Lesson 4 (Part 1)

Question 1

What region can you find the pancreas in?

Answer 1

Epigastric region

Question 2

What is the pancreas composed of? (2)

Answer 2

1. Exocrine tissue
   - this makes up the majority
2. Endocrine tissue

Question 3

What is the function of the exocrine gland?

Answer 3

Digestion

Question 4

What does the exocrine gland secrete?

Answer 4

Pancreatic juice

Question 5

What does the exocrine gland break up? (3)

Answer 5

1. Fat
2. Carbohydrates
3. Proteins

• all into smaller pieces

Question 6

What does the endocrine gland secrete?

Answer 6

Hormones

Question 7

What 2 hormones do the endocrine gland secretes?

Answer 7

1. Glucagon

2. Insulin

Question 8

What do the endocrine glands do?

Answer 8

Maintains sugar and salt balance

Question 9

What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine? (2)

Answer 9

1. Exocrine = goes through a duct to get to the body

2. Endocrine = gets deposited directly into the blood, no duct required

Question 10

What cells make up exocrine tissues?

Answer 10

Acini cells

Question 11

What percentage do exocrine tissues make up?

Answer 11

80%

Question 12

What percentage do endocrine tissues make up?

Answer 12

20%

Question 13

What do exocrine tissues look like?

Answer 13

Small grape like structure with endocrine tissues in between

Question 14

What is pancreatic juice composed of? (7)

Answer 14

1. Amylase
2. Lipase
3. Tripsin
4. Chymotrypsin
5. Carboxypepidase
6. Nucleases
7. Sodium bicarbonate

Question 15

What does lipase break down?

Answer 15

Fats

Question 16

What does amylase break down?

Answer 16

Carbohydrates

Question 17

What does trypsin, chymotrypsinogen and carboxypeptidase break down?

Answer 17

Proteins

Question 18

What does nucleases break down?

Answer 18

Nucleic acid

Question 19

What does sodium bicarbonate break down?

Answer 19

Neutralizes hydrochloric acid

Question 20

What is hormone release stimulated by?

Answer 20

Partially digested food

Question 21

What do hormones cause the production of?

Answer 21

Pancreatic juice

Question 22

What is the function of cholecystokinin, gastrin and acetycholine?

Answer 22

To stimulate acini cells to produce digestive enzymes

Question 23

What is the function of secretin?

Answer 23

To stimulate production of sodium bicarbonates

Question 24

What are the 2 main ducts of the pancreas?

Answer 24

1. Duct of Wirsung
   - main duct
2. Duct of Santorini
   - smaller accessory duct

Question 25

Where does pancreatic juice collect in?

Answer 25

In the ducts of Wirsung

Question 26

Where does the pancreatic juice go after collecting in the duct of Wirsung?

Answer 26

Moves into the duodenum through the ampulla of Vater

Question 27

What does the sphincter of Oddi do when it relaxes?

Answer 27

It allows the passage of the pancreatic juices

Question 28

What are cells from the endocrine tissues?

Answer 28

Islets of Langerhans

Question 29

What are Islets of Langerhans consist of? (3)

Answer 29

1. Alpha cells
2. Beta cells
3. Delta cells

Question 30

What do Islets of Langerhans do?

Answer 30

Secretes hormones directly into the blood stream

Question 31

What does insulin do?

Answer 31

Turns glucose to glycogen

Question 32

What does glucagon do?

Answer 32

Turns glycogen to glucose

Question 33

What does somatostatin do?

Answer 33

Inhibits insulin and glucagon production

- is an alpha and beta inhibitor