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Normal Anatomy > Lesson 17 (Part 2) > Flashcards

Lesson 17 (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 zones that make up the glandular region of the prostate?

A
  1. Peripheral
  2. Central
  3. Transition zone
  4. Periurethral glandular tissue/zone
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2
Q

What is the largest zone of the glandular region?

A

Peripheral zone

- 70%

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3
Q

How much cancer is typically found in the peripheral zone?

A

70%

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4
Q

What regions of the prostate make up the peripheral region? (3)

A
  1. Posterior
  2. Lateral
  3. Apical
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5
Q

What does the peripheral zone resemble?

A

An eggcup

- holding the egg of the central gland

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6
Q

What is the 2nd largest zone of the glandular region?

A

Central zone

- 25%

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7
Q

How much cancer is typically found in the central zone?

A

5%

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8
Q

What 2 structures enter at the central zone?

A
  1. Vas deferenes

2. Seminal vesicles

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9
Q

How much glandular tissue is made up in the transitional zone?

A

5%

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10
Q

How much cancer is typically found in the transitional zone?

A

20%

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11
Q

Periurethral glandular zone

A

Tissue that lines the proximal prostatic urethra

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12
Q

What is the prostatic urethra divided by?

A

The verumontanum

- proximal and distal sections

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13
Q

Where is the verumontanum close to?

A

The centre of the prostate

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14
Q

What happens at the verumontanum?

A

The ejaculatory ducts meet the urethra

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15
Q

What are 3 indications that you scan a males pelvis?

A
  1. Prostate problems suspected
  2. Lab values have increased
  3. Urinary problems
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16
Q

What are 3 ways you can suspect that there are problems with the prostate?

A
  1. The size is abnormal
  2. Cancer
  3. You can feel a lump on the rectal exam
17
Q

What lab values are you testing with a prostate exam?

A

PSA

18
Q

PSA

A

Prostatic specific antigen

19
Q

What are 3 urinary problems?

A
  1. Nocturia
  2. Frequency
  3. Weak streams
20
Q

DRE

A

Digital rectal exam

21
Q

Digital rectal exam

A

Palpate for lumps on the prostate

22
Q

Prostatic specific antigen

A

Blood test for the prostate

23
Q

What happens to the prostate with increasing age?

A

It grows

24
Q

What protein does the prostate produce exclusively?

A

Glycoprotein

25
Q

What does it mean if you have increased levels of PSA?

A

More likely that prostate cancer exists

- normal levels dont exclude cancer

26
Q

What percent of men still get prostate cancer with normal PSA levels?

A

20-40%

27
Q

What happens to PSA when the prostate increases?

A

PSA increases also

28
Q

What PSA level do most normal men have?

A

1.5 ng/mL

29
Q

What are the normal, borderline and abnormal values for PSA?

A
  1. Normal = < 2.5 ng%
  2. Borderline = 4-10 ng%
  3. Abnormal = > 10 ng%
30
Q

What does PSA provide?

A

A continuous index of risk for cancer

31
Q

Serial PSA tests

A

Checks if the levels have changed over time

32
Q

PSA/d

A

PSA/volume

Normal Anatomy (47 decks)

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