailing psychological state
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15
Q

compile

A
  • *vt. 编译；编制；编辑；[图情] 汇编
  • ——————————————**
  1. get or gather together
  2. put together out of existing material
  3. use a computer program to translate source code written in a particular programming language into computer-readable machine code that can be executed
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16
Q

consequence

A
  • *n. 结果；重要性；推论
  • ——————————————**
  1. a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
  2. the outcome of an event especially as relative to an individual
  3. having important effects or influence
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17
Q

controversy

A
  • *n. 争论；论战；辩论
  • ——————————————**
  1. a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement
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18
Q

conversational

A
  • *adj. 对话的；健谈的
  • ——————————————**
  1. characteristic of informal spoken language or conversation
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19
Q

corona

A
  • *n. [物] 电晕；日冕；冠状物
    n. (Corona)人名；(罗、葡、西、意、英)科罗纳，科罗娜(女名)
  • ——————————————**
  1. the outermost region of the sun’s atmosphere; visible as a white halo during a solar eclipse
  2. (botany) the trumpet-shaped or cup-shaped outgrowth of the corolla of a daffodil or narcissus flower
  3. an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere
  4. one or more circles of light seen around a luminous object
  5. (anatomy) any structure that resembles a crown in shape
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20
Q

crazy

A
  • *adj. 疯狂的；狂热的，着迷的
  • ——————————————**
  1. someone deranged and possibly dangerous
  2. affected with madness or insanity
  3. foolish; totally unsound
  4. marked by foolish or unreasoning fondness
  5. possessed by inordinate excitement
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21
Q

cultivate

A
  • *vt. 培养；陶冶；耕作
  • ——————————————**
  1. foster the growth of
  2. prepare for crops
  3. train to be discriminative in taste or judgment
  4. adapt (a wild plant or unclaimed land) to the environment
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22
Q

diameter

A
  • *n. 直径
  • ——————————————**
  1. the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference
  2. a straight line connecting the center of a circle with two points on its perimeter (or the center of a sphere with two points on its surface)
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23
Q

equivalent

A
  • *adj. 等价的，相等的；同意义的
    n. 等价物，相等物
  • ——————————————**
  1. a person or thing equal to another in value or measure or force or effect or significance etc
  2. the atomic weight of an element that has the same combining capacity as a given weight of another element; the standard is 8 for oxygen
  3. equal in amount or value
  4. being essentially equal to something
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24
Q

fragile

A
  • *adj. 脆的；易碎的
  • ——————————————**
  1. easily broken or damaged or destroyed
  2. vulnerably delicate
  3. lacking solidity or strength and liable to break
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25
Q

generous

A
  • *adj. 慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的；有雅量的
  • ——————————————**
  1. willing to give and share unstintingly
  2. not petty in character and mind
  3. more than adequate
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26
Q

giant

A
  • *n. 巨人；伟人；[动] 巨大的动物
    adj. 巨大的；巨人般的
  • ——————————————**
  1. any creature of exceptional size
  2. a person of exceptional importance and reputation
  3. an unusually large enterprise
  4. a very large person; impressive in size or qualities
  5. someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful
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27
Q

glacier

A
  • *n. 冰河，冰川
  • ——————————————**
  1. a slowly moving mass of ice
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28
Q

gnaw

A
  • *vt. 咬；折磨；侵蚀
    vi. 咬；折磨；侵蚀
  • ——————————————**
  1. bite or chew on with the teeth
  2. become ground down or deteriorate
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29
Q

gulf

A
  • *n. 海湾；深渊；分歧；漩涡
    vt. 吞没
  • ——————————————**
  1. an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay
  2. an unbridgeable disparity (as from a failure of understanding)
  3. a deep wide chasm
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30
Q

host

A
  • *n. [计] 主机；主人；主持人；许多
    vt. 主持；当主人招待
    vi. 群集；做主人
  • ——————————————**
  1. a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there
  2. a vast multitude
  3. an animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite; it does not benefit and is often harmed by the association
  4. a person who acts as host at formal occasions (makes an introductory speech and introduces other speakers)
  5. archaic terms for army
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31
Q

humidity

A
  • *n. [气象] 湿度；湿气
  • ——————————————**
  1. wetness in the atmosphere
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32
Q

initially

A
  • *adv. 最初，首先；开头
  • ——————————————**
  1. at the beginning
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33
Q

intellect

A
  • *n. 智力，理解力；知识分子；思维逻辑领悟力；智力高的人
  • ——————————————**
  1. knowledge and intellectual ability
  2. the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination
  3. a person who uses the mind creatively
34
Q

