lesson 105: small grammsr points

Question 1

to be collapsed

Answer 1

무너지다

Question 2

to collapse something

Answer 2

무너뜨리다

Question 3

to be tangled

Answer 3

헝클어지다

Question 4

to tangle something

Answer 4

헝클어뜨리다

Question 5

to be smashed/crushed

Answer 5

부서지다

Question 6

to smash/crush

Answer 6

부서뜨리다

Question 7

to be broken/fractured

Answer 7

부러지다

Question 8

to break/fracture

Answer 8

부러뜨리다

Question 9

to be messy/untidy

Answer 9

흐트러지다

Question 10

to make messy/untidy

Answer 10

흐트러뜨리다

Question 11

to be bent

Answer 11

구부러지다

Question 12

to bend

Answer 12

구부러뜨리다

Question 13

to explode

Answer 13

터지다

Question 14

to make explode

Answer 14

터뜨리다

Question 15

western

Answer 15

서구

Question 16

westernization

Answer 16

서구화

Question 17

modern

Answer 17

현대

Question 18

modernization

Answer 18

현대화

Question 19

general

Answer 19

일반

Question 20

generalization

Answer 20

일반화

Question 21

rationality

Answer 21

합리

Question 22

rationalization

Answer 22

합리화

Question 23

mass/popular

Answer 23

대중

Question 24

popularization

Answer 24

대중화

Question 25

standard

Answer 25

평준

Question 26

standardization

Answer 26

평준화

Question 27

diversity

Answer 27

다양

Question 28

diversification

Answer 28

다양화

Question 29

industry

Answer 29

산업

Question 30

industrialization

Answer 30

산업화

Question 31

commerce

Answer 31

상업

Question 32

commercialization

Answer 32

상업화

Question 33

acceleration

Answer 33

가속
가속화

Question 34

differentiation

Answer 34

차별

Question 35

differentiate

Answer 35

차별화하다

Question 36

simplicity

Answer 36

간소

Question 37

simplification

Answer 37

간소화

Question 38

vitality

Answer 38

활성

Question 39

vitalization

Answer 39

활성화

Question 40

standard

Answer 40

표준

Question 41

standardization

Answer 41

표준화

Question 42

words ending in ~아/어뜨리다 have a subject that actually does the action to the object

Answer 42

나는 병을 떨어뜨렸다 - i dropped the bottle

Question 43

words ending in ~아/어지다 indicate that something occurs, usually without indication who/what cause the action to occur

Answer 43

병이 탁자에서 떨어졌다 - the bottle fell from the table

Question 44

건물이 쓰러졌다
바람은 건물을 쓰러뜨렸다

Answer 44

the building was knocked down
the wind knocked down the building

Question 45

제가 화가 많이 나서 연필을 부러뜨렸어요

Answer 45

i was so mad that i broke the pencil

Question 46

친구의 편지를 받아서 마음이 누그러졌어요

Answer 46

i recieved my friends letter and my heart melted

Question 47

칼로 풍선을 터뜨렸어요

Answer 47

i exploded the balloon with a knife

Question 48

화 is often placed after the noun form of a 하다 verb to indicate that the noun represents some sort of change
the ~ification of something

Answer 48

국제 - international/global
국제화 - internationalization/globalization

Question 49

요즘에 오래된 도시를 현대화하는 곳이 많아요

Answer 49

these days there’s a lot of old cities that are modernizing themselves

Question 50

adding ~아/어하다 to adjectives indicates the speaker is talking to another person and trying to describe what they’re feeling

Answer 50

부끄럽다 —> 부끄러워하다
슬프다 —> 슬퍼하다
기쁘다 —> 기뻐하다

Question 51

it’s hard for one person to inherently know what another person wants so ~아/어하다 is often added 싶다

Answer 51

희영이는 밥을 먹고 싶어해 - heeyoung wants to eat (rice)

Question 52

it’s acceptable to use the ~아/어하다 version of an adjective when the speaker is the subject of the sentence and there an object in the sentence

Answer 52

제가 가난을 너무 부끄러워했어요 - i am shy about/of my poorness (the fact that i’m poor)

Question 53

제가 친구의 성공을 너무 기뻐했어요

Answer 53

i am very happy/glad about my friends success

Question 54

~께서 is a particle used to indicate the subject of a sentence when it’s a person who deserves a high amt of respect

Answer 54

지금 교장선생님께서 잠깐 말씀을 하시겠습니다 - now, the principal will speak for a moment

Question 55

아버님께서는 밥을 드셨습니다

Answer 55

the father ate (but somebody else didn’t)