lesson 71 포함하다, 제외하다

Question 1

tattoo

Answer 1

문신

Question 2

camel

Answer 2

낙타

Question 3

dolphin

Answer 3

돌고래

Question 4

dirt/mud

Answer 4

흙

Question 5

lower bidy

Answer 5

하체

Question 6

upper body

Answer 6

상체

Question 7

lighting

Answer 7

조명

Question 8

wine

Answer 8

포도주

Question 9

hard liquor

Answer 9

양주

Question 10

membership

Answer 10

회원권

Question 11

drug

Answer 11

마약

Question 12

ambulance

Answer 12

구급차

Question 13

monthly rent

Answer 13

월세

Question 14

gas bill (at one’s home)

Answer 14

가스비

Question 15

fee, charge

Answer 15

비용

Question 16

outside of, in addition to

Answer 16

외

Question 17

to exclude (except..)

Answer 17

제외하다

Question 18

to hit, beat

Answer 18

때리다

Question 19

to yueld

Answer 19

양보하다

Question 20

to be flat

Answer 20

평평하다

Question 21

to be early, premature

Answer 21

이르다

Question 22

포함하다 is used to indicate that something is included but 포함되다 is more natural and when using this add 이/가 onto the noun “included”
common to add 아/어 있다 when using 포함되다

Answer 22

이 뷔페가격은 포도주가 포함되어 있어요 - this buffet price includes wine
이 조명 가격은 세금이 포함되어 있어요 - the price of these lights include tax

Question 23

포함하다/되다 can be used in middle of sentence to indicate what’s included in a situation

Answer 23

저의 친구를 포함해(서) 열 명이 같이 여행할 거에요 - including my friend, ten people will go travel together
다리에 있는 문신을 포함해(서) 저는 문신 네 개가 있어요 - including the tattoo on my leg, i have four tattoos

Question 24

can also used 포함하다 with (으)면. would be the same as attaching it to 아/어(서)

Answer 24

저의 친구를 포함하면 열 명이 같이 여행을 할 거에요 - if you include my friend, tell people will go travel together

Question 25

제외하다 can be used to say something is “excluded” from a situation

Answer 25

나쁜 성적 때문에 학생은 여행에서 제외되었어요 - the student was excluded from the trip because of his bad grades (passive)
나쁜 성적 때문에 선생님은 그 학생을 여행에서 제외했어요 - the teacher excluded the student from the trip because of his bad grades (active)

Question 26

제외하다 can be placed in middle of sentence to indicate what’s excluded 제외한 or 제외하고 is placed after the noun excluded

Answer 26

열 명을 제외한 사람들이 다 죽었어요 - except for ten peopl, everyone died
저는 축구를 제외하고 모든 스포츠가 좋아요 - i like all sports except for football

Question 27

제외한 is describing the upcoming noun. if it is also being describe by a verb, it’s better to use 제외하고

Answer 27

열 명을 제외하고 그 공장에서 일한 사람들이 다 죽었어요 - except for ten people, everybody working at that factory died

Question 28

when excluding an adverb, it’s better to use 제외하고

Answer 28

일요일을 제외하고 저는 매일 일해요 - except for sunday, i work every day
시간이 너무 일러서 경비아저씨를 제외하고 밖에 아무도 없어요 - it’s too early, so except for the security guard there’s nobody outside

Question 29

빼다 can be used instead of 제외하다 when saying to exclude something

Answer 29

구급차를 빼고 차가 이 길에서 운전하는 것이 불법이에요 - except for ambulances/emergency cars, it’s illegal for a car to drive on this road
어린이를 빼고 저는 버스에서 자리를 아무에게도 양보하지 않아요 - except for children, i don’t yield (give) my seat to anybody on the bus

Question 30

빼다 is commonly used to order something and request smthn not to be included

Answer 30

설탕 빼고요 - please hold the sugar
음료수에 얼음 빼고 주세요 - please don’t put ice in my drink

Question 31

포함하다 can be used with (으)면 to say “if u exclude”

Answer 31

저를 포함한다면 모든 사람들이 갈 거에요 - if you exclude me, everybody is going

Question 32

외에 after a noun means “outside of (noun)” or “other than (noun)”

Answer 32

그 외에 다른 것이 필요해요 - outside of that, o you need something else
조명 외에 또 고쳐야 되는 것이 있나요- other than lighting, is there anything else that needs to be fixed