Lesson 18 (Part 1)

Question 1

What is the appearance of muscles?

Answer 1

Moderate echogenicity with echogenic striations

- seen within in long axis view

Question 2

What can muscles be mistaken for in the female pelvis? (2)

Answer 2

1. Ovaries

2. Masses

Question 3

How many plans do you image the female pelvis? Why?

Answer 3

1. 2 planes
2. Because you could mistake something for a mass
   - iliopsoas looks like a bullseye in short axis

Question 4

Is the female pelvis intro or retroperitoneal?

Answer 4

Retroperitoneal

Question 5

What happens to the female pelvis between birth and puberty?

Answer 5

Uterus descends gradually from the lower abdomen into the true pelvis

Question 6

What is anterior to the uterus? (2)

Answer 6

1. Pubic bone

2. Bladder

Question 7

What is posterior to the uterus?

Answer 7

Rectum

Question 8

What are the 3 major portions of the uterus?

Answer 8

1. Fundus
2. Body
3. Cervix

Question 9

Cornua

Answer 9

Area of the body where the tubes enter

- by the fallopian tubes

Question 10

Where is the cornua located?

Answer 10

At the superior portion of the fundus of the uterus

Question 11

Where is the body of the uterus located?

Answer 11

Area between Cervix and Cornua

Question 12

Cervix

Answer 12

Slight narrowing between the body and the proximal cervix

Question 13

What does the cervix open into?

Answer 13

The upper vagina

Question 14

What is the cervix internally made up of? (2)

Answer 14

1. Internal os

2. External os

Question 15

What is at the distal end of the cervix space between the vagina? (3)

Answer 15

1. Lateral fornix
   - 2 of them
2. Anterior fornix
3. Posterior fornix

Question 16

What lies in the middle of the vagina?

Answer 16

A fibromuscular canal

Question 17

Where does the fibromuscular canal run from?

Answer 17

The cervix to the external genitalia

Question 18

Where does the cervix protrude into?

Answer 18

The proximal vagina

Question 19

What lies posterior to the cervix?

Answer 19

The rectum

Question 20

Uterus

Answer 20

Hollow, thick walled muscular organ

Question 21

What are the 3 layers of the uterus?

Answer 21

1. Perimentrium external
2. Myometrium
3. Endometrium

Question 22

What layer makes up most of the uterus?

Answer 22

The myometrium

Question 23

What are the layers of the myometrium?

Answer 23

1. Inner layer
2. Intermediate
3. Outer

Question 24

What is another word for the inner layer of the myometrium?

Answer 24

Subendometrial halo

Question 25

What are the 2 layers of the endometrium?

Answer 25

1. Superficial function layer

2. Deep basal layer

Question 26

What does the superficial functional layer of the endometrium do?

Answer 26

Is the part that sloughs off each menses

Question 27

What are the uterus’s ligaments? (6)

Answer 27

1. Broad ligament
   - paired
2. Cardinal
   - paired
3. Uterosacral
   - paired
4. Posterior
5. Anterior
6. Round
   - paired

Question 28

Broad ligaments

Answer 28

Double folds of parietal pertioneum

that suspends the uterus between these folds

Question 29

Where is the broad ligament extend from?

Answer 29

Lateral aspect of uterus to the lateral pelvic walls

Question 30

Cardinal ligaments

Answer 30

Lower extension of the broad ligament

Question 31

Round ligament

Answer 31

Fibromuscular cords

Question 32

Where does the round ligament extend from?

Answer 32

Extends from the upper outer angles of uterus through to the inguinal canal

Question 33

What does the round ligament attach to?

Answer 33

The labia majora

Question 34

Uterosacral ligaments

Answer 34

Fold like extensions of peritoneum

Question 35

Where is the uterosacral ligament located?

Answer 35

Posterior uterus to the sacrum

- each side of the rectum