internal

A
  • *adj. 内部的；内在的；国内的
  • ——————————————**
  1. happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface
  2. occurring within an institution or community
  3. inside the country
  4. located inward
  5. innermost or essential
35
Q

irregular

A
  • *n. 不规则物；不合规格的产品
    adj. 不规则的；无规律的；非正规的；不合法的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a member of an irregular armed force that fights a stronger force by sabotage and harassment
  2. merchandise that has imperfections; usually sold at a reduced price without the brand name
  3. contrary to rule or accepted order or general practice
  4. (of solids) not having clear dimensions that can be measured; volume must be determined with the principle of liquid displacement
  5. not occurring at expected times
36
Q

jumble

A
  • *n. 混乱；杂乱的一堆东西
    vi. 混杂；搀杂
    vt. 使混乱；搞乱
  • ——————————————**
  1. a confused multitude of things
  2. small flat ring-shaped cake or cookie
  3. a theory or argument made up of miscellaneous or incongruous ideas
  4. be all mixed up or jumbled together
  5. assemble without order or sense
37
Q

kinetic

A
  • *adj. [力] 运动的；活跃的
  • ——————————————**
  1. relating to the motion of material bodies and the forces associated therewith
  2. characterized by motion
  3. supplying motive force
38
Q

libel

A
  • *n. 诽谤罪；诋毁；毁坏名誉的东西；控诉书
    vt. 中伤；控告；对…进行诽谤
    vi. 进行文字诽谤
  • ——————————————**
  1. a false and malicious publication printed for the purpose of defaming a living person
  2. the written statement of a plaintiff explaining the cause of action (the defamation) and any relief he seeks
  3. print slanderous statements against
39
Q

lightning

A
  • *adj. 闪电的；快速的
    n. 闪电
    vi. 闪电
  • ——————————————**
  1. abrupt electric discharge from cloud to cloud or from cloud to earth accompanied by the emission of light
  2. the flash of light that accompanies an electric discharge in the atmosphere (or something resembling such a flash); can scintillate for a second or more
40
Q

linear

A
  • *adj. 线的，线型的；直线的，线状的；长度的
  • ——————————————**
  1. designating or involving an equation whose terms are of the first degree
  2. of or in or along or relating to a line; involving a single dimension
  3. of a circuit or device having an output that is proportional to the input
  4. of a leaf shape; long and narrow
  5. measured lengthwise
41
Q

maneuver

A
  • *n. [军] 机动；演习；策略；调遣
    vi. [军] 机动；演习；调遣；用计谋
    vt. [军] 机动；演习；用计；调遣
  • ——————————————**
  1. a military training exercise
  2. a plan for attaining a particular goal
  3. a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill
  4. a move made to gain a tactical end
  5. an action aimed at evading an opponent
42
Q

mechanic

A
  • *n. 技工，机修工
    adj. 手工的
    n. (Mechanic)人名；(英)梅凯尼克
  • ——————————————**
  1. a craftsman skilled in operating machine tools
  2. someone whose occupation is repairing and maintaining automobiles
  3. resembling the action of a machine
43
Q

muscular

A
  • *adj. 肌肉的；肌肉发达的；强健的
  • ——————————————**
  1. of or relating to or consisting of muscle
  2. having a robust muscular body-build characterized by predominance of structures (bone and muscle and connective tissue) developed from the embryonic mesodermal layer
  3. having or suggesting great physical power or force
  4. (of a person) possessing physical strength and weight; rugged and powerful
44
Q

naked

A
  • *adj. 裸体的；无装饰的；无证据的；直率的
  • ——————————————**
  1. completely unclothed
  2. having no protecting or concealing cover
  3. (of the eye or ear e.g.) without the aid of an optical or acoustical device or instrument
  4. devoid of elaboration or diminution or concealment; bare and pure
  5. lacking any cover
45
Q

nickel

A
  • *n. 镍；镍币；五分镍币
    vt. 镀镍于
    n. (Nickel)人名；(德、英)尼克尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. a hard malleable ductile silvery metallic element that is resistant to corrosion; used in alloys; occurs in pentlandite and smaltite and garnierite and millerite
  2. a United States coin worth one twentieth of a dollar
  3. five dollars worth of a drug
  4. plate with nickel
46
Q

oak

A
  • *n. 橡树；橡木色；橡木家具
    adj. 栎树的；栎木制的
    n. (Oak)人名；(英)奥克
  • ——————————————**
  1. the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring
  2. a deciduous tree of the genus Quercus; has acorns and lobed leaves
47
Q

