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Normal Anatomy > Lesson 13 (Part 4) > Flashcards

Lesson 13 (Part 4) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common anomalies in males?

A

Congenital megaureter

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2
Q

What does congenital megaureter result in?

A

Functional ureteric obstruction

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3
Q

What ureter is more common with congenital megaureter?

A

The left one

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4
Q

What does congenital megaureter look like in ultrasound?

A

Fusiform dilation at the 3rd of the ureter

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5
Q

What are 2 anomalies related to vascular development?

A
  1. Retrocaval ureter

2. Aberrant vessels

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6
Q

What are 4 anomalies related to bladder development?

A
  1. Bladder agenesis
  2. Bladder duplication
  3. Bladder exstrophy
  4. Urachal anomalies
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7
Q

What is an anomalies related to urethral development?

A

Diverticula

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8
Q

Retrocaval ureter

A

Abnormal embryogenesis of IVC

- ureter behind the IVC before entering the pelvis

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9
Q

Which ureter is predominant in retrocaval ureter?

A

The right

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10
Q

What is the ratio of males to females for retrocaval ureter?

A

3: 1

- more common in males

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11
Q

What are 2 symptoms of the retrocaval ureter?

A
  1. Right flank pain

2. UTI

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12
Q

When is megaureter fixed?

A

After peeing

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13
Q

What happens if megaureter doesnt change after peeing?

A

It looks like hydronephrosis

- ureter is dilated

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14
Q

Where is retrocaval located compared to the IVC?

A

Posterior to the IVC

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15
Q

Aberrant vessels

A

Insertion at an atypical location

  • can have duplication insertions
  • very uncommon
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16
Q

Bladder agenesis

A

In ultrasound the bladder is absent

- stillborn

17
Q

Can you live without your bladder?

A

No

18
Q

How common is bladder agenesis?

A

Very rare

19
Q

How many types of bladder duplications are there?

A

3

20
Q

What are the 3 types of bladder duplications?

A
  1. Peritoneal folds
  2. Internal septum
  3. Transverse band
21
Q

Peritoneal fold

A

Omenta, mesenteries and ligaments connect organs to each other or to the abdominal wall
- complete or incomplete

22
Q

Internal septum

A

Similar to the septum of the gallbladder

- complete or incomplete

23
Q

Transverse band

A

Band of muscle that divides the bladder into 2 unequal cavities

24
Q

Bladder exstrophy

A

Part of the urinary bladder is present outside the body and often inside out

25
Q

Is bladder exstrophy more common in males or females?

A

Males

- 2:1 ratio

26
Q

Why does bladder exstrophy occur?

A

Failure of the abdominal wall to close during fetal development

27
Q

Urachus

A

Remnant of the channel between the bladder and the umbilicus

28
Q

How many types of urachal anomalies are there?

A

4

Normal Anatomy (47 decks)

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