Lesson 12 (Part 2) Flashcards
What is transient pyelectasis considered to be?
Normal
When can transient pyelectasis happen?
When patients drink lots of water
- well hydrated
What happens to the calyces and pyramids in transient pyelectasis?
They become more anechoic and more prominent
How is transient pyelectasis resolved?
After emptying the bladder
What does it mean if the whole collecting system is anechoic?
Its not normal
What is it called when its opposite from transient pyelectasis?
Hydronephrosis
What are the 3 sets of kidneys in the embryo?
- Pronephros
- Mesonephros
- Metanephros
When does pronephroni occur?
Early in the 4th week gestation
What happens in pronephros? (2)
- Rudimentary
- Nonfunctioning
- use less kidneys
When does mesonephroni occur?
Late in the 4th week gestation
What does mesonephroni do?
Functions as the interim kidneys
What are metanephroi considered?
The permanent kidneys
What are the 2 sources where metanephroi develop from?
- Ureteric bud
2. Metanephrogenic blastema
What comes from the ureteric bud? (4)
- Ureter
- Renal pelvis
- Calices
- Collecting ducts
What does the ureteric bud interact and penetrates with?
The metanephrogenic blastema
Where do the kidneys travel from?
The pelvis to the right upper quadrant
How much do the kidneys rotate as they travel?
90 degrees
What are the normal variants associated with kidneys? (4)
- Hypertrophied column of Bertin
- Extra renal pelvis
- Junctional cortical (parenchymal) defect
- Dromedary hump
HCB
Hypertrophied column of Bertin
Hypertrophied column of Bertin
Normal structures seen in the renal cortical tissue that causes renal pseudo tumour
Extra renal pelvis
Chamber where all urine forming ducts meet before transmitting the formed urine via a long tube, ureter, to the urinary bladder
Junctional cortical (parenchymal) defect
Is a triangular or linear hyperechoic structure in the anterior/superior or posterior/inferior surface of the kidney. The intermediate septum is a band-like cortex, running obliquely in the central echo complex
Dromedary hump
Is a prominent focal bulge on the lateral border of the left kidney caused by splenic impression, which can mimic renal neoplasm
Where is HCB seen easier?
Sagittal
- equal on both sides
Where is the extra renal pelvis seen easier?
Transverse
Where is the junctional cortical (parechymal) defect seen easier?
Sagittal
- on the right side
Where is dromedary hump seen easily?
Sagittal
- on the left
