Lesson 12 (Part 2)

Question 1

What is transient pyelectasis considered to be?

Answer 1

Normal

Question 2

When can transient pyelectasis happen?

Answer 2

When patients drink lots of water

- well hydrated

Question 3

What happens to the calyces and pyramids in transient pyelectasis?

Answer 3

They become more anechoic and more prominent

Question 4

How is transient pyelectasis resolved?

Answer 4

After emptying the bladder

Question 5

What does it mean if the whole collecting system is anechoic?

Answer 5

Its not normal

Question 6

What is it called when its opposite from transient pyelectasis?

Answer 6

Hydronephrosis

Question 7

What are the 3 sets of kidneys in the embryo?

Answer 7

1. Pronephros
2. Mesonephros
3. Metanephros

Question 8

When does pronephroni occur?

Answer 8

Early in the 4th week gestation

Question 9

What happens in pronephros? (2)

Answer 9

1. Rudimentary
2. Nonfunctioning
   - use less kidneys

Question 10

When does mesonephroni occur?

Answer 10

Late in the 4th week gestation

Question 11

What does mesonephroni do?

Answer 11

Functions as the interim kidneys

Question 12

What are metanephroi considered?

Answer 12

The permanent kidneys

Question 13

What are the 2 sources where metanephroi develop from?

Answer 13

1. Ureteric bud

2. Metanephrogenic blastema

Question 14

What comes from the ureteric bud? (4)

Answer 14

1. Ureter
2. Renal pelvis
3. Calices
4. Collecting ducts

Question 15

What does the ureteric bud interact and penetrates with?

Answer 15

The metanephrogenic blastema

Question 16

Where do the kidneys travel from?

Answer 16

The pelvis to the right upper quadrant

Question 17

How much do the kidneys rotate as they travel?

Answer 17

90 degrees

Question 18

What are the normal variants associated with kidneys? (4)

Answer 18

1. Hypertrophied column of Bertin
2. Extra renal pelvis
3. Junctional cortical (parenchymal) defect
4. Dromedary hump

Question 19

HCB

Answer 19

Hypertrophied column of Bertin

Question 20

Hypertrophied column of Bertin

Answer 20

Normal structures seen in the renal cortical tissue that causes renal pseudo tumour

Question 21

Extra renal pelvis

Answer 21

Chamber where all urine forming ducts meet before transmitting the formed urine via a long tube, ureter, to the urinary bladder

Question 22

Junctional cortical (parenchymal) defect

Answer 22

Is a triangular or linear hyperechoic structure in the anterior/superior or posterior/inferior surface of the kidney. The intermediate septum is a band-like cortex, running obliquely in the central echo complex

Question 23

Dromedary hump

Answer 23

Is a prominent focal bulge on the lateral border of the left kidney caused by splenic impression, which can mimic renal neoplasm

Question 24

Where is HCB seen easier?

Answer 24

Sagittal

- equal on both sides

Question 25

Where is the extra renal pelvis seen easier?

Answer 25

Transverse

Question 26

Where is the junctional cortical (parechymal) defect seen easier?

Answer 26

Sagittal

- on the right side

Question 27

Where is dromedary hump seen easily?

Answer 27

Sagittal

- on the left