Lesson 13 (Part 1) Flashcards
What do ureters function as?
A conduit
What does the bladder act as?
A reservoir for urine
What does the urethra function as?
A conduit
Conduit
Channel for conveying fluid
- moves fluid from one place to another
How long are the ureters in length?
25-30cm
Where do the ureters course? (2)
- Inferiorly behind the parietal peritoneum
2. Anterior to the psoas muscles
What do the ureters cross anteriorly?
The iliac vessels to the sacroiliac joints
What do the ureters enter into?
The bladder
- inferiorly
How many layers make up the ureters?
3
What are the 3 layers that make up the ureters?
- Inner mucosal layer
- Medial layer
- Outer fibrous layer
What kind of muscles make up the middle layer of the ureter? (2)
- Longitudinal muscle
2. Circular smooth muscle
How does the ureter transport urine to the bladder?
By urethral peristalsis
- varies depending on the state of hydration
What does the proximal ureter leave?
The kidneys through the ureteropelvic junction
What does the distal ureter enter?
The bladder through the uereterovesicle junction
What cavity it the bladder located in?
The pelvic cavity
Is the bladder intra or retroperitoneal?
Retroperitoneal
Where does the bladder sit in females? (2)
- Anterior to the vagina
2. In front of the uterus
Where does the bladder sit in males?
Rests on the prostate
What is the bladder wall mostly made of?
Smooth muscle tissue
What are the inner layer forms folds of the bladder wall called?
Rugae
What are the ureters corners of?
The trigone
Where do the urethral openings lie?
Anterior lower corner
What are functions of the bladder? (2)
- Reservoir for urine
- Expels urine from the body
- aided by the urethra
How should the patient prep before scanning the bladder? (2)
- Fill bladder approximately 24-32 ounces
2. Fast 6-8 hours
What is the best scanning approach for the bladder?
Scan using the anterior approach on the pelvis
What is the best scanning approach for the kidneys? (2)
- Subcostal approach
2. Coronal approach (Rt and Lt side)
What is the echogenicity of the bladder?
Anechoic fluid filled structure with echogenic walls
What does the bladder act as?
A specular reflector
What is the contour of the bladder when it is full?
Smooth
What is the contour of the bladder when it is empty?
Irregular
What is the shape of the bladder in a transverse plane?
Square with curved edges
What is the shape of the bladder in a sagittal plane?
It is triangular shaped
