Lesson 11 (Part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Are kidneys intro or retroperitoneam?

A

Retroperitoneum

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2
Q

Why does the left kidney sit a little higher in the body than the right kidney?

A

Because the right lobe of the liver come slower down pushing the right kidney a little more inferior

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3
Q

What 2 muscles are posterior to the kidneys?

A
  1. Psoas

2. Quadratus Lumborum

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4
Q

What is the QL also known as?

A

Kidney bed

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5
Q

Where does the liver lay compared to the right kidney?

A

Superior and anterior

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6
Q

Where does the spleen lay compared to the kidney?

A

Superior

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7
Q

What are the 4 external layers of the kidneys?

A
  1. Renal capsule
  2. Perirenal fat
  3. Gerota’s fascia
  4. Pararenal fat
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8
Q

Renal capsule

A

Tough fiberous capsule

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9
Q

Perirenal fat

A

Surrounds the renal capsule

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10
Q

Gerota’s fascia

A

Anchor’s the kidney

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11
Q

Why do kidneys need lot of protection?

A

Because it has a lot of vascular components

- so if you get in an accident you could lose a lot of blood

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12
Q

What are 2 other names for the renal capsule?

A
  1. True capsule

2. Fibrous capsule

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13
Q

What are 2 other names for perinephric fat?

A
  1. Adipose capsule

2. Packing fat of Zuckerland

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14
Q

What are 2 other names for fascia of Gerota?

A
  1. Perirenal fascia

2. Perinephric fascia

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15
Q

What is another word for pararenal fat?

A

Pararenal body

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16
Q

What are the 4 retroperitoneal spaces?

A
  1. Anterior pararenal space
  2. Perirenal space
  3. Retrorenal space
  4. Posterior pararenal space
17
Q

Anterior pararenal space

A

Fat area between the posterior peritoneum and Gerota’s fascia

18
Q

What other organs does the anterior pararenal space? (5)

A
  1. Pancreas
  2. Descending portion of the duodenum
  3. Ascending/descending colon
  4. Superior mesenteric vessels
  5. Inferior portion of the CBD
19
Q

Posterior pararenal space

A

Space between the Gerota’s fascia and the posterior abdominal wall muscles

20
Q

What does the posterior pararenal space contain? (3)

A
  1. Iliopsoas and QL muslces
  2. The posterior abdominal wall
  3. Fat and nerves
21
Q

Perirenal space

A

Space separated from the pararenal space by Gerota’s fascia

22
Q

What does the perirenal space contain? (6)

A
  1. Kidneys/adrenal glands
  2. Perinephric fat
  3. Ureters
  4. Renal vessels
  5. Aorta/IVC
  6. Lymph nodes
23
Q

What do perirenal fat and pararenal fat do?

A

Accommodate movement during respiration

24
Q

What 2 areas is the kidney divided into?

A
  1. Renal parenchyma

2. Central sinus

25
Q

What is contained in the renal parenchyma? (2)

A
  1. Cortex

2. Medulla

26
Q

What is contained in the central sinus? (2)

A
  1. Renal sinus

2. Renal hilum

27
Q

Renal cortex

A

Outer portion

- most superficial layer

28
Q

Medulla

A

Deeper layer of the parenchyma

29
Q

What does the medulla fold into?

A

Projections called renal pyramids

30
Q

How many renal pyramids are within the medulla?

A

8-18

31
Q

What are the areas between the pyramids called?

A

Renal columns