Lesson 18 (Part 4) Flashcards
What are the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle?
- Early proliferative
- Late proliferative
- Secretory phase
- right before menses - Menses
How thick is the uterus during the early proliferative phase?
5-7mm
How long does the early proliferative phase last for?
5-13 days
How thick is the uterus during the late proliferative phase?
less than 11mm
How long does the late proliferative phase last for?
14-16 days
How thick is the uterus during the secretory phase?
16mm
How long does the late proliferative phase last for?
16-28 days
How long does menses last for?
1-5 days
Why do we scan the female pelvis? (2)
- Pregnancy
- can tell how far along they are - Pelvic pain
- RLQ, LLQ, generalized, chronic, acute
What kind of view does a transabdominal ultrasound give us?
A global view
What are the limitations of a transabdominal ultrasound? (4)
- Limited patients ability to hold and fill bladder
- Obese patients
- Retroverted uterus
- beyond focal zone of transducer - Limited resolution depth
How much does a patient have to drink to fill their bladder?
24-32 oz
- 1 hour prior to the exam
How does a patient prep for a transabdominal pelvic ultrasound?
Fill their bladder
Why does a patient need to fill their bladder? (3)
- Displaces uterus from pelvis
- Displaces gas filled bowel
- Use as an acoustic window
What are some technical difficulties with doing a transabdominal ultrasound? (4)
- Obese patients
- Surgical scars
- artifacts - Barium or gas filled bowel
- Abdominal dressings
How do you prepare for a transvaginal ultrasound? (6)
- Discuss what is involved
- Verbal consent
- Empty bladder
- Use a 5 to 8 MHz transducer
- Cover transducer with probe cover
- Follow proper cleaning procedures after exam
What are 8 advantages to doing a transvaginal ultrasound?
- Better resolution higher frequency transducer
- Obese patients dont make a difference
- Patients dont have to fill their bladders
- Can see a retroverted uterus
- Better distinction adnexal masses and bowel
- Better characterization of internal pelvic mass
- Better detail of pelvic lesion
- Better detail of endometrium
What is a disadvantage of a transvaginal ultrasound?
Smaller field of view
When would you nor perform a transvaginal ultrasound? (3)
- They don’t want it
- If they are having complications (bleeding) when they are pregnant
- Very old women
- 98 year old
Where do the fallopian tubes run?
Laterally from the uterus in the upper free margin of the broad ligament
How long is the fallopian tubes?
7-12cm in length
How many portions s the fallopian tubes divided into?
4
What are the 4 divisions of the fallopian tubes?
- Intramural
- Isthmus
- Ampulla
- Infundibulum
What is the narrowest part of the fallopian tube?
Intramural
How long is the intramural portion of the fallopian tube?
1cm
Where is the intramural portion of the fallopian tube located?
Within the muscular uterine wall
Isthmus (2)
- Medial third of tube
2. Slightly wider and cordlike
Ampulla
Tortuous, approx. ½ of tube
What is the most distal portion of the fallopian tube?
Infundibulum
What is the shape of the infundibulum?
Funnel shaped end
What does the infundibulum open into?
The peritoneal cavity
