- extend head and neck - flex head and neck

- arms extend and legs flex - arms flex and legs extend

Lecture 6 Flashcards by Tracie K

Spontaneous:

movements not caused by known external stimuli

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Reflexive:

stereotypical responses elicited by specific external stimuli

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Original theory for spontaneous behaviour:

extraneous

- no purpose

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Current theory for spontaneous behaviour:

building blocks

- similar to some voluntary movements

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Examples of spontaneous behaviour:

spontaneous arm movements (resemble reaching)

- spontaneous kicking (resembles adult walking)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 categories of reflexes:

primitive
postural
locomotor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Reflexive movements occur quickly after onset of _____.

stimuli

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Reflexes involve _____ muscle or ____ ____ of muscles (not ____ ____)

single muscle
specific group
whole body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Reflexes cannot be ______ at any one time.

extinguished

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Persistence of some reflexes may indicate ______ _____.

neurological problems

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ATNR =

asymmetrical tonic neck reflex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ATNR starting position:

supine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ATNR stimulus:

turn head to one side

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ATNR response:

same-side arm and leg extend

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ATNR time:

prenatal to 4 months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ATNR warning signs:

persistence after 6 months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Palmer grasp reflex stimulus:

touch palm with finger or object

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Palmer grasp reflex response:

hand closes tightly around finger or object

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Palmer grasp reflex warning signs:

persistence after 1 year

- asymmetrical reflex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

STNR =

symmetrical tonic neck reflex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

STNR starting position:

infant starts in supported sitting position

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

STNR stimulus:

extend head and neck

- flex head and neck

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

STNR response:

arms extend and legs flex

- arms flex and legs extend

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Moro starting position:

supine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Moro stimulus:

shake head as by tapping pillow

Moro response:

- arms and legs extend - fingers spread - then arms and legs flex

Moro warning signs:

- presence after 6 months | - asymmetrical reflex

Later infancy has ____ control of movements.

voluntary (intentional)

Later infancy has understanding of _____ and _____ in the environment.

- environment | - objects

Later infancy has ______ interactions with others.

meaningful

Later infancy has _______ reactions.

postural

Postural reactions begin around:

2-4 months

Postural reactions help maintain ______ in changing _______.

- posture | - environment

Postural reactions are initially similar to ______, then incorporated into _____ ____.

- reflexes | - general repertoire

Labyrinthine righting reflex starting position:

infant is supported upright

Labyrinthine righting reflex stimulus:

tilt infant

Labyrinthine righting reflex response:

head moves to stay upright

Labyrinthine righting reflex time:

2-12 months

Derotative righting reflex starting position:

supine

Derotative righting reflex stimulus:

- turn legs and pelvis to one side | - tuen head sideways

Derotative righting reflex response:

- trunk and head follow rotation | - body follows head in rotation

Derotative righting reflex time:

from 4 months

Parachute reflex starting position:

infant is held upright

Parachute reflex stimulus:

- lower infant toward ground rapidly - tilt forward - tilt sideways - tilt backward

Parachute reflex response:

- legs extend - arms extend - arms extend - arms extend

Parachute reflex time:

- from 4 months - from 7 months - from 6 months - from 9 months

Walking alone (textbook) average age and age range:

- average age: 11.7 months | - age range: 9-17 months

Walking alone (WHO) age range:

8-18 months

Standing alone (textbook) average age and age range;

- average age: 11 months | - age range: 9-16 months

Standing alone (WHO) age range:

7-17 months

Walking with assistance (textbook) average age and age range:

- average age: 9.6 months | - age range: 7-12 months

Walking with assistance (WHO) age range:

6-14 months

Hands and knees (creeping) (textbook) average age:

10 months

Hands and knees (WHO) age range:

5-14 months

Standing with assistance (textbook) average age and age range:

- average age: 8.6 months | - age range: 6-12 months

Standing with assistance (WHO) age range:

5-12 months

Sitting without support (textbook) average age:

7 months

Sitting without support (WHO) age range:

3.5-9.5 months

Lifts head average age:

0.1 months

Rolls over average age and age range:

- average age: 6.4 months | - age range: 4-10 months

Walks backward average age and age range:

- average age: 14.6 months | - age range: 11-20 months

Jump off floor (both feet) average age and age range:

- average age: 23.4 months | - age range: 17-30 months

Rate limiters or controllers:

individual constraints that inhibit or slow attainment of a motor skill