outgas

A
  • *vt. 用加热方法除去气体
    vi. 除气
  • ——————————————**
48
Q

panorama

A
  • *n. 全景，全貌；全景画；概论
  • ——————————————**
  1. the visual percept of a region
  2. a picture (or series of pictures) representing a continuous scene
49
Q

partnership

A
  • *n. 合伙；[经管] 合伙企业；合作关系；合伙契约
  • ——————————————**
  1. the members of a business venture created by contract
  2. a cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goal
  3. a contract between two or more persons who agree to pool talent and money and share profits or losses
50
Q

patriarch

A
  • *n. 家长；族长；元老；创始人
  • ——————————————**
  1. title for the heads of the Eastern Orthodox Churches (in Istanbul and Alexandria and Moscow and Jerusalem)
  2. the male head of family or tribe
  3. any of the early biblical characters regarded as fathers of the human race
  4. a man who is older and higher in rank than yourself
51
Q

pattern

A
  • *n. 模式；图案；样品
    vt. 模仿；以图案装饰
    vi. 形成图案
  • ——————————————**
  1. a perceptual structure
  2. a customary way of operation or behavior
  3. a decorative or artistic work
  4. something regarded as a normative example
  5. a model considered worthy of imitation
52
Q

perish

A
  • *vt. 使麻木；毁坏
    vi. 死亡；毁灭；腐烂；枯萎
  • ——————————————**
  1. pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life
53
Q

precursor

A
  • *n. 先驱，前导
  • ——————————————**
  1. a substance from which another substance is formed (especially by a metabolic reaction)
  2. a person who goes before or announces the coming of another
  3. an indication of the approach of something or someone
54
Q

primate

A
  • *n. 大主教；灵长类的动物；首领
    adj. 灵长目动物的；首要的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a senior clergyman and dignitary
  2. any placental mammal of the order Primates; has good eyesight and flexible hands and feet
55
Q

pueblo

A
  • *n. 普韦布洛（美国科罗拉多州中部一城市）；印第安人村庄
  • ——————————————**
  1. a member of any of about two dozen Native American peoples called pueblos by the Spanish because they live in villages built of adobe and rock
  2. a city in Colorado south of Colorado Springs
  3. a communal village built by Indians in the southwestern United States
56
Q

quartz

A
  • *n. 石英
  • ——————————————**
  1. colorless glass made of almost pure silica
  2. a hard glossy mineral consisting of silicon dioxide in crystal form; present in most rocks (especially sandstone and granite); yellow sand is quartz with iron oxide impurities
57
Q

ratify

A
  • *vt. 批准；认可
  • ——————————————**
  1. approve and express assent, responsibility, or obligation
58
Q

receptor

A
  • *n. [生化] 受体；接受器；感觉器官
  • ——————————————**
  1. a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response
  2. an organ having nerve endings (in the skin or viscera or eye or ear or nose or mouth) that respond to stimulation
59
Q

record

A
  • *vt. 记录，记载；标明；将…录音
    vi. 记录；录音
    n. 档案，履历；唱片；最高纪录
    adj. 创纪录的
    n. (Record)人名；(法)勒科尔；(英)雷科德
  • ——————————————**
  1. anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events
  2. the number of wins versus losses and ties a team has had
  3. an extreme attainment; the best (or worst) performance ever attested (as in a sport)
  4. sound recording consisting of a disk with a continuous groove; used to reproduce music by rotating while a phonograph needle tracks in the groove
  5. the sum of recognized accomplishments
60
Q

recycle

A
  • *vt. 使再循环；使…重新利用
    vi. 重复利用
    n. 再生；再循环；重复利用
  • ——————————————**
  1. cause to repeat a cycle
  2. use again after processing
61
Q

reluctant

A
  • *adj. 不情愿的；勉强的；顽抗的
  • ——————————————**
  1. unwillingness to do something contrary to your custom
  2. unwilling to become involved
  3. not eager
62
Q

respond

A
  • *vi. 回答；作出反应；承担责任
    vt. 以…回答
    n. 应答；唱和
  • ——————————————**
  1. show a response or a reaction to something
  2. reply or respond to
  3. respond favorably or as hoped
63
Q

revise

A
  • *vt. 修正；复习；校订
    vi. 修订；校订；复习功课
    n. 修订；校订
    n. (Revise)人名；(法)勒维斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. the act of rewriting something
  2. make revisions in
  3. revise or reorganize, especially for the purpose of updating and improving
64
Q

