Lesson 17 (Part 4) Flashcards
What is an advantage of using TRUS to examine the prostate?
Closer distance and higher frequency so you get a better resolution
What is a disadvantage of using TRUS?
You are not able to distinguish between the 4 zones
- the zones have similar echotexture
What 2 glands make up the prostate?
- Inner gland
2. Outer gland
What does the inner gland of the prostate consist of? (3)
- Transitional
- Anterior fibromuscular stroma glandular tissue
- Internal urethra sphincter
What does the outer gland of the prostate consist of? (2)
- Peripheral zone
2. Central zone
What is the outer gland sometime referred to as?
Peripheral
What is the echotexture of the outer gland?
Homogenous
- uniform
What is the echogenicity of the outer gland?
Slight more echoic than the inner gland
What is the inner gland sometimes referred to as?
Central
What is the echogenicity of the inner gland?
Hypoechoic
What is the echotexture of the inner gland?
Heterogeneous
What can the prostate volume be converted to?
Weight
What does the surgical capsule separate?
The inner and outer gland
What is not always seen in young males?
The surgical capsule
What is the fact about the surgical capsule?
Traditionally when urologists resected the prostate they believed they dissected to this line
- it is not a true capsule
What is the outer margin of the prostate?
The prostate capsule
- not a true membranous capsule
What is there a clear interface of in the exterior prostate gland?
Between the prostate and the periprostatic fat
What is the exception with the posterolateral margin?
It appears ragged
What does colour doppler appear as for the prostate?
Mildly to moderately vascular
- symmetry
What is the echogenicity of the seminal vesicles?
Relatively hypoechoic
What is the sonographic appearance of the seminal vesicle?
Multiseptated structures
Where is the vas deferens see adjacent to?
The seminal vesicles
- VD is more medial
What is a normal variant of the prostate? (3)
- Benign ductal ectasia
- Prostatic calcifications
- Corpora amylacea
Benign ductal ectasia
Is a condition in older men that is caused by atrophy and dilation of the prostatic ducts
- visible as single or grouped (1-2mm diameter)
What is prostatic calcifications more common with?
Advancing age
Prostatic calcifications
Bright echogenic foci or clumps in the prostate
Corpora amylacea
Proteinaceous debris
- attenuation prevents TRUS
Is there any clinical significance to corpora?
No
Is corpora amylacea palpable?
No