rigid

A
  • *adj. 严格的；僵硬的，死板的；坚硬的；精确的
  • ——————————————**
  1. incapable of or resistant to bending
  2. incapable of compromise or flexibility
  3. incapable of adapting or changing to meet circumstances
  4. fixed and unmoving
  5. designating an airship or dirigible having a form maintained by a stiff unyielding frame or structure
65
Q

rustproof

A
  • *adj. 防锈的；不锈的
    vt. 使抗锈
  • ——————————————**
  1. treated against rusting
66
Q

sediment

A
  • *n. 沉积；沉淀物
  • ——————————————**
  1. matter that has been deposited by some natural process
  2. deposit as a sediment
  3. settle as sediment
67
Q

sense

A
  • *n. 感觉，官能；观念；道理；理智
    vt. 感觉到；检测
    n. (Sense)人名；(英)森斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. a general conscious awareness
  2. the meaning of a word or expression; the way in which a word or expression or situation can be interpreted
  3. the faculty through which the external world is apprehended
  4. sound practical judgment
  5. a natural appreciation or ability
68
Q

setting

A
  • *n. 环境；安装；布置；[天] 沉落
    v. 放置；沉没；使…处于某位置（set的ing形式）
  • ——————————————**
  1. the context and environment in which something is set
  2. the state of the environment in which a situation exists
  3. arrangement of scenery and properties to represent the place where a play or movie is enacted
  4. the physical position of something
  5. a table service for one person
69
Q

sharply

A
  • *adv. 急剧地；锐利地
  • ——————————————**
  1. in an aggressive manner
  2. in a well delineated manner
  3. changing suddenly in direction and degree
  4. very suddenly and to a great degree
70
Q

sociable

A
  • *adj. 社交的；好交际的；友善的
    n. 联谊会
  • ——————————————**
  1. a party of people assembled to promote sociability and communal activity
  2. inclined to or conducive to companionship with others
  3. friendly and pleasant
71
Q

souvenir

A
  • *n. 纪念品；礼物
    vt. 把…留作纪念
  • ——————————————**
  1. something of sentimental value
  2. a reminder of past events
72
Q

spiny

A
  • *adj. 多刺的；麻烦的；尖刺状的
  • ——————————————**
  1. having spines
  2. having or covered with protective barbs or quills or spines or thorns or setae etc.
73
Q

stardom

A
  • *n. 演员们；明星界；明星身份
  • ——————————————**
  1. the status of being acknowledged as a star
74
Q

subspecies

A
  • *n. [生物] 亚种
  • ——————————————**
  1. (biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species
75
Q

summary

A
  • *adj. 简易的；扼要的
    n. 概要，摘要，总结
  • ——————————————**
  1. a brief statement that presents the main points in a concise form
  2. performed speedily and without formality
  3. briefly giving the gist of something
76
Q

switch

A
  • *vt. 转换；用鞭子等抽打
    vi. 转换；抽打；换防
    n. 开关；转换；鞭子
  • ——————————————**
  1. control consisting of a mechanical or electrical or electronic device for making or breaking or changing the connections in a circuit
  2. an event in which one thing is substituted for another
  3. hairpiece consisting of a tress of false hair; used by women to give shape to a coiffure
  4. railroad track having two movable rails and necessary connections; used to turn a train from one track to another or to store rolling stock
  5. a flexible implement used as an instrument of punishment
77
Q

teem

A
  • *vi. 大量出现；充满
    vt. 倒出
    n. (Teem)人名；(英)蒂姆
  • ——————————————**
  1. be teeming, be abuzz
  2. move in large numbers
78
Q

thorough

A
  • *adj. 彻底的；十分的；周密的
  • ——————————————**
  1. painstakingly careful and accurate
  2. very thorough; exhaustively complete
79
Q

violent

A
  • *adj. 暴力的；猛烈的
  • ——————————————**
  1. acting with or marked by or resulting from great force or energy or emotional intensity
  2. effected by force or injury rather than natural causes
  3. (of colors or sounds) intensely vivid or loud
  4. marked by extreme intensity of emotions or convictions; inclined to react violently; fervid
  5. characterized by violence or bloodshed
80
Q

wholesome

A
  • *adj. 健全的；有益健康的；合乎卫生的；审慎的
  • ——————————————**
  1. conducive to or characteristic of physical or moral well-being
  2. sound or exhibiting soundness in body or mind

TOEFL-45 (45 decks)